RESUMEN
Background and Objectives: Mammary gland surgery has become very common, but there are complications of these operations, including the concept of breast implant illness (BII) in women with silicone gel breast implants (SBI), who suffer from various symptoms such as myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue, fever, dry eyes, or dry mouth. Silicone biomaterials are synthetic polymers that have their own physical and chemical properties and can exert their effect at the site of use and possibly on the general status of the body, causing inflammation and oxidative stress signs. The aim of the study was to examine components of the blood antioxidant system (AOS) of the mastopexy and breast augmentation patients before the operation, on the first post-op day, and 6 months after surgery. Materials and Methods: Healthy breast surgery patients (women aged 31 to 60 years without visible pathologies) were selected for the study and formed 2 groups: breast lift-mastopexy without silicone biomaterials (I group, 30 patients) and breast augmentation using silicone biomaterials (II group, 28 patients). All patients underwent standard preoperative tests. Glutathione peroxidase (GPxSe) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in blood, selenium (Se), selenium protein P (SelPP), and total antioxidant status (TAS) in plasma were measured as AOS parameters. The concentration of vitamin D was also determined. A total of 174 blood tests were performed. Results: Overall, there were no differences in both groups in measured antioxidant system indicators over time; neither changes in objective nor subjective status were observed. However, baseline activity of GPxSe was relatively high but restored to normal values 6 months after surgery. In the mastopexy group, GPxSe decreased from 12,961.7 U/L by 18.9% to 10,513.4 U/L, and in the breast augmentation group, from 15,505.0 U/L by 25.1% to 11,265.5 U/L, which is a decrease of 18.9% and 25.1%, respectively. The patients did not note any complaints; other indicators of standard biochemical tests were within normal limits. Conclusions: The two types of surgical interventions, breast mastopexy and augmentation of the mammary glands, do not significantly impact blood AOS and are physiological in nature.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Mamoplastia , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antioxidantes/análisis , Mamoplastia/métodos , Mamoplastia/efectos adversos , Implantes de Mama/efectos adversos , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Glutatión Peroxidasa/sangre , Selenio/sangre , Selenio/análisisRESUMEN
Background and Objective: Sapropel, a biologically active sedimentary deposit, is high in organic matter and minerals and has been shown to offer health benefits. Its constituents, humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), have been found to have some therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to determine the potential therapeutically significant properties of freshwater sapropel extracts: their polyacid content, antioxidative (AO) status, and biological activity in cell culture. Materials and Methods: Freshwater lakes from the southeast region of Latvia were investigated layer by layer. The total organic carbon (TOC) was determined through combustion using the catalytic oxidation method, HA and FA were measured via acid perspiration, and the total polyphenol content (TPC) and total antioxidant status (TAS) was analysed spectrophotometrically. Sapropel extracts' regenerative abilities were tested in vitro using a Cell-IQ real-time monitoring system on mouse BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts and human keratinocyte HaCaT cell lines. Cytotoxicity was measured through neutral red uptake assessment as a concentration-dependent reduction in the uptake of neutral red dye relative to a vehicle control or untreated cells. Results: The highest AO activity was observed in sapropel extracts with elevated concentrations of HA and TPC from Audzelu Lake (1.08 ± 0.03 mmol/L), and the lowest activity was found in extracts from Ivusku Lake (0.31 ± 0.01 mmol/L). Correspondingly, the concentrations of HA in Audzelu and Ivusku Lakes were recorded as 45.2 and 27.4 mg/g, respectively. High concentrations of HA promoted in vitro cell growth upon short-term exposure (up to 6 h). Conclusions: The results show that high TPC correlates with AO status and sapropel extracts with higher concentrations of HA exhibit greater AO activity and promote in vitro cell growth, suggesting a perspective use for short-term topical therapeutic skin applications. However, higher concentrations over longer durations showed cytotoxic effects, indicating the need for further investigation.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Animales , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/análisis , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Humanos , Cuidados de la Piel/métodos , Sustancias Húmicas/análisis , Benzopiranos/análisis , Benzopiranos/farmacología , Benzopiranos/uso terapéutico , Agua Dulce/análisis , Técnicas In Vitro , Células HaCaTRESUMEN
Spirulina is a popular food supplement known for its high antioxidant activity. Several studies have shown that antioxidant activity fluctuates depending on the combination of ingredients in the food. Fresh spirulina is a growing market trend; however, pure spirulina short shelf life is a strong limitation. This study aims to investigate antioxidant activity of various novel commercial fresh spirulina-containing products and the factors affecting it. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of each ingredient and binary combinations of spirulina and apple juices, Japanese quince syrup, or cranberry syrup were measured. Synergic, antagonistic, and additive interactions between samples were determined and expressed using the synergy coefficient. FRAP assay showed apparent synergism of spirulina and all the studied ingredients whereas ABTS and Folin-Ciocalteu methods revealed an antagonistic interaction between spirulina and apple juice. Despite the antagonistic interactions, all the products demonstrated at least the same antioxidant activity as pure fresh spirulina and had longer shelf life than, pointing to their commercial potential.
Asunto(s)
Malus , Spirulina , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Fenoles/análisis , Frutas/químicaRESUMEN
Background and Objectives: Insufficient intake of essential micronutrient selenium (Se) increases the susceptibility to diseases associated with oxidative stress. The study aim was to assess Se status and oxidative stress in COVID-19 patients depending on severity of the disease. Materials and Methods: Blood plasma of 80 post-COVID-19 disease patients and 40 acutely ill patients were investigated. Concentration of Se was detected by a fluorometric method with di-amino-naphthalene using acidic hydrolysis. Selenoprotein P (Sepp1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and their metabolite adducts were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods using commercial assay kits. Results: Obtained results demonstrated that Se and Sepp1 concentration in acute patients were significantly (p < 0.05 for Se and p < 0.001 for Sepp1) decreased compared with post-COVID-19 disease patients. However, in post-COVID-19 disease patients, Se values were close to the low limit of the norm for the European population. 4-HNE adducts concentration as a marker of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the acute patients group compared to the recovery group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: COVID-19 pathology is characterized by the induction of oxidative stress and suppression of antioxidant defenses during the acute phase. Lower levels of Se and Sepp1 and higher levels of reactive oxygen species reflect this imbalance, highlighting the role of oxidative stress in the disease's pathogenesis.