The concentration and health risk assessment of radionuclides in the muscle of tuna fish: A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis.

Exposure to radionuclides, especially in food, can endanger the health of consumers. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed regarding the concentration of radionuclides in tuna fish muscle. International databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched to find articles regarding the concentration of radionuclides in tuna fish muscle from 1 January 2000 to 20 February 2021. The lowest and highest concentration of radionuclides was related to Caesium-137 (137Cs) and Potassium-40 (4 K), respectively. The rank order of radionuclides based on their pooled concentration was 4 K (370.157 Bq/kg) > 210Po Polonium-210 (26.312 Bq/kg) > 210Pb (5.339 Bq/kg) > 226Ra (4.005 Bq/kg) > 137Cs (0.415 Bq/kg). The health risk assessment based on annual effective dose indicates that consumers are at the safe range of health risk (H < 1 mSv/y). The continuous monitoring concentration of radionuclides in seafood and health risk assessment should be recommended.

The challenges of strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquake in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar: A qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Strategic management of the wastage produced due to earthquakes has faced many challenges over the recent decade. Thus, the present study seeks to identify and explain the challenges in earthquake wastage strategic management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present qualitative study has been steered through a content analysis approach and conducted using semi-structured interviews and a purposive selection of 17 professors, experts, and managers experienced in the field of waste management in Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes over 2020-2021. Besides, the interviews were initially categorized using MAXQDA18 software. RESULTS: Analysis of the experiences and perception regarding the changes in strategic management of wastage produced due to Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes revealed 418 codes, 97 subcategories, 33 categories, and 8 main categories including management and leadership, organizational culture, planning, organizational learning, employee management, rules and regulations, resource management, and procedure management. CONCLUSION: Strategic waste management has not been implemented in a coherent, integrated, and well-planned manner in the cases of the Kermanshah and Varzaghan-Ahar earthquakes. The challenges of strategic waste management turned out to be due to various reasons which will result in many issues in achieving the goals and selecting the suitable method for resource and procedure management should they not be managed well. Hence, policymakers, managers, and executors in the field of crisis management and waste management in disasters -specifically earthquakes- must take the necessary measures to remove these barriers.

Effect of capsular tension ring implantation on predicted refractive error after cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

AIM: To investigate the effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation on predicted refractive error after cataract surgery in patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome. METHODS: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 patients with PEX syndrome referring to Imam Khomeini Hospital affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran, for undergoing cataract surgery. The study population was divided into two groups, namely CTR group (n=30) and non-CTR group (control group; n=30). The refractive error and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured 1wk, 1mo, and 3mo after phacoemulsification (PE) surgery. RESULTS: The results indicated no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of predicted refractive error (obtained by subtracting preoperative predicted refractive error from actual postoperative refractive error) 1wk (P=0.47), 1mo (P=0.30), and 3mo (P=0.06) after the PE surgery. Regarding the CTR group, the changes of ACD was statistically significant 1 and 3mo after the PE surgery, compared to those obtained 1wk post-surgery (P=0.005). CONCLUSION: The CTR implantation in PEX cataractous patients without zonulysis has no statistically significant effect on the predicted refraction and ACD changes after PE. The predicted refraction error has a hyperopic shift in both groups. The results reveal the unnecessary of calculating modified IOL in CTR implantation.

Features of a Health-Oriented Education Program during Daily Commutes: A Qualitative Study.

INTRODUCTION: Today, despite scientific advances, many people spend more time and distance between home and their workplaces because of various economic and population reasons. The aim of this study was to identify features of an appropriate health education program during commutes for factory staff at Ardakan county (Yazd province, Iran). METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted via the phenomenological method in 2014. The population of this study was members of the staff of Ardakan Steel Company. Nineteen specialists and 11 members of the factory's staff were invited to participate in the study, and data were collected using semi-structured interviews. The interviews took 20 to 40 minutes, and their content was analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS: Extraction of codes and themes and their placement in this study showed that an educational program during commutes should have nine features to have the desired effectiveness, i.e., the program must be audience-oriented, repeatable, participatory, technology-based, combinational, supportive, and motivational and interesting. Also, the program should have environmental and organizational support, and it must be evaluated for its effectiveness. CONCLUSION: Considering appropriate features of a health education program in educational situations, especially interventions related to daily commutes, is very important because the effectiveness of such health-oriented educational programs must be ensured.