[Gas Transfer Velocity of CH4 at Extremely Low Wind Speeds].

Thin boundary theory equation (TBL) is widely used to determine gas fluxes across water-air interfaces, and the gas transfer velocity (k600) is the key environmental factor in the equation. A monthly field campaign was carried out during one year to measure CH4 flux and to probe its exchange rate across the air-water interface in a drinking reservoir and 5 adjacent ponds. The ranges of wind speed and surface water temperature were 0-0.75 m·s-1 and 6.3-30.9℃respectively, and their average values were 0.19 m·s-1 and 19.3℃ respectively. The gas transfer velocity of CH4 varied from 0.20 to 1.99 cm·h-1 with an average of 0.50 cm·h-1. Correlation functions between the gas transfer velocity and the wind speed at 10 m height (U10) and surface water temperature (Tw) were given here to quantify k600. There were significant correlations between the fitted values and actual values both for original and bin-averaged data.

[Elementary investigation on the application of laser Raman microprobe in petroleum exploration].

Laser Raman Microprobe (LRM) is a micro-analytical technique for determining molecular components. Based on the summarization of the applications of LRM in petroleum exploration, the authors analyzed fluid inclusions (FI) and organic matters, and found that this technique could not only research qualitatively different phase components of single fluid inclusions and the types of organic substances, but also determine quantitatively each phase component of single fluid inclusions and the indexes of maturation of vitrinite. It is concluded that it is feasible to calculate the salinity of single FI by to sigmaB % NaCl = 61.183S - 22.173 and the reflectance (R0) of vitrinite by R0 (%) = 0.69 ln(82.12 D - 16,054.49) - 4.88.