[Validation parameters of otoemissions with Echocheck]. / Parámetros de validación de otoemisiones con el Echocheck.

GOALS: There are several papers that support the use of Echocheck system to exclude neonatal hypoacusis, but none of them compare it with the ILO systems, neither compare the internal parameters obtained versus those from a colour coded system. We are trying to demonstrate that both techniques are equivalent and valid. METHODS: Acoustic otoemissions were studied in four hundred and ninety four (494) newborn ears using Echocheck. They were classified as Normal, Not valid, No EOAEs and Invalid using a colour coded system. After this they were compared with the internal results registered by the system. On the other hand, otoemissions were obtained using both methods (Echocheck and ILO-88) in 135 ears and the results compared. RESULTS: The correlation between the results obtained through the colour coded system and those obtained from the internal register was absolute for those parameters previously determined. For the comparison between both systems, results did coincide in all cases except for two, in which there were only results with ILO and not with Echocheck. CONCLUSIONS: The validity of the test using this new system as well as the comparison of the results with those obtained from ILO systems has been demonstrated, therefore its use has been recommended for the early detection of hypoacusis in newborn due to the fact that it is simple to perform.

[Bladder transitional cell carcinoma with metastasis to the maxillary sinus as first symptom]. / Carcinoma de células transicionales vesicales con metástasis en seno maxilar como primer síntoma.

Maxillary sinus metastasis are very uncommon tumors (fifty have been reported). The most frequent ones are renal adenocarcinoma, breast and lung tumors. Up to now there is only a reported case of bladder carcinoma in maxillary sinus. We report a 67 years old male with a right maxillary tumor two months ago. FNA demonstrated a transitional cell bladder tumor. The treatment was chemotherapy. The patient died two months later. We reported some considerations about metastatic tumors of paranasal sinus.

[Parapharyngeal space tumor syncope syndrome]. / Síndrome del síncope del tumor del espacio parafaríngeo.

There are several causes of syncopal attacks because of carotid sinus alterations. Recently parapharyngeal tumours have been implicated in its etiology. We reported a man with a cavum tumour who had several syncopes and an haemodynamical angina because of severe bradyarrhythmias. Implicated clinical entities in parapharyngeal space lesions syncope-syndrome, its physiopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis are discussed.

[Neonatal hearing loss screening using otoacoustic emission with Echocheck]. / Detección precoz de hipoacusias en recién nacidos mediante otoemisiones acústicas con Echocheck.

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have been published on neonatal hearing loss screening using the Echocheck system (a new and easy method for detecting otoacoustic emissions). The aim of this study was to demonstrate how, in combination with auditory evoked potentials, this system can be used with satisfactory results for universal screening of all live births. METHODS: Otoacoustic emissions in the 1,000 infants born in our hospital during a 10-months period were checked by Echocheck. According to a preestablished protocol, neonates who failed the first screening test were sent for diagnosis by auditory brainstem responses. RESULTS: Coverage of the test was 99.3%. In 25% of the patients the test was repeated. Deafness was found in eight infants (only in two infants at high risk). The results obtained with this new method were compared with published results for the ILO systems. CONCLUSIONS: Echocheck provides more data than the standard recommended for neonatal hearing loss screening which, together with the results obtained in previous studies, suggests that Echocheck can be used like other systems for neonatal screening programmes. Since it is easy to use and cheaper than screening programmes, this system facilitates universal screening.

[Pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum. A case report]. / Adenoma pleomorfo de septum nasal. A propósito de un caso.

We report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of the nasal septum in a 66 year-old male. The tumor was treated by subperichondral excision. The tumor was analyzed and guidelines for its clinical and histological (immunohistochemical) diagnosis and treatment are established.

[ENT emergencies in a regional hospital]. / Consideraciones de las urgencias ORL en un hospital comarcal.

Ear, nose and throat emergencies seen at our hospital in a year were studied. The results were compared with the scant literature available. Massive use of hospital emergency services by patients was analyzed.

[Study of Cyfra 21-1 as a new tumor marker for the diagnosis of epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck]. / Estudio del Cyfra 21-1 como un nuevo marcador tumoral en el diagnóstico del carcinoma epidermoide de cabeza y cuello.

Serum concentrations of Cyfra 21-1, a soluble cytokeratin fragment, were evaluated in 157 healthy patients, 66 patients with benign ear, nose or throat disease, and 102 patients with untreated epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck. The technique had a sensitivity of 53.9% and specificity of 98.4% for a cutoff value of 1.5 ng/ml. Cyfra 21-1 levels differed significantly with tumor location (p < 0. 005) and tumor stage (p < 0.005), but not with the degree of histological differentiation.

[Cervical cutaneous leishmaniasis]. / Leishmaniasis cutánea cervical.

A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis that presented as a large cervical ulceration is reported. The etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment are reviewed. The visceral and mucocutaneous forms of the disease were excluded from this study.