[Morphologic and functional heterogeneous changes of the urinary bladder different parts at rats with infravesical obstruction of the urinary tracts].

Infravesical obstruction of the lower urinary tracts of 30 rats was carried out by the measured constriction of the urethral prevesical parts. Morphologic and functional changes of the urinary bladder different parts were studied in 1 week and in 3 months. Compensatory hypertrophy of the detrusor was accompanied increasing of hypertrophied, atrophic and native forms of leiomyocytes, as so their transformation into myofibroblasts with connective tissue formation between the muscle fibers mainly in the neck of urinary bladder Contractility of the detrusor decreased with their tonus increasing mainly in the neck of urinary bladder too. Weakening effect of adrenalin in 3 month after obstruction significantly decreased, while in the body and neck of urinary bladder it virtually disappeared. Blockade of alpha-adrenoreceptors after noradrenalin stimulation resulted in enchancement of the hypertrophic detrusor contraction when tonus of the urinary neck decreased. On the contrary, in the intact urinary bladder the similarly influence resulted in weakening of contraction.

[Comparative genome analysis of Helicobacter pylori strains]. / Sravnitel'nyi genomnyi analiz shtammov Helicobacter pylori.

DNA macroarrays were used to characterize 17 Helicobacter pylori strains isolated in four geographic regions of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan, and Novosibirsk). Of all genes, 1272 (81%) proved to occur in all strains and to constitute a functional core of the genome, and 293 (18.7%) were strain-specific and greatly varied among the H. pylori strains. Most (71%) of the latter had unknown functions; the remainder included restriction-modification genes (3-9%), transposition genes (2-4%), and genes coding for outer membrane proteins (2-4%). The Russian H. pylori strains did not differ in genome organization or in the number and distribution of strain-specific genes from strains isolated in other countries.

[Colonic microenvironment in familial helicobacter infection]. / Mikroékologiia tolstoi kishki pri semeinom khelikobakterioze.

To elucidate the significance of the familial microenvironment in the genesis of Helicobacter infection, a clinical and instrumental investigation was made of 13 families selected by the probands who had digestive diseases associated with H. pylori: gastroduodenitis and duodenal ulcer disease. The occurrence of Helicobacter infection and gastritis in the family members was ascertained to be largely determined by their concurrent residence in the limited area, i.e. by the way of life. The contribution of the "family" factor in antral gastritis, fundal gastritis, and H. pylori infection was 60.0, 40.0, and about 90.0%, respectively. The patients with gastroenterological abnormalities associated with H. pylori were found to show changes in the species-specific and quantitative composition of the colonic microbiocenosis, which were symptomatic and revealed by bacteriological studies in 47.5% of cases and severe in 32.5%. When antihelicobacter therapy is planned, a through treatment of all family members and, if possible, pets should be made. Colonic microbiocenosis should be monitored while treating Helicobacter infection.

[New cases of helicobacter pylori associated duodenal ulcer]. / Iazvennaia bolezn' dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki, assotsiirovannaia s helicobacter pylori, vyiavlennaia vpervye.

AIM: Generalization of the results obtained through analysis of examinations of new cases of duodenal ulcer (DU) with patients suffering from DU of different duration, made in two main aspects: the patients' Helicobacter pylori (HP) status determined by histological, bacteriological, immunological studies and rapid urease test and their clinical manifestations, including analysis of risk factors predisposing to peptic ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two groups of patients with DU: 1) 23 new cases; 2) (a group of comparison) 43 patients with DU of different duration were examined. Family history, risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents), concurrent diseases were analyzed. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS), ph metry, histological, bacteriological studies, rapid urease test and IgG antiHP determination were made. RESULTS: More than 95% of patients with DU were found to have HP just at the moment of diagnosis. New cases of DU have less HP colonization in the mucosa. The best diagnostic results were obtained with a combination of a histological study and a rapid urease test. 74% of new DU cases have scarring-ulcerative deformity of the duodenal bulk and, therefore, the onset of peptic ulcer was asymptomatic or mild. DU accompanied by hemorrhage averaged 4.5%. A third of new cases have simultaneously 2 ulcer defects in the duodenal bulb. The pains and symptoms of gastric dyspepsia are typical of the two groups of patients; however, of particular significance for their formation are functional disorders in new cases and organic changes in other patients. CONCLUSION: The comparison of the diagnostic techniques for HP allows the authors to recommend a combination of a histological study and a rapid urease test as the most informative tool.