RESUMEN
This retrospective study investigates the prevalence of atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) among patients admitted with hip and shaft fractures at a tertiary referral center in Beirut, Lebanon. We analyzed electronic medical records and radiology studies of patients aged above 40 admitted with hip and shaft fractures between January 2006 and December 2019. Fractures were confirmed by ICD9 or ICD10 codes. All cases were reviewed by radiologists, and AFFs were identified according to the 2013 revised ASBMR criteria. We identified 1366 hip and shaft fracture patients, of which 14 female patients had 19 AFFs. This represents a prevalence of 1.0% among all hip and shaft fractures patients and 1.7% among all female hip and shaft fracture patients. Bilateral AFFs were found in 5 of the 14 patients. Patients with AFF tended to be younger, with a mean age of 74.3 (±8.6) yr compared to 78.0 (±10.6) for patients with non-AFF fractures. A total of 36% of AFF patients had a prior history of non-traumatic fracture at first admission. A high percentage of patients with AFFs reported intake of proton pump inhibitors (42.9%) and glucocorticoids (21.4%). Bisphosphonate exposure was noted in 64.3% of AFF patients. None of the AFF patients were active smokers or consumed alcohol regularly. BMD assessments were available for 7 AFF patients, indicating osteoporosis in 4 and osteopenia in 3 cases. Hip axis length measurements showed no significant difference between AFF patients (N = 7) and sex and age-matched controls (N = 21). The study underlines the prevalence and characteristics of AFFs in Lebanon, which is consistent with the numbers reported in the literature (0.32%-5%). A larger prospective study that includes hospitals across the nation is needed to gain a more comprehensive view of the prevalence of AFFs in the Lebanese population.
RESUMEN
Abstract The prevalence of coronary artery anomalies has been increasing due to the increasing usage of coronary angiography. There is a paucity of literature concerning management of viral-induced myocarditis in patients with anomalous coronary artery. We present a very unusual case of a 44-year-old man with anomalous origin of the left circumflex artery from the proximal ostium of the right coronary artery who was admitted for COVID-19-induced myocarditis. He presented with signs of heart failure and coronary angiography revealed the left circumflex artery with a separate ostium originating from the proximal right coronary artery. He was treated medically with Bisoprolol, Perindopril Arginine, Rivaroxaban, and Furosemide. His condition improved rapidly and he resumed regular life within 1 month. Coexistence of cardiac disease such as viral-induced myocarditis with an underlying anomalous origin of the coronary artery is challenging to spot and can lead to worse outcomes in case of misdiagnosis and inaccurate management.
Resumo A prevalência de anomalias da artéria coronária vem aumentando devido ao uso crescente da angiografia coronariana. Há uma escassez de literatura sobre o manejo da miocardite induzida por vírus no contexto de artéria coronária anômala. Apresentamos um caso incomum de um homem de 44 anos com origem anômala da artéria circunflexa esquerda do óstio proximal da artéria coronária direita admitido por miocardite induzida por COVID-19. O paciente apresentava sinais de insuficiência cardíaca, e a cineangiocoronariografia revelou artéria circunflexa esquerda de óstio separado originando-se da artéria coronária direita proximal. Ele foi tratado clinicamente com bisoprolol, perindopril arginina, rivaroxabana e furosemida. Sua condição melhorou rapidamente, e o paciente recuperou uma vida normal em 1 mês. A coexistência de doença cardíaca, como miocardite induzida por vírus com uma origem anômala subjacente da artéria coronária, é difícil de detectar e pode levar a resultados piores em caso de diagnóstico incorreto e manejo impreciso.
