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2.
PLoS One ; 19(7): e0305637, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39024346

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have extensively examined the relationship between social support and various health outcomes. However, little is known about the distinct longitudinal associations between perceived social support and the development of cardiovascular events in patients with metabolic syndrome. In this cohort study, we investigated whether the levels of perceived social support in patients with metabolic syndrome were associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. METHODS: The level of social support was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) in 2,721 individuals living in Wonju and Pyeongchang, South Korea. The presence of metabolic syndrome was determined by physical measurements and blood tests, and the occurrence of cerebral cardiovascular disease in relation to the presence of metabolic syndrome and the level of social support was analyzed using Cox proportional-hazards models. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 2,345 days (2,192-2,618). Overall, in the group with metabolic syndrome and low social support, low social support was associated with an increased risk of later cerebral cardiovascular events; in this group, the hazard ratio after adjusting for confounding variables was 1.97 times (95% confidence interval, 1.01-3.85) higher than that in the group without metabolic syndrome and low social support. CONCLUSION: This study shows, for the first time, that the level of social support is a risk factor for preventing cerebral cardiovascular disease in patients with metabolic syndrome and suggests that social support status should be incorporated into multifactorial risk assessment and intervention procedures to prevent metabolic syndrome and cerebral cardiovascular disease.


Asunto(s)
Síndrome Metabólico , Apoyo Social , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , República de Corea/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Adulto , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares , Factores de Riesgo , Anciano , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/complicaciones , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales
3.
Yonsei Med J ; 65(6): 363-370, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38804031

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We investigated the association between social support, metabolic syndrome, and incident cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) in rural Koreans aged ≥50 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study on Atherosclerosis Risk of Rural Areas in the Korean General Population (KoGES-ARIRANG) dataset. From the baseline of 5169 adults, 1682 participants were finally included according to the exclusion criteria. For outcomes, myocardial infarction, angina, and stroke were included. For independent variables, the social support score and metabolic syndrome were used. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed to investigate the association among the variables. Paired t-test was conducted to analyze the longitudinal variation of social support scores. RESULTS: During the 6.37 years of median follow-up, 137 participants developed CCVD. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of metabolic syndrome with persistently high social support was 2.175 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.479-3.119]. The aOR of metabolic syndrome with persistently low social support was 2.494 (95% CI: 1.141-5.452). The longitudinal variation of the social support score of persistently high social support group was increased significantly by 4.26±26.32. The score of the persistently low social support group was decreased by 1.34±16.87 with no statistical significance. CONCLUSION: The presence of metabolic syndrome increases the likelihood of developing onset CCVD. Within the metabolic syndrome positive group, when social support was persistently low, the cohort developed more cardio-cerebrovascular disease compared to the persistently higher social support group. The social support score of the persistently low social support group could be improved through proper intervention. To prevent CCVD, metabolic syndrome components and low social support should be improved in the study participants.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos Cerebrovasculares , Síndrome Metabólico , Apoyo Social , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trastornos Cerebrovasculares/epidemiología , Anciano , Estudios Prospectivos , Incidencia , República de Corea/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Modelos Logísticos , Oportunidad Relativa
4.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38315595

RESUMEN

The global prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity is a major concern due to its association with chronic diseases and long-term health risks. Artificial intelligence technology has been identified as a potential solution to accurately predict obesity rates and provide personalized feedback to adolescents. This study highlights the importance of early identification and prevention of obesity-related health issues. To develop effective algorithms for the prediction of obesity rates and provide personalized feedback, factors such as height, weight, waist circumference, calorie intake, physical activity levels, and other relevant health information must be taken into account. Therefore, by collecting health datasets from 321 adolescents who participated in Would You Do It! application, we proposed an adolescent obesity prediction system that provides personalized predictions and assists individuals in making informed health decisions. Our proposed deep learning framework, DeepHealthNet, effectively trains the model using data augmentation techniques, even when daily health data are limited, resulting in improved prediction accuracy (acc: 0.8842). Additionally, the study revealed variations in the prediction of the obesity rate between boys (acc: 0.9320) and girls (acc: 0.9163), allowing the identification of disparities and the determination of the optimal time to provide feedback. Statistical analysis revealed that the performance of the proposed deep learning framework was more statistically significant (p 0.001) compared to the other general models. The proposed system has the potential to effectively address childhood and adolescent obesity.

5.
Ann Occup Environ Med ; 35: e17, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37928373

RESUMEN

The current 52-hour workweek in South Korea consists of 40 hours of regular work and 12 hours of overtime. Although the average working hours in South Korea is declining, it is still 199 hours longer than the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average of 1,716 hours per year. In view to this, the South Korean government has now proposed to reform the workweek, mainly intending to increase the workweek to 69 hours when the workload is heavy. This reform, by increasing the labor intensity due to long working hours, goes against the global trend of reducing work hours for a safe and healthy working environment. Long working hours can lead to increased cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, industrial accidents, mental health problems, and safety accidents due to lack of concentration. In conclusion, the Korean government's working hour reform plan can have a negative impact on workers' health, and therefore it should be thoroughly reviewed and modified.

6.
Ann Occup Environ Med ; 35: e36, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37701485

RESUMEN

Background: Work-Family Conflict means that the demands of work and family roles cannot be met simultaneously, so one cannot concentrate on one's work or family role. This conflict can negatively affect mental health and cause insomnia symptoms. Methods: This study was conducted on 20,442 subjects. Insomnia symptoms were assessed using the Minimal Insomnia Symptom Scale, and other variables were assessed using the questionnaire method. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of Work-Family Conflict on insomnia symptoms, and subgroup logistic regression analyses were also performed. Results: The number of people with insomnia symptoms was 4,322 (15.1%). Compared with Low Work-Family Conflict, the odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of insomnia symptoms were 1.84 (95% confidence interval: 1.56-2.16) in High work-to-family conflict, 1.16 (1.02-1.32) in High family-to-work conflict, and 3.19 (2.87-3.55) in High Work-Family Conflict. The ORs were higher for men than women in High WFC but higher for women than men in High Work-Family Conflict. Conclusions: The risk of insomnia symptoms was highest in High Work-Family Conflict.

7.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 58(8)2022 Jul 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36013484

RESUMEN

Background and Objectives: The relation of dietary n-6 fatty acid to metabolic syndrome has not been examined and clearly defined. To improve health in the general population, this study was to investigate the role of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in the reduction in metabolic syndrome and to observe changes in the effects of these fatty acids depending on the level of insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized national health and nutrition survey data from 2014 to 2016. From the data, a relation of n-3 and n-6 fatty acid intakes to metabolic syndrome and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)'s role in the relation was evaluated and analyzed for 4852 patients between 40 and 64 years old. Intake frequency of 112 nutrition and daily consumption amounts were identified, and intakes of n-3 and n-4 fatty acids were calculated from this data. Metabolic syndrome was determined for each participant using diagnostic standards for the Asian population published by the National Cholesterol Education Program. Results: Among the total 4852 subjects, 1583 (32.6%) had metabolic syndrome; 736 of 1875 (39.3%) males and 847 of 2977 (28.5%) females had the syndrome. In males, when their HbA1c was low (<5.4%), intakes of both n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were related to a 43−63% decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome with significance, and a similar negative tendency was also observed in females. On the contrary, for both males and females, no statistically significant correlation was present when HbA1c was high. Conclusion: It was considered that consistent and regular dietary intakes of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids may contribute greatly to prevent or treat metabolic syndrome in healthy males with normal insulin sensitivity, but the effect of their dietary intakes was found to be limited in a group with strong insulin resistance. The conclusion of this study presents a valuable reference and knowledge to provide nutritional education to the general population.


Asunto(s)
Resistencia a la Insulina , Síndrome Metabólico , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Dieta , Ácidos Grasos , Ácidos Grasos Omega-6 , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas Nutricionales
8.
Yonsei Med J ; 63(8): 774-782, 2022 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35914760

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: The characteristic topography and climate often affect the occurrence of large-scale wildfires in the Eastern Gangwon-do region of Korea. However, there are no studies on the health effects of these wildfires in Korea. This study aimed to analyze the differences in medical use between a wildfire-affected area and an adjacent non-affected area before and after a wildfire in 2019 in Gangwon-do, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used medical usage data from the Korean National Health Insurance Corporation. Rates of medical use were determined for citizens of a wildfire-affected area in the Eastern Yeongdong region and a non-affected area in the Western Yeongseo region. Logistic regression analysis was performed considering an increase in medical use per individual as a dependent variable; age, sex, income, smoking, drinking, and exercise were included as confounding variables. RESULTS: The odds ratio for medical use in Yeongdong region increased significantly after 3 days, 3 months, and 1 year after a fire occurred, compared with Yeongseo region. CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirmed that the use of medical care increased for residents of a wildfire-affected area, compared with those of an adjacent non-affected area. This is the first study on the relationship between wildfires and inpatient medical use in Korea.


Asunto(s)
Incendios Forestales , Ejercicio Físico , Humanos , Renta , Oportunidad Relativa , Humo/efectos adversos
9.
Saf Health Work ; 13(2): 240-247, 2022 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35664914

RESUMEN

Background: Although insomnia and constipation are highly prevalent worldwide, studies examining a possible association between them are lacking. We examined the relationship between insomnia and constipation in shift workers who have a high prevalence of insomnia and other diseases. Methods: This study had a multicenter cross-sectional design and conducted using health examination data including self-reported questionnaires. In total, 12,879 and 4,650 shift workers were enrolled in Severance Hospital and Wonju Severance Hospital, respectively, during 2015-2017. Multivariate logistic regression models and subgroup analysis were performed in each center with the same protocol, using a common data model. Results: The mean age of the total population was 44.35 (standard deviation = 8.75); the proportion of males was 56.9%. Female sex, being underweight and non-smoker were strongly associated with an increased risk of constipation symptom (p < 0.001). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using ORs of both centers with weights; there was a significant dose-response relationship (sub-threshold 1.76 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62-1.91]; moderate 2.28 [95% CI 2.01-2.60]; severe 4.15 [95% CI 3.18-5.41] in the final model, p for trend < 0.001). Subgroup analysis performed by stratifying sex and pooled ORs showed a similar trend to that of the entire group. Conclusion: We observed a strong correlation between insomnia and constipation in this population. Our findings may help in formulating guidelines and policies to improve quality of life in shift workers through the management of sleep quality and proper bowel function. This study is the first to report this relationship among people working in shifts.

10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35742799

RESUMEN

Diabetes and prediabetes (called abnormal glucose regulation (AGR)) are adverse health effects associated with exposure to pesticides. However, there are few epidemiological studies on the relationship between pesticide use and the incidence of AGR. We examined the causal relationship between pesticide use and AGR incidence in a rural population using data from a Korean Farmers' Cohort study of 1076 participants. Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to calculate the relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the relationship between pesticide exposure and AGR. The incidence of AGR in the pesticide-exposed group was 29.1%. Pesticide use increased the RR of AGR (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03-1.69). We observed a low-dose effect related to exposure of pesticides to AGR and a U-shaped dose-response relationship in men. Pesticide exposure is related to the incidence of AGR, and the causal relationship differs between men and women.


Asunto(s)
Exposición Profesional , Plaguicidas , Agricultura , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Glucosa , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Plaguicidas/toxicidad , Estudios Retrospectivos
11.
J Occup Health ; 64(1): e12336, 2022 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35603412

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: A rest time of less than 11 h taken by a shift worker between shifts is defined as quick return (QR). QR is shown to decrease sleep time by virtue of decreasing rest time, diminishing sleepiness and exhaustion, and increasing the number of sick days taken by employees. Therefore, in this multicenter retrospective study, the association between QR and the incidence of insomnia was established using the night-shift questionnaire from the Korean Workers Health Examination-Common Data Model. METHODS: Three hospitals collected the night-shift profiles and baseline demographic data of 33 669 workers between January 2015 and December 2017. The most recent date of examination was used for participants who had been examined multiple times at the same institution. We used multiple logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The pooled ORs were estimated using combined results from the three institutions. RESULTS: The proportion of men was higher than that of women in the QR group at each institution. The pooled ORs were computed using combined data from the three institutions. Workers who reported a QR had the highest risk of sleeplessness (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.12-1.31) compared to those workers who reported a slow return, after adjusting for possible confounders. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial correlation was established between QR and insomnia using the CDM approach and data from multiple centers. This study may serve as a foundation for developing guidelines to enhance the health of shift workers and prevent occupational accidents.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Sueño del Ritmo Circadiano , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trastornos del Sueño del Ritmo Circadiano/epidemiología , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado
12.
Asia Pac J Public Health ; 34(5): 537-546, 2022 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35392671

RESUMEN

To develop preventive policies to reduce injuries, the responsible factors should be identified. In this study, causative factors were identified by analyzing data from the Korean Community Health Survey. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data of 192 480 individuals in the survey. Correlations were found between the injury experience and the following socioeconomic factors: age, sex, monthly income, smoking status, education, marital status, and neuropsychiatric factors: depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, and stress. The study subjects were divided into two groups based on sleep quality, as determined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Indices of ≤5 or >5. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders revealed a correlation between sleep quality and injury experience. The odds ratio (OR) of poor sleep quality was associated with higher odds of injury (OR: 1.26), and it was also associated with higher odds of severe injury (OR: 1.23), even in the adjustment of socioeconomic factors only as well as in the adjustment of socioeconomic and neuropsychiatric factors. Poor sleep quality was associated with higher odds of several injury mechanisms of severe injury, such as slipping, poisoning, and falling into water.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Sueño , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , República de Corea/epidemiología , Calidad del Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
13.
Front Public Health ; 9: 761279, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34869175

RESUMEN

Objectives: There is a need to determine the optimal limit of consecutive night shift work to reduce insomnia caused by the accumulation of sleep problems among night shift workers. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of insomnia caused by consecutive night shifts and evaluate the night shift duration that worsens insomnia the most, using a large amount of medical examination data. Methods: Night shift profiles and baseline demographics data of three hospitals were collected from January 2015 to December 2017. For subjects who had been examined more than once at the same institution, information corresponding to the most recent date was used. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pooled ORs were calculated by using the results of the three institutions. Results: Of the 33,669 participants, 31.3% were female. The average age was 41.1 ± 11.1 years and the prevalence of insomnia was 38.7% (n = 13,025). After adjusting for potential confounders and compared to workers who reported not working in consecutive night shifts, odds of insomnia were greatest among workers reporting working three consecutive nights (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.97-3.56) followed by those working two nights (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.45-2.26), five nights (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.56-2.03), and four nights (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.55-1.82). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant relationship between consecutive night shift and insomnia with multicenter examination data, using common data model. This study could be a basis for establishing policies and guidelines that improve night shift workers' health.


Asunto(s)
Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño/epidemiología , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado
14.
Ann Occup Environ Med ; 33: e3, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34754464

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Job rotation was introduced in various industries as a strategic form of work for improving workers' job skills and health management. This study aims to examine the relationship between job rotation and work-related low back pain (LBP), one of the typical work-related musculoskeletal symptoms of Korean workers. METHODS: We conducted this study using the data of the 5th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS). As the subject of this study, 27,163 wage workers were selected, and classified into three groups according to occupational type (white-collar, service and sales, and blue-collar). In this study, job rotation means to change the work-related activities with other colleagues periodically and work-related LBP was defined as whether there was work-related LBP in the last 12 months. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between job rotation and work-related LBP. RESULTS: Out of 27,163 workers, 2,421 (8.9%) answered that they had job rotation and 2,281 (8.4%) answered that they experienced work-related LBP. According to the results from logistic regression, job rotation was significantly associated with low prevalence of work-related LBP among blue-collar workers (odds ratio [OR]: 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58-0.88), whereas no significant relationship was observed among white-collar, service and sales groups. In addition, the negative association between job rotation and work-related LBP among blue-collar workers was more pronounced when exposed to ergonomic risk factors (uncomfortable posture OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98; heavy work OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.96; repetitive work OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.92). CONCLUSIONS: Job rotation was associated with low prevalence of work-related LBP among workers in the blue-collar occupational group in Korea. It is necessary to evaluate the effect of job rotation by occupational type and introduce an appropriate method of job rotation to reduce workers' work-related musculoskeletal symptoms.

15.
World J Clin Cases ; 9(6): 1433-1438, 2021 Feb 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33644212

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare autoimmune disease that involves small-to-medium-sized vessels and forms necrotizing vasculitis with granulomatous inflammation. The formation of a large vessel lesion in GPA patients has been scarcely reported, and it can cause confusion in the diagnosis. CASE SUMMARY: A 27-year-old man presented with mild left-sided pleuritic chest pain that started one year prior. An imaging study revealed up to 2.5 cm-sized two irregular nodular consolidation nodule in the left lower lobe. Both nodules showed central necrosis. Also, there was a periaortic mass occluding the branching porting of the subclavian artery. He had positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs), but myeloperoxidase-ANCAs and proteinase 3-ANCAs were negative. The patient also developed symptoms of subclavian vein syndrome during the follow-up. Wedge resection of the lung revealed necrotizing vasculitis, destructive parenchymal abscess and surrounding granuloma, and therefore diagnosed of GPA. The patient started on methotrexate and steroid therapy with a relief of symptomatic. CONCLUSION: Here, we present an unusual manifestation of GPA with periaortitis and consequent subclavian steal syndrome, which has never been previously described. This case alerts us that we should include GPA in the differential diagnosis of large vessel vasculitis as well as subclavian steal syndrome.

16.
Ann Occup Environ Med ; 32: e12, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32528689

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There have been no health-related studies of pre-employed firefighters without firefighter-specific job-related factors (FSJRF). This study aimed to evaluate the sleep quality of pre-employed firefighters and to examine the relationship between sleep quality and psychosocial factors. METHODS: We conducted a self-report questionnaire survey for 602 pre-employed firefighters at 3 Fire Service Academies after brief lecture about sleep. Sleep quality and psychosocial variables such as depression, anxiety, stress and social support were evaluated. The independent 2 sample t-test, χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of the variables on the sleep quality of pre-employed firefighters. RESULTS: Among a total of 602 people, 347 (57.6%) had good sleep quality and 255 (42.4%) had poor sleep quality. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score of them was 3.29 ± 1.41) and 7.87 ± 2.20), respectively. 24 (4.0%) were evaluated to have insomnia by Insomnia Severity Index. Logistic regression analyses showed that the depression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.940, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.124-11.292), anxiety (aOR: 4.233, 95% CI: 2.138-8.381), stress (aOR: 2.880, 95% CI: 1.915-4.330) and social support (aOR: 0.959, 95% CI: 0.939-0.980) have a significant effect on sleep quality after adjusted by sex, age, smoking status, drinking status, caffeine intake, past shift working and circadian rhythm type. CONCLUSIONS: Depression, anxiety, stress and social support were associated with sleep quality among pre-employed firefighters. Repeated follow-up studies of pre-employed firefighters are needed to further assess their change of sleep quality and identify the FSJRF that may affect the sleep quality of firefighters.

17.
PLoS One ; 15(5): e0232531, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32357160

RESUMEN

Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammation in systemic vessels, and pesticide exposure has been emerging as its risk factor. This cross-sectional study investigated the association between pesticide exposure and the risk of atherosclerosis in a rural population in Korea using carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). This study used dataset from the baseline survey of the Korea Farmers Cohort Study between November 2005 and January 2008, and the final analysis included 477 participants. Well-structured questionnaires were used to estimate pesticide exposure. CIMT ≥ 0.9 mm was established for carotid atherosclerosis. Multiple logistic regression analyses were undertaken to evaluate the association between pesticide exposure and atherosclerosis, adjusting demographic and health-related confounders. Even after adjustments, the increased risk of atherosclerosis was significantly associated with pesticide exposure, such as a lifetime history of farming (odds ratio [OR] 3.25 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51-6.98), a history of using pesticide (OR 3.42 95% CI 1.63-7.16), using pesticide 10 times or more annually (OR 2.55 95% CI 1.21-5.39), and higher cumulative exposure index level (OR 3.63 95% CI 1.65-7.97). Further prospective studies are required to elucidate effects of pesticide exposure on the risk of atherosclerosis.


Asunto(s)
Aterosclerosis/epidemiología , Aterosclerosis/etiología , Plaguicidas/toxicidad , Adulto , Anciano , Agricultura , Grosor Intima-Media Carotídeo , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Estudios Prospectivos , República de Corea/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
18.
PLoS One ; 15(2): e0228738, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32053672

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Premorbid undernutrition has been proven to have an adverse effect on the prognosis of stroke patients. The evaluation of nutritional status is important, but there is no universally accepted screen methodology. PURPOSE: We aimed to use the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for evaluating the effect of premorbid undernutrition on short-term outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS: A total of 1,906 patients were included for analysis. Baseline characteristics were collected. We evaluated the nutritional status of the patients using the GNRI and body mass index(BMI). The GNRI was calculated as {1.519×serum albumin(g/dL) + 41.7×present weight (kg)/ideal body weight (kg)}. All patients were categorized into four groups on the basis of the GNRI score. RESULTS: Among the included patients, 546 patients had an unfavorable outcomes. The proportion of patients with moderate and severe risk, assessed in GNRI, was significantly higher in the unfavorable outcome group compared to the favorable outcome group (33.3% vs 15.0%). The increased risk of premorbid undernutrition was associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcome in a dose-response manner after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that GNRI was associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. GNRI may be used to screen patients at high risk for unfavorable outcome.


Asunto(s)
Evaluación Geriátrica , Desnutrición/diagnóstico , Estado Nutricional , Accidente Cerebrovascular/patología , Enfermedad Aguda , Anciano , Área Bajo la Curva , Automatización , Índice de Masa Corporal , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Desnutrición/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Curva ROC , Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Albúmina Sérica/análisis , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones
19.
Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) ; 83(1): 31-41, 2020 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31905430

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Chronic cough is defined as a cough lasting more than 8 weeks and socio-economic burden of chronic cough is enormous. The characteristics of chronic cough in Korea are not well understood. The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (KATRD) published guidelines on cough management in 2014. The current study evaluated the clinical characteristics of chronic cough in Korea and the efficacy of the KATRD guidelines. METHODS: This was a multi-center, retrospective observational study conducted in Korea. The participants were over 18 years of age. They had coughs lasting more than 8 weeks. Subjects with current pulmonary diseases, smokers, ex-smokers with more than 10 pack-years or who quit within the past 1 year, pregnant women, and users of cough-inducing medications were excluded. Evaluation and management of cough followed the KATRD cough-management guidelines. RESULTS: Participants with chronic cough in Korea showed age in the late forties and cough duration of more than 1 year. Upper airway cough syndrome was the most common cause of cough, followed by cough-variant asthma (CVA). Gastro-esophageal reflux diseases and eosinophilic bronchitis were less frequently observed. Following the KATRD cough-management guidelines, 91.2% of the subjects improved after 4 weeks of treatment. Responders were younger, had a longer duration of cough, and an initial impression of CVA. In univariate and multivariate analyses, an initial impression of CVA was the only factor related to better treatment response. CONCLUSION: The causes of chronic cough in Korea differed from those reported in other countries. The current Korean guidelines proved efficient for treating Korean patients with chronic cough.

20.
Ann Occup Environ Med ; 31: e15, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31583106

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Shift work has well-known adverse effects on health. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between shift work and hepatic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work and abnormal level of liver enzymes. METHODS: The aggregated data from the 2007-2009, 2010-2012, and 2013-2015 cycles of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used for this study. The χ2 test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to assess relationship between shift work and abnormal level of liver enzymes stratified by gender. RESULTS: The odds ratio (OR) of abnormal serum level of alanine aminotransferase (abnormal ALT) in female shift workers was higher with 1.31 (95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.71) compared with day workers after adjusting for covariates. After dividing into subgroups of the shift work pattern, the ORs of abnormal liver enzymes for each pattern compared with day work were not significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides limited support for the hypothesis that shift work is related to liver enzyme abnormalities, but offers some evidence in favor of the idea that shift work affects female workers more than males on abnormal ALT. Further studies are needed to define the relationship between shift work and abnormal liver enzymes to be carried out as well as the gender difference in the association.

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