Microbial transglutaminase alters the immunogenic potential and cross-reactivity of horse and cow milk proteins.

Horse milk is a valuable raw material and a very attractive alternative for scientific research to address the issue of cow milk (CM) allergy due to its protein profile. A decrease in immunoreactive properties can be achieved by thermal, enzymatic, and hydrolytic processing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the possibility of reducing the immunoreactivity of horse milk proteins by microbial transglutaminase (TG) polymerization. To determine how TG linking alters immunoreactivity under simulated digestion of the examined milk, analyses were performed before, during, and after digestion. The dose-dependent (1, 10, and 100 U) effects of microbial TG on horse and cow milk were analyzed. A consecutive 3-stage digestion was simulated with salivary, gastric, and intestinal fluids. The effects of digestion were analyzed by SDS-PAGE, particle size analysis, and size-exclusion chromatography. Immunoreactivity was assessed using competitive ELISA (ß-lactoglobulin and α-casein) and immunodot (sera from 7 patients aged 3 to 13 years who are allergic to CM proteins). Horse milk contained almost half of the amount of total proteins in CM. The dose 1 U/g of total milk protein changed the immunoreactivity of both cow and horse milk. With increasing TG doses, α-casein immunoreactivity increased, and ß-lactoglobulin decreased. After total digestion, horse milk was characterized by 2.4-fold lower average IgE and 4.8-fold lower IgG reactivity than CM. We found that TG alters the IgE and IgG reactivity of CM after in vitro digestion. Horse milk was less reactive to IgE and IgG than was CM, with animal and patient sera. The effect of TG on immunoreactivity depends on enzyme quantity and milk protein type. The diet based on modified horse milk proteins could be an alternative for some patients with CM protein allergy; however, confirmation through clinical trials is needed.

[Changes of kidney parenchyma in children with nephrolithiasis after ESWL treatment in ultrasonography, power Doppler and thermovision monitoring]. / Ocena zmian miazszu nerek u dzieci z kamica nerkowa leczonych metoda ESWL w badaniach usg, power Doppler i termowizyjnych.

The authors discuss the results ultrasonographic (USG), power Doppler (PD) and thermovision (TV) examination in monitoring changes of kidney parenchyma in 30 children with nephrolithiasis after ESWL treatment. To monitor possible effect of shock wave on the kidney parenchyma the USG, PD and TV examination were done before ESWL treatment as well as, 48 hours and 3 months following the treatment. Parts of kidney parenchyma localized on the way of shock wave to the stone were analysed. Echogenicity of kidney parenchyma was analysed by comparison of echo amplitude in subsequent USG examinations. Parenchymal blood flow by computer analyse was estimated. In TV examination the temperature distribution in the place of skin kidney projection was estimated. Changes in echogenicity of kidney parenchyma and impaired kidney parenchymal blood flow 48 hours after ESWL were found. In TV examination 48 hours after ESWL transient reduction in skin temperature was observed in the place of shock wave transmission. In 3 months after ESWL disturbances in the kidney parenchyma in USG, PD and TV were not observed.

[Difficulties in the diagnosis of cerebral abscess in a 15-year old boy with von Recklinghausen disease treated surgically: recovery case report]. / Trudnosci w rozpoznaniu ropnia mózgu u 15 letniego chlopca z choroba Recklinghausena leczonego operacyjnie z powodzeniem. Opis przypadku.

A case of neurofibromatosis type 1 in 15 years old boy is presented. Recurrent intracranial bleedings, epileptic seizures and brain abscess were the main manifestations of the disease. The authors suggest that hamartomatous cerebral lesion with vascular abnormalities might be responsible for such a picture of the disease.

Repositioning the misplaced colostomy for high imperforate anus: report of a new technique.

The case of a 2-year-old boy with high imperforate anus and an incorrectly positioned colostomy (in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen) is presented. To relieve the resulting tension on the distal rectosigmoid colon and to allow for its use in a combined pull-through and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, the colostomy was moved to the subumbilical area.