[Metabolic syndrome as a gerontological problem (literature review).]

Metabolic syndrome is a complex of interrelated disorders of carbohydrate and fat metabolism, as well as mechanisms for regulating blood pressure and endothelial function, which are based on a decrease in tissue sensitivity to insulin. Therefore, the leading component, pathophysiological basis and uniting factor of most of the symptoms described in metabolic syndrome is the resistance of peripheral tissues to the action of insulin, which is closely correlated with most metabolic disorders. It should be emphasized that almost all components of metabolic syndrome are established risk factors for developing cardiovascular diseases. The likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome increases with age. The article discusses the possibility of presenting the metabolic syndrome as a gerontological problem.

[Mortality of population living in areas of local earth's crust ruptures].

In areas of local earth's crust ruptures on territory of City of Surgut (Khanty-Mansy autonomous Okrug), relationship between death cases of cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasms and physical factors anomalies (geomagnetic field, gamma rays, radon escape) has been studied. Findings analysis demonstrated that among city residents death rates of major cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer and stomach cancer reliably prevailed in areas of local earth's crust ruptures as compared with the rest of city territory. Planning of medical care and implementing of treatment and prevention activities requires to consider dwelling in abnormal physical fields zones.

[Human radiation action of radon and its daughter disintegration products].

Radon-222 and its daughter disintegration products are present within all the buildings without except, which is an inevitable source of radiation both in the dwellings and in working places. There may be higher concentrations of radon in some regions. Seasonal radon level changes depending on ambient air temperature and atmospheric pressure have been found in the atmospheric ground layers. The results of the performed sanitary-and-epidemiological studies may state that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the level of radon in the air of accommodations and the higher incidence of lung cancer. Radon-resistant structures of dwellings, removal of the soil sources of radon, as well as air filtration and efficient ventilation of premises are basic methods for decreasing the concentration of radon.

[Philosophic basis of the general pathology theory]. / Filosofskie osnovaniia obshchei teorii patologii.

The general human pathology is the theoretic basis of practical medicine. However the general theoretical comprehension of pathological process is in growing stage. The number of important problems remain unsolved. In this article a version of construction of the deductive theory of general pathology is presented. The principle of tissue adaptive regeneration is the optimal principle of general theory of pathology.

[Climatic and ecological risk factors of myocardial infarction in the Far North]. / Klimatoékologicheskie faktory riska ostrogo infarkta miokarda v usloviiakh Krainego Severa.

Basing on analysis of 1383 hospitalizations because of myocardial infarction during 5 years the following climatic events were found to be associated with development of the disease: rapid changes of atmospheric pressure, temperature or humidity, and magnetic storms. Technogenic ecological factors such as levels of formaldehyde, phenol, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide in atmospheric air were also related to frequency of hospitalizations due to myocardial infarction.

[Association of pulmonary tuberculosis morbidity with local earth's crustal fractures on the territory of a contemporary industrial town]. / Sviaz' zabolevaemosti legochnym tuberkulezom s lokal'nymi razlomami zemnoi kory na territorii sovremennogo promyshlennogo goroda.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the association of the incidence and severity of primary pulmonary tuberculosis with the anomalies of physical factors (geomagnetic field, gamma-radiation, radon emanation) above the local earth's crustal fractures (LECF) on the territory of Surgut. Analyzing the findings indicated the significant prevalence of both the rates of total primary morbidity of pulmonary tuberculosis and its exudative forms and the predominance of bacterial isolating patients among the residents in the area of LECF versus the continuum. Antituberculosis therapeutic-and-prophylactic measures should be planned, by taking into account the regional features of the state of anomalous physical fields.

[Medico-ecological monitoring of cardiovascular diseases in the urbanized north]. / Mediko-ékologicheskii monitoring zabolevanii serdechno-sosudistoi sistemy na urbanizirovannom Severe.

Aim of the study was to elucidate relationship between complex effect on organism of unfavorable ecological factors of high altitudes and course of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and hypertensive disease in Surgut (Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District). Five year medico-ecological monitoring established direct relation between dynamics of average monthly hospital admissions of patients with IHD and hypertension, level of atmospheric pressure and concentration of phenol in the air. Complex of nature conservation measures resulted in decreases of frequency of hospitalizations as well as cardiovascular morbidity with temporary loss of working capacity.

[Current medico-ecological aspects of internal diseases in the urbanized north]. / Sovremennye mediko-ékologicheskie aspekty vnutrennikh boleznei na ubanizirovannom severe.

AIM: To define a complex action of extreme climatic and harmful environmental factors of present-day northern industrial city on the course of chronic visceral diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Dynamics of exacerbations of basic therapeutic nosologies was studied basing on the data on 10,169 inpatients treated in therapeutic departments of Surgut hospitals (Khanty-Mansi District) in 1994-1998. In parallel, ambient air of the city was controlled for 3 main climatic and 6 technogenic hazards. The analysis was made by means of medicoecological mapping of residential zones. RESULTS: A common feature of chronic visceral diseases course was determined: maximum number of recurrences in February-March and October-November, minimum number--in July-August. There is a relationship between the recurrences and extreme climatic factors. An increase in the number of exacerbations may be related with suppression of nonspecific resistance of the northerners' organism in these seasons. Differential study of the decompensation rate of chronic noninfectious diseases in residential zones in dependence with the degree of technogenic pollution has shown that areas of the town with high hospitalization rates are exposed to high mean annual pollution with sulfur dioxide, vanadium pentoxide and carbon oxide. Areas with low morbidity had the best environment. CONCLUSION: A combined action of extreme climatic and environment factors of the North plays an essential role in decompensation of chronic diseases in the northerners. Dynamics of recurrent chronic noninfectious diseases may serve a sensitive marker of ecological safety of the region. Design and realization of recreation and rehabilitation measures in ecologically polluted areas of the town are effective for prevention of aggravated chronic visceral diseases.

[Health problems of the urbanized North (review)]. / Gigienicheskie problemy urbanizirovannogo Severa (obzor).

Industrial development of northern areas has caused changes in sociosanitary working and living conditions of the population. The indices of public health have become an integral criterion for the environmental situation. A complex approach must be used for ecological and sanitary assessments of the environment. Technogenic stress has lead to the appearance of adverse environmental factors against which the human body has produced no adaptive mechanisms; they may contribute to the development of virtually all diseases. The specific features of the North do not allow the experience accumulated in other regions of the country to be mechanically extended there. To lower the environmental concentration of pollutants will be beneficial to human health.