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Background: To evaluate the association between stress and periodontitis in different professional college students. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted in 360 professional college students which includes Medical, Dental, Pharmacy, Nursing, Engineering, and Chartered Accountancy. From each group, 60 students were included in the study. Self-reported Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale questionnaire was given to all the students and clinical examination was conducted in all the participants to assess the Oral hygiene index - simplified (OHI-S), clinical attachment level (CAL), and Gingival Index Simplified (GI-S). Statistical Analysis: Statistics was performed using the ANOVA test, post hoc test, and Pearson correlation test to compare the psychological parameter of stress with periodontal parameters among six groups of students. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: Group I showed higher mean stress scores (10.78 ± 0.76) compared to other groups. The mean OHI-S (1.61 ± 0.15), mean CAL (3.68 ± 0.79), and mean GI-S (1.43 ± 0.15) scores also increased with elevated stress levels among medical students. Followed by Group VI and Group II showed almost similar results. Conclusion: The present study showed strong association between stress and periodontal disease and have an adverse effect over oral hygiene factors among the students.
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The emerging (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health disaster, caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The disease spreads at an alarming rate all over the world and presents a range of disease manifestations including asymptomatic, mild, moderate and severe symptoms irrespective of age groups. Most patients with severe symptoms exhibit underlying comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Alternatively, there is an existing evidence for an association between oral health and nonoral systemic diseases. Since the oral cavity is a significant pool for many respiratory pathogens, patients with oral infections are more likely to develop pneumonia as a complication. Therefore, we emphasize that the oral hygiene status has a great impact on the recession and progression of oropharyngeal and respiratory diseases.
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Fabrication of dentures aided with implants has become a preferred treatment option for rehabilitation of completely and partially edentulous patients when durability is concerned. Simulation to natural teeth in terms of esthetics and to a greater extent in function can be considered as key elements in the raise of implant dentistry worldwide. Despite its high success rate, therapy with osseointegrated dental implants is not free of complications. Implant failure can occur for other reasons, with implant fracture being one of the major reasons for late failure. Although the incidence of implant fractures may be low, it invariably effects the patient and also clinician. Thus, sound evidence based knowledge of cause of fracture is mandatory for that careful treatment that can reduce the incidence of fracture helping in a better treatment plan. The aim of this review is to enlighten the various causes of implant fracture.
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The potential use of stem cell based therapies for the repair and regeneration of various tissues offers a paradigm shift that may provide alternative therapeutic solutions for a number of diseases. The use of either embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells in clinical situations is limited due to cell regulations and to technical and ethical considerations involved in genetic manipulation of human ESCs, even though these cells are highly beneficial. Mesenchymal stem cells seen to be an ideal population of stem cells in particular, Adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) which can be obtained in large number and easily harvested from adipose tissue. It is ubiquitously available and has several advantages compared to other sources as easily accessible in large quantities with minimal invasive harvesting procedure, and isolation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells yield a high amount of stem cells which is essential for stem cell based therapies and tissue engineering. Recently, periodontal tissue regeneration using ASCs has been examined in some animal models. This method has potential in the regeneration of functional periodontal tissues because various secreted growth factors from ASCs might not only promote the regeneration of periodontal tissues but also encourage neovascularization of the damaged tissues. This review summarizes the sources, isolation and characteristics of adipose derived stem cells and its potential role in periodontal regeneration is discussed.
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Neutrophils are the first line of innate immune defense against infectious diseases. Since their discovery, they have always been considered tissue-destructive cells responsible for inflammatory tissue damage occurring during infections. Extensive research in the field of neutrophil cell biology and their role skewing the immune response in various infections or inflammatory disorders revealed their importance in the regulation of immune response. Neutrophils also release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) for the containment of infection and inflammation along with other antimicrobial molecules. Activated neutrophils provide signals for the activation and maturation of macrophages as well as dendritic cells. Neutrophils are also involved in the regulation of T-cell immune response against various pathogens and tumor antigens. Thus, the present review is intended to highlight the emerging role of neutrophil extracellular trap production in the regulation of immune response and its role in periodontal disease.