Internal compression therapy, a novel method in the treatment of deep venous insufficiency: 18-month clinical results.

OBJECTIVE: To present 18-month clinical results for internal compression therapy (ICT) applied percutaneously and as a novel method in the treatment of primary deep venous insufficiency. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirty patients diagnosed with isolated primary femoral vein (FV) insufficiency between October 2017 and February 2018 were included in the study. Pre-procedural femoral vein diameters and reflux durations were measured. CEAP classification and Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) were recorded. Pre-procedural CEAP classifications were CEAP 4 in nine patients and CEAP 3 in 21. Quality of life assessments were carried out using a Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire (CIVIQ-2). FV diameters were then reduced, and valve coaptation was established with the percutaneous application of hyaluronic acid and cyanoacrylate injected adjacent to a valve with non coapting leaflets. Venous diameters and reflux duration were again measured immediately after the procedure. Patients were followed-up at months 1, 6, and 18, at which times all parameters were re-evaluated. RESULTS: Eighteen of the 30 patients were women, and 12 were men. The mean duration of the procedure was 22.7 ± 2.9 (20-30) min. Patients' FV diameters were 12.8 (11-14.7) mm before the procedure, 9.9 (9-11.5) mm immediately after, and also 9.9 (9-11.2) mm after 1.5 years (p < 0.001). Pre-procedural reflux duration ranged between 2 and 6 (median: 3) sec, and no reflux was observed in any patient immediately or one month after the procedure (p < 0.001). At 18-month follow-up, reflux lasting only 1 sec was determined in two patients. VCSS scores were 11 (10-12) pre-procedurally and 6 (4-9) at 18 months (p < 0.001). Venous Quality of Life scores were 32 (30-36) before the procedure and 18 (14-24) at 18 months (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Preliminary investigation of the injection of cyanoacrylate and hyaluronic acid around one valve in an incompetent FV can result in improved hemodynamics, CEAP, VCSS and patient QOL at 18 months, without complications.

A New Method Involving Percutaneous Application in the Treatment of Deep Venous Insufficiency: An Experimental Study With Internal Compression Therapy in a Porcine Model.

INTRODUCTION: To study the efficiency of internal compression therapy (ICT), a new and promising method of treatment for deep venous insufficiency, how that efficiency is achieved, and its potential side-effects, in a porcine model. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The femoral vein diameters of 4 pigs were first measured. ICT was then applied such as to reduce the diameter of these veins by 50%. The femoral vein diameters of 2 pigs were re-measured after 1 month. The femoral vein and its surrounding tissue were excised for immunohistopathological and genetic examination. The same procedures were applied to the remaining 2 pigs 3 months subsequently. Collagen I and IV immunohistochemical staining and Masson's trichrome and Alcian blue histochemical staining were applied during immunohistopathological examination. Collagen I, III, and IV and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA expressions were examined for genetic examination. RESULTS: The femoral vein diameters decreased by approximately 50% after ICT application. This decrease persisted after the first and third months. Histopathological examination revealed loose connective tissue around the venous tissue after the operation, particularly in the third month, together with perivascular fibrosis and increased collagen in connective tissue. No difference was observed between regions with and without ICT application in terms of mucinous degeneration, an indicator of tissue injury, during Alcian blue staining. Genetic examination revealed an increase in collagen I and IV and CTGF mRNA expression in perivascular tissue resulting from ICT application. CONCLUSION: ICT is effective both in terms of creating a durable tissue around the vein and of increasing collagen tissue and stimulating fibrosis, and has no deleterious side-effects on tissue.

Usefulness of Radial Artery as a Carotid Artery Patch in Simultaneous Carotid Endarterectomy and Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Operation with Complete Arterial Revascularization.

BACKGROUND: Serious coronary artery diseases including left main coronary artery disease, proximal left anterior descending artery disease, and three-vessel coronary artery disease with carotid artery stenosis are required simultaneous operations. By using complete arterial revascularization technique for coronary artery bypass graft operation, radial artery can be used safely as a patch material for carotid endarterectomy in combined surgery. METHODS: Between 2016 and 2018, 14 patients who had serious coronary artery disease with the stenosis of unilateral carotid artery equal/over 70% were included in the study. Complete arterial revascularization was performed in all patients and radial artery was used as a patch material in carotid endarterectomy. RESULTS: All patients were discharged without any complication and carotid artery colored Doppler ultrasound was performed to the patients in the 3rd months, 6th months, and first year of the operation. There was no restenosis detected. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, radial artery is useable for carotid patch angioplasty in patients who underwent simultaneous carotid endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft operation with complete arterial revascularization. Further studies including a large number of patients are needed to examine the long-term patency of this graft.

Comparison of the operative and postoperative effects of del Nido and blood cardioplegia solutions in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to compare the operative and postoperative effects of del Nido cardioplegia (DN group) and blood cardioplegia (BC group) performed in cardiac surgery. METHODS: A total of 83 patients were included, separated into DN group and BC group. The operative and postoperative effects of the two groups were compared for the first 24 hours until extubation. The operative and postoperative complete blood count (CBC), biochemical values and clinical parameters were compared. RESULTS: The first control activated clotting time (ACT) levels in DN group patients were lower (P=0.003) during the operation. The amount of cardioplegia in DN group were lower than that in BC group (P=0.001). The pump outflow and postoperative lactate level of DN group were lower than those of BC group (P=0.005, P=0.018, respectively), as well as the amounts of NaHCO3 (P=0.006) and KCl (P=0.001) used during the operation. The same occurred with the first monocytes (Mo) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels in the postoperative intensive care unit (P=0.006, P=0.002). However, the first glucose level and the eosinophil (Eo) level were higher in DN group (P=0.011, P=0.047, respectively). CONCLUSION: In the operative evaluation, the amount of cardioplegia, the first ACT levels, the pump outflow lactate level and the amounts of NaHCO3 and KCl in DN group were lower. In postoperative evaluation, measured level of lactate, Mo and MCV in DN group were all lower; their glucose and Eo levels were higher.

Comparison of the operative and postoperative effects of del Nido and blood cardioplegia solutions in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery

Abstract Objective: Our goal was to compare the operative and postoperative effects of del Nido cardioplegia (DN group) and blood cardioplegia (BC group) performed in cardiac surgery. Methods: A total of 83 patients were included, separated into DN group and BC group. The operative and postoperative effects of the two groups were compared for the first 24 hours until extubation. The operative and postoperative complete blood count (CBC), biochemical values and clinical parameters were compared. Results: The first control activated clotting time (ACT) levels in DN group patients were lower (P=0.003) during the operation. The amount of cardioplegia in DN group were lower than that in BC group (P=0.001). The pump outflow and postoperative lactate level of DN group were lower than those of BC group (P=0.005, P=0.018, respectively), as well as the amounts of NaHCO3 (P=0.006) and KCl (P=0.001) used during the operation. The same occurred with the first monocytes (Mo) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels in the postoperative intensive care unit (P=0.006, P=0.002). However, the first glucose level and the eosinophil (Eo) level were higher in DN group (P=0.011, P=0.047, respectively). Conclusion: In the operative evaluation, the amount of cardioplegia, the first ACT levels, the pump outflow lactate level and the amounts of NaHCO3 and KCl in DN group were lower. In postoperative evaluation, measured level of lactate, Mo and MCV in DN group were all lower; their glucose and Eo levels were higher.

Protective Effects of Adrenomedullin on Rat Cerebral Tissue After Transient Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion and Reperfusion.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the protective effect of adrenomedullin (ADM) on cerebral tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=8). In the I/R Group, bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped for 30 minutes and, subsequently, reperfused for 120 minutes. In the ADM Group, rats received 12 µg/kg of ADM. In the I/R+ADM Group, bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped for 30 minutes and, subsequently, the rats received 12 µg/ kg of ADM. Then, reperfusion was performed for 120 minutes. The Control Group underwent no procedure. Blood and brain tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed. Brain tissue was evaluated histopathologically and neuronal cells were counted in five different fields, at a magnification of ×400. RESULTS: Brain MDA in I/R Group was significantly higher than in ADM Group. Brain GPx and SOD in I/R+ADM Group were significantly higher than in I/R Group. The number of neurons was decreased in I/R Group compared to the Control Group. The number of neurons in I/R+ADM Group was significantly higher than in I/R Group, and lower than in Control Group. Apoptotic changes decreased significantly in I/R+ADM Group and the cell structure was similar in morphology compared to the Control Group. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the cerebral protective effect of ADM in the rat model of cerebral I/R injury after bilateral carotid artery occlusion.

Protective effects of adrenomedullin on rat cerebral tissue after transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion

Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate the protective effect of adrenomedullin (ADM) on cerebral tissue of rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n=8). In the I/R Group, bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped for 30 minutes and, subsequently, reperfused for 120 minutes. In the ADM Group, rats received 12 µg/kg of ADM. In the I/R+ADM Group, bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped for 30 minutes and, subsequently, the rats received 12 µg/ kg of ADM. Then, reperfusion was performed for 120 minutes. The Control Group underwent no procedure. Blood and brain tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed. Brain tissue was evaluated histopathologically and neuronal cells were counted in five different fields, at a magnification of ×400. Results: Brain MDA in I/R Group was significantly higher than in ADM Group. Brain GPx and SOD in I/R+ADM Group were significantly higher than in I/R Group. The number of neurons was decreased in I/R Group compared to the Control Group. The number of neurons in I/R+ADM Group was significantly higher than in I/R Group, and lower than in Control Group. Apoptotic changes decreased significantly in I/R+ADM Group and the cell structure was similar in morphology compared to the Control Group. Conclusion: We demonstrated the cerebral protective effect of ADM in the rat model of cerebral I/R injury after bilateral carotid artery occlusion.

Evaluation of the cardioprotective effects of crystalloid del Nido cardioplegia solution via a rapid and accurate cardiac marker: heart-type fatty acid-binding protein

Background/aim: Our aim in this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of crystalloid del Nido solution and cold blood cardioplegia solution on clinical and laboratory parameters. Materials and methods: Sixty patients who underwent elective coronary bypass operation between July 2019 and January 2020 were included in our study. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients using del Nido solution (DNS) and cold blood cardioplegia solution (CBCS), which were given for cardiac arrest. Demographic data, preoperative, postoperative 0th h, 6th h and 4th day creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) and troponin I values were compared with a specific cardiac enzyme heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). Results: We found that aortic cross clamp duration and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time were shorter in patients using del Nido solution than cold blood cardioplegia solution (57.30 ± 23.57 min, 76.07 ± 27.18 min, P = 0.006) (95.07 ± 23.06 min, 114.13 ± 33.93, P = 0.014). Total cardioplegia solution volume was higher in the cold blood cardioplegia solution group (1426.67 ± 416.00 vs. 1200 ± 310.73 P = 0.02). Preoperative and postoperative levels of cardiac enzymes including CK-MB, troponin I and H-FABP were comparable in del Nido solution and cold blood cardioplegia solution groups. Conclusion: According to these results, when we compare both demographic data and CK-MB, troponin I and H-FABP levels, both cardioplegia solutions were comparable regarding safety and efficacy in terms of myocardial protection.

Mid-term results in the treatment of varicose veins with N-butyl cyanoacrylate.

Aim To present mid-term results of patients with varicose veins treated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®), a nontumescent endovenous ablation technique. Patients and method Endovenous ablation was performed on 180 patients with saphenous vein incompetence between May and October 2014. One hundred sixty-eight subjects capable of being followed-up for 30 months were included. Patients' pre- and postoperative data were recorded. Results Procedures were performed on the great saphenous vein in 159 patients and on the small saphenous vein in nine patients. Saphenous vein diameters ranged between 5.5 mm and 14 mm. Full ablation was achieved in all patients following the procedure. No complications were encountered. Patients were monitored for 30 months. Ablation rates were 100% at the 3rd month, 98.3% at the 6th month, 96.6% at 1 year, and 94.1% at 30 months. Mean venous clinical severity score was 10.2 before procedures, decreasing to 3.9 at 3 months, 4.2 at 6 months, 2.9 at 12 months, and 2.7 at 30 months ( p = 0.000). Conclusion Due to its high success rate, absence of complications, no tumescent anesthesia requirement and high patient satisfaction, endovenous ablation with N-butyl cyanoacrylate is a good method. However, long-term follow-up results are now needed.

Effects of Ramadan fasting on body composition and arterial stiffness.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on body composition, arterial stiffness and resting heart rate. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey, during Ramadan 2015, and comprised overweight and obese males. Body composition, arterial stiffness and echocardiography were assessed before and after Ramadan. Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis using segmental body composition analyser. Arterial stiffness and haemodynamic parameters were also measured. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Of the 100 subjects enrolled, 70(70%) were included. The overall mean age was 37±7 years. No significant changes were observed in blood pressures, resting heart rate, aortic pulse wave velocity, aortic augmentation index-75, aortic pulse pressure, brachial pulse pressure, basal metabolic rate, total body water, fat-free mass, and echocardiographic parameters (p>0.05 each). Although aortic pulse wave velocity (m/s) and augmentation index-75 (%) decreased after fasting period compared to that of before Ramadan, these reductions did not reach statistically significant levels (8.6±1.8 vs. 8.9±1.9, and 13.6±6.6 vs. 14.7±9.3, respectively; p>0.05 each). Body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body water rate, percentage of body fat mass, body fat mass, and visceral fat mass percentage were significantly reduced (p<0.05 each) after Ramadan. CONCLUSIONS: Ramadan fasting had beneficial effects on body composition, but did not have any significant effect on arterial stiffness and resting heart rate.

Intraperitoneal administration of silymarin protects end organs from multivisceral ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model

Abstract Objective: To determine whether intraperitoneal silymarin administration has favorable effects on the heart, lungs, kidney, and liver and on oxidative stress in a rat model of supraceliac aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into three groups: sham, control, and silymarin. The control and silymarin groups underwent supraceliac aortic occlusion for 45 min, followed by a 60 min period of reperfusion under terminal anesthesia. In the silymarin group, silymarin was administered intraperitoneally during ischemia at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Rats were euthanized using terminal anesthesia, and blood was collected from the inferior vena cava for total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status, and oxidative stress index measurement. Lungs, heart, liver and kidney tissues were histologically examined. Results: Ischemia/reperfusion injury significantly increased histopathological damage as well as the total oxidative status and oxidative stress index levels in the blood samples. The silymarin group incurred significantly lesser damage to the lungs, liver and kidneys than the control group, while no differences were observed in the myocardium. Furthermore, the silymarin group had significantly lower total oxidative status and oxidative stress index levels than the control group. Conclusion: Intraperitoneal administration of silymarin reduces oxidative stress and protects the liver, kidney, and lungs from acute supraceliac abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat model.

Relationship Between Echocardiographically Evaluated Aortic Stiffness and Prolidase Activity in Aortic Tissue of Patients with Critical Coronary Artery Disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between echocardiographically evaluated aortic stiffness and prolidase activity in aortic tissue of patients with critical coronary occlusion. METHODS: Thirty six patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) scheduled for CABG and 30 control patients with no CAD proven angiographically were enrolled in this study. Plasma prolidase activities were quantified spectrophotometrically. During performance of the proximal anastomoses in the study group, a piece of aortic tissue was taken by punch and tissue prolidase activity was quantified spectrophotometrically and also evaluated pathologically by prolidase immunostaining. Eventually, the correlation of plasma prolidase activity, aortic tissue prolidase activity and aortic prolidase immunohistochemical staining with aortic stiffness was studied. RESULTS: The correlation of aortic stiffness with aortic tissue prolidase activity (rs = 0.364; p = 0.029) and aortic prolidase immunohistochemical staining (rs = 0.354; p = 0.034) was significant in the study group. However, the correlation of plasma prolidase activity with aortic stiffness was not statistically significant (rs = 0.083; p = 0.292). Linear regression analysis showed that the aortic stiffness ß index was significantly associated with aortic tissue prolidase activity (ß = 0.354; p = 0.034) and statin usage (ß = -0.334; 0.047) in the study group. Regression analysis revealed that ATPA and statin use were predictors of aortic stiffness, and API+ was found to be the predictor for ATPA (ß = 0.449; p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Aortic tissue prolidase activity was more significant than plasma prolidase activity and aortic tissue prolidase immunohistochemical staining in the relationship with aortic stiffness in the critical CAD group.

High aortic pulse-wave velocity may be responsible for elevated red blood cell distribution width in overweight and obese people: a community-based, cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Obesity and overweight are risk factors for atherosclerosis. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with subclinical cardiac diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RDW and aortic stiffness in overweight or obese subjects. METHODS: A total of 101 overweight or obese subjects without overt cardiovascular disorders, and 48 healthy controls were enrolled. RDW, aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index 75 (Aix75) were evaluated. The case subjects were divided into two sub-groups according to PWV values; ≥ 10 m/s in group I, and < 10 m/s in group II. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses (stepwise) were performed. RESULTS: RDW and PWV were considerably increased in the case groups compared with the controls. RDW was significantly increased in group I compared with group II and the controls [median 12.0 m/s, interquartile range (IQR): 10.5-17.5; median 11.7 m/s, IQR: 10.2-14.2, and median 11.4 m/s, IQR: 9.6-15.5, p < 0.05, respectively]. Resting heart rate and age were higher in group I than group II (81 ± 11 vs 74 ± 12 beats/min and 41 ± 120 vs 36 ± 9 years, respectively, p < 0.05). Regression analyses revealed that while log-RDW, age and resting heart rate were independent predictors for aortic PWV, log-RDW was the most important predictor in the final model. CONCLUSIONS: RDW, resting heart rate and age independently predicted arterial stiffness, and RDW may be useful to provide an early recognition of subclinical atherosclerosis in overweight and obese individuals.

Intraperitoneal Administration of Silymarin Protects End Organs from Multivisceral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model.

Objective: To determine whether intraperitoneal silymarin administration has favorable effects on the heart, lungs, kidney, and liver and on oxidative stress in a rat model of supraceliac aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into three groups: sham, control, and silymarin. The control and silymarin groups underwent supraceliac aortic occlusion for 45 min, followed by a 60 min period of reperfusion under terminal anesthesia. In the silymarin group, silymarin was administered intraperitoneally during ischemia at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Rats were euthanized using terminal anesthesia, and blood was collected from the inferior vena cava for total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status, and oxidative stress index measurement. Lungs, heart, liver and kidney tissues were histologically examined. Results: Ischemia/reperfusion injury significantly increased histopathological damage as well as the total oxidative status and oxidative stress index levels in the blood samples. The silymarin group incurred significantly lesser damage to the lungs, liver and kidneys than the control group, while no differences were observed in the myocardium. Furthermore, the silymarin group had significantly lower total oxidative status and oxidative stress index levels than the control group. Conclusion: Intraperitoneal administration of silymarin reduces oxidative stress and protects the liver, kidney, and lungs from acute supraceliac abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat model.

Thymoquinone protects end organs from abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model.

INTRODUCTION: Previous studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs like lungs, kidneys and liver in different experimental models. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has favorable effects on lung, renal, heart tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham (n=10), control (n=10) and thymoquinone (TQ) treatment group (n=10). Control and TQ-treatment groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 45 minutes followed by a 120-min period of reperfusion. In the TQ-treatment group, thymoquinone was given 5 minutes. before reperfusion at a dose of 20 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured and lung, kidney, and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. RESULTS: Total oxidative status and oxidative stress index activity in blood samples were statistically higher in the control group compared to the sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for TOS and OSI). Control group injury scores were statistically higher compared to sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for all comparisons). CONCLUSION: Thymoquinone administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion rat model.

Thymoquinone protects end organs from abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model / Timoquinona protege órgãos terminais da isquemia/reperfusão da aorta abdominal em modelo com ratos

Introduction: Previous studies have demonstrated that thymoquinone has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs like lungs, kidneys and liver in different experimental models. Objective: We aimed to determine whether thymoquinone has favorable effects on lung, renal, heart tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham (n=10), control (n=10) and thymoquinone (TQ) treatment group (n=10). Control and TQ-treatment groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 45 minutes followed by a 120-min period of reperfusion. In the TQ-treatment group, thymoquinone was given 5 minutes. before reperfusion at a dose of 20 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity, total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured and lung, kidney, and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. Results: Total oxidative status and oxidative stress index activity in blood samples were statistically higher in the control group compared to the sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for TOS and OSI). Control group injury scores were statistically higher compared to sham and TQ-treatment groups (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Conclusion: Thymoquinone administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion rat model. .

Introdução: Estudos prévios demonstraram que a timoquinona tem efeitos protetores contra a lesão de isquemia/reperfusão em vários órgãos como pulmão, rins e fígado em diferentes modelos experimentais. Objetivo: Determinar se timoquinona tem efeitos positivos em tecidos do pulmão, rim e coração e no estresse oxidativo em lesão de isquemia/perfusão da aorta abdominal. Métodos: Trinta ratos foram divididos em três grupos: sham (n=10), controle (n=10) e tratamento com timoquinona (TQ) (n=10). Os grupos controle e de tratamento com TQ foram submetidos à isquemia da aorta abdominal durante 45 minutos, seguido por um período de 120 minutos de reperfusão. No grupo de tratamento com TQ, a timoquinona foi administrada 5 minutos antes da reperfusão, dose de 20 mg/kg através da via intraperitoneal. A capacidade total antioxidante, estado oxidativo total (TOS) e o índice de estresse oxidativo (OSI) no soro do sangue foram medidos, e a histopatologia dos tecidos do pulmão, rim e coração foram avaliados com microscopia de luz. Resultados: Estado oxidativo e índice de estresse oxidativo total em amostras de sangue foram estatisticamente mais altos no grupo controle em relação aos grupos sham e tratamento com TQ (P<0,001 para TOS e OSI). Escores de lesões no grupo controle foram estatisticamente mais altos em relação aos grupos sham e tratamento com TQ (P<0,001 para todas as comparações). Conclusão: A timoquinona administrada por via intraperitoneal foi eficaz na redução do estresse oxidativo e lesão histopatológica em modelo de rato de isquemia/reperfusão aguda da aorta abdominal. .

Intraperitoneal curcumin decreased lung, renal and heart injury in abdominal aorta ischemia/reperfusion model in rat.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin (CUR) has protective effects against ischemia reperfusion injury to various organs. We aimed to determine whether CUR has favorable effects on tissues and oxidative stress in abdominal aorta ischemia-reperfusion injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty rats were divided into three groups as sham, control and treatment (CUR) group. Control and CUR groups underwent abdominal aorta ischemia for 60 min followed by a 120 min period of reperfusion. In the CUR group, CUR was given 5 min before reperfusion at a dose of 200 mg/kg via an intraperitoneal route. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) in blood serum were measured, and lung, renal and heart tissue histopathology were evaluated with light microscopy. RESULTS: TOS and OSI activity in blood samples were statistically decreased in sham and CUR groups compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for TOS and OSI). Renal, lung, heart injury scores of sham and CUR groups were statistically decreased compared to control group (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Histopathological examination revealed less severe lesions in CUR group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: CUR administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing oxidative stress and histopathologic injury in an acute abdominal aorta I/R rat model.

Acute cardiac tamponade due to spontaneous bleeding in a child with haemophilia A.

In severe haemophilia A, patients, start from the first years of life, with spontaneous bleeding and require transfusion. However, cardiac tamponade due to spontaneous pericardial bleeding is rare. An 11-year-old boy receiving haemophilia A treatment was referred to the Department of Paediatric Haematology with pneumonia, fever, dyspnoea, and palpitation. In his PA chest radiograph, pneumonic infiltration in the right lung and enlargement in the pericardial area were found. On his echocardiograph, pericardial effusion reaching 3.9 cm and other findings of tamponade were detected. APTT was outside the measurable range. It was deranged to > 120 seconds. The patient received 1000 U of factor VIII intravenously. A pericardial window was made via left anterior mini thoracotomy due to fluid drained. In his control echocardiograph taken after one month, no pathology was found. At 50th day, the patient showed left pleural serohaemorrhagic effusion, which was treated with tube thoracostomy. In haemophilia A patients, either pericardiocentesis or subxiphoid pericardial drainage or pericardial window creation via thoracotomy may be applied, depending on the primary pathology. In paediatric cases, pericardial window creation via mini thoracotomy can be an alternative treatment of choice considering complications such as recurring bleeding and effusion during pericardiocentesis.