RESUMEN
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by skin inflammation, itching, and redness. Although various treatments can alleviate symptoms, they often come with side effects, highlighting the need for new treatments. Here, we discovered a new peptide-based therapy using the intra-dermal delivery technology (IDDT) platform developed by Remedi Co., Ltd (REMEDI). The platform screens and identifies peptides derived from proteins in the human body that possess cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) properties. We screened over 1000-peptides and identified several derived from the Speckled protein (SP) family that have excellent CPP properties and have anti-inflammatory effects. We assessed these peptides for their potential as a treatment for atopic dermatitis. Among them, the RMSP1 peptide showed the most potent anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways while possessing CPP properties. To further improve efficacy and stability, we developed a palmitoylated version called Pal-RMSP1. Formulation studies using liposomes (Pal-RMSP1 LP) and micelles (Pal-RMSP1 DP) demonstrated improved anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and enhanced therapeutic effects in vivo. Our study indicates that nano-formulated Pal-RMSP1 could have the potential to become a new treatment option for atopic dermatitis.
Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Atópica , Nanopartículas , Humanos , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Péptidos/farmacología , Péptidos/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Anti-pigmentation peptides have been developed as alternative skin-lightening agents to replace conventional chemicals that have adverse effects on the skin. However, the maximum size of these peptides is often limited by their low skin and cell penetration. To address this issue, we used our intra-dermal delivery technology (IDDT) platform to identify peptides with hypo-pigmenting and high cell-penetrating activity. Using our cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) from the IDDT platform, we identified RMNE1 and its derivative RMNE3, "DualPep-Shine", which showed levels of α-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin inhibition comparable to the conventional tyrosinase inhibitor, Kojic acid. In addition, DualPep-Shine was delivered into the nucleus and regulated the gene expression levels of melanogenic enzymes by inhibiting the promoter activity of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor-M (MITF-M). Using a 3D human skin model, we found that DualPep-Shine penetrated the lower region of the epidermis and reduced the melanin content in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, DualPep-Shine showed high safety with little immunogenicity, indicating its potential as a novel cosmeceutical ingredient and anti-pigmentation therapeutic agent.
Asunto(s)
Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico , Péptidos de Penetración Celular , Melaninas , Melanocitos , Factor de Transcripción Asociado a Microftalmía , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso , Preparaciones para Aclaramiento de la Piel , Pigmentación de la Piel , Transcripción Genética , Melaninas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Pigmentación de la Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Transcripción Asociado a Microftalmía/genética , Transcripción Genética/efectos de los fármacos , alfa-MSH/antagonistas & inhibidores , alfa-MSH/metabolismo , Humanos , Péptidos de Penetración Celular/química , Péptidos de Penetración Celular/farmacología , Preparaciones para Aclaramiento de la Piel/química , Preparaciones para Aclaramiento de la Piel/farmacología , Melanoma Experimental , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/química , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/farmacología , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/química , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/farmacología , Queratinocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Queratinocitos/metabolismo , Melanocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Melanocitos/metabolismo , Epidermis/efectos de los fármacos , Epidermis/metabolismoRESUMEN
This paper presents the results of measurements from simultaneous human exposure to various radiofrequency (RF) signals at densely populated areas. Measurements were performed at 1260 positions across Korea to determine exposure compliance to electromagnetic fields for the general public. The measured exposure levels were very low compared with the international exposure guidelines and Korean human protection notice. The highest total exposure ratio was 5.1 × 10(-3) (approximately 7.1% of guideline limits).
Asunto(s)
Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/estadística & datos numéricos , Densidad de Población , Ondas de Radio , Tecnología Inalámbrica/instrumentación , Tecnología Inalámbrica/estadística & datos numéricos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Humanos , Ondas de Radio/efectos adversos , República de CoreaRESUMEN
Two types of artificial reefs, one for simple (S-AR), another for complex artificial reef (C-AR), were installed on a Korean coast of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) where a barren ground was progressive. Compared with macrobenthic organisms at NHB (natural hard bottom) control, AR (artificial reef) enhanced seaweed composition, reducing echinoderm composition, mostly sea urchins, the causative animal of the barren ground. Composition of the two mutually exclusive communities was AR type-specific, the C-AR exerting betterfunction over S-AR by enhancing higher seaweed composition. However this ecosystem-sound composition at C-AR was maintained only within 10 years. Another negative aspect of the AR was an unexpectedly higher composition of tunicates that canbe a sign of nutrient-rich environment in the Korean waters. Overall, CAR was more agreeable when simply based on its function excluding construction cost.
