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1.
Ann Dermatol ; 34(1): 1-6, 2022 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35221588

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The morphology of hair regrowth in alopecia areata (AA) patches could be classified into four types, namely diffuse, irregular, marginal, and targetoid patterns, according to the DIMT classification. However, factors affecting hair regrowth patterns have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether the DIMT-classified hair regrowth patterns of AA patches are associated with treatment modality and patch size. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of 152 AA patches with hair regrowth. RESULTS: The associations between the diffuse pattern and patch size >2 cm (p=0.006; odds ratio [OR]: 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17~0.74), between the irregular pattern and triamcinolone acetonide intralesional injection (p<0.001; OR: 274.87, 95% CI: 25.75~2,933.56), between the marginal pattern and systemic and topical corticosteroid (p=0.018; OR: 4.89, 95% CI: 1.31~18.27), and between the targetoid pattern and patch size >2 cm (p=0.028; OR: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.10~5.68) were statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Treatment modalities and patch size are the factors affecting hair regrowth patterns in AA patches.

2.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 11920, 2021 06 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34099793

RESUMEN

Excess glucocorticoids (GCs) with either endogenous or exogenous origins deteriorate skin barrier function. GCs bind to mineralocorticoid and GC receptors (MRs and GRs) in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Inappropriate MR activation by GCs mediates various GC-induced cutaneous adverse events. We examined whether MR antagonists can ameliorate GC-mediated skin barrier dysfunction in NHEKs, reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), and subjects under psychological stress (PS). In a preliminary clinical investigation, topical MR antagonists improved skin barrier function in topical GC-treated subjects. In NHEKs, cortisol induced nuclear translocation of GR and MR, and GR and MR antagonists inhibited cortisol-induced reductions of keratinocyte differentiation. We identified 7,3',4'-trihydroxyisoflavone (7,3',4'-THIF) as a novel compound that inhibits MR transcriptional activity by screening 30 cosmetic compounds. 7,3',4'-THIF ameliorated the cortisol effect which decreases keratinocyte differentiation in NHEKs and RHE. In a clinical study on PS subjects, 7,3',4'-THIF (0.1%)-containing cream improved skin barrier function, including skin surface pH, barrier recovery rate, and stratum corneum lipids. In conclusion, skin barrier dysfunction owing to excess GC is mediated by MR and GR; thus, it could be prevented by treatment with MR antagonists. Therefore, topical MR antagonists are a promising therapeutic option for skin barrier dysfunction after topical GC treatment or PS.


Asunto(s)
Glucocorticoides/farmacología , Isoflavonas/farmacología , Antagonistas de Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/farmacología , Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/metabolismo , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Transporte Activo de Núcleo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Administración Cutánea , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Núcleo Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Epidermis/efectos de los fármacos , Epidermis/metabolismo , Glucocorticoides/metabolismo , Humanos , Queratinocitos/citología , Queratinocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Queratinocitos/metabolismo , Lípidos/análisis , Permeabilidad/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/genética , Piel/metabolismo , Piel/fisiopatología , Pérdida Insensible de Agua/efectos de los fármacos , Pérdida Insensible de Agua/fisiología
3.
J Dermatol ; 46(10): 917-921, 2019 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31392741

RESUMEN

While the etiology of sarcoidosis remains uncertain, mycobacteria have been suggested as a causative infectious agent. To investigate the causal relationship between mycobacteria and sarcoidosis, we performed a reverse blot hybridization assay (REBA) to identify mycobacteria from the skin samples of nine patients with sarcoidosis. Six of the nine samples were shown to be positive for mycobacteria by REBA, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria. This is the first study to identify mycobacteria from the skin samples of sarcoidosis patients using REBA, and our results could strengthen the etiologic association between mycobacteria and sarcoidosis.


Asunto(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/aislamiento & purificación , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/aislamiento & purificación , Sarcoidosis/microbiología , Enfermedades de la Piel/microbiología , Piel/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biopsia , Sondas de ADN , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Técnicas de Sonda Molecular , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Sarcoidosis/patología , Piel/patología , Enfermedades de la Piel/patología
6.
J Am Acad Dermatol ; 80(2): 466-477.e16, 2019 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30031145

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Alopecia areata (AA) may be associated with various systemic diseases according to several studies. OBJECTIVE: To identify prevalent and incident diseases in patients with AA and quantify their prevalence and odds and hazard ratios compared with those in controls without AA. METHODS: A systematic review of the studies published before February 28, 2018, was performed by using the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Observational studies on prevalent or incident diseases in patients with AA were included, whereas studies limited to pediatrics or providing only laboratory results or continuous data were excluded. The inverse variance method with a random-effects model was used for meta-analyses. RESULTS: A total of 87 studies were analyzed. Atopic diseases, metabolic syndrome, Helicobacter pylori infection, lupus erythematosus, iron deficiency anemia, thyroid diseases, psychiatric diseases, vitamin D deficiency, and audiologic and ophthalmic abnormalities were more prevalent in patients with AA. Patients with AA had a higher risk of developing autoimmune diseases. LIMITATIONS: Some diseases were investigated by an insufficient number of studies to be meta-analyzed. Meta-analysis of incident diseases was not performed owing to the limited availability of cohort studies. CONCLUSION: AA is associated with various systemic and psychiatric diseases. Physicians are encouraged to evaluate and manage potential comorbid conditions to achieve better outcomes.


Asunto(s)
Alopecia Areata/diagnóstico , Alopecia Areata/epidemiología , Comorbilidad , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Tejido Conjuntivo/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Tejido Conjuntivo/patología , Femenino , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/patología , Prevalencia , Pronóstico , República de Corea/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/epidemiología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/epidemiología
10.
J Korean Neurosurg Soc ; 52(3): 228-33, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23115666

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Chronic neck or back pain can be managed with various procedures. Although these procedures are usually well-tolerated, a variety of side effects have been reported. In this study we reviewed cases of unexpected temporary adverse events after blocks and suggest possible causes. METHODS: We reviewed the records of patients treated with spinal pain blocks between December 2009 and January 2011. The types of blocks performed were medial branch blocks, interlaminar epidural blocks and transforaminal epidural blocks. During the first eight months of the study period (Group A), 2% mepivacaine HCL and triamcinolone was used, and during the last six months of the study period (Group B), mepivacaine was diluted to 1% with normal saline. RESULTS: There were 704 procedures in 613 patients. Ten patients had 12 transient neurologic events. Nine patients were in Group A and one was in Group B. Transient complications occurred in four patients after cervical block and in eight patients after lumbar block. Side effects of lumbar spine blocks were associated with the concentration of mepivacaine (p<0.05). The likely causes were a high concentration of mepivacaine in five patients, inadvertent vascular injection in three patients, intrathecal leak of local anesthetics in one, and underlying conversion disorder in one. CONCLUSION: Spinal pain blocks are a good option for relieving pain, but clinicians should always keep in mind the potential for development of inevitable complications. Careful history-taking, appropriate selection of the anesthetics, and using real-time fluoroscopy could help reduce the occurrence of adverse events.

11.
Cancer Res Treat ; 44(3): 179-86, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23091444

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Although the incidence of microsatellite instability (MSI) accounts for 10-15% of cases of colorectal cancer, its clinical application for all colorectal cancers has widened. We attempted to identify clinical and pathological parameters that may be helpful in selection of patients with MSI-high (MSI-H). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 resected colorectal cancers were enrolled retrospectively for this MSI study. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and/or real time PCR methods with five markers and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MLH1 and MSH2 were performed for analysis of cancer and blood specimens. Clinico-pathologic parameters, including IHC, were investigated in order to determine their usefulness as predictive factors of MSI. RESULTS: Among 120 cases of colorectal cancer, MSI was observed in 15 cases (12.5%), including 11 cases of MSI-H and four cases of MSI-low. Patients with MSI were younger, less than 50 years old, had a family history of cancer, Rt. sided colon cancer and/or synchronous multiple colorectal cancer, mucinous histologic type, and serum carcinoembryonic antigen group in the normal range. Results of multivariate analysis showed Bethesda guidelines, Rt. sided and/or synchronous multiple colorectal cancer, and negative expression of IHC for MLH1, which was consistently associated with MSI-H. MSI-H colorectal tumors have met at least one of these three parameters and their sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 72.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Bethesda guidelines, tumor location, and negative expression of MLH1 protein are important parameters for selection of patients with colorectal cancers for MSI testing. MSI testing is recommended for patients showing any of these three parameters.

12.
Int J Biol Markers ; 26(2): 88-93, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21574154

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Curative surgical resection is of great importance and some trials have been performed to identify free undetectable cancer cells using molecular markers. The aim of this study is to investigate melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) expression in normal mucosa around colorectal cancer and its clinical significance.? MATERIAL AND METHOD: From October 2003 to June 2004, we collected 46 colorectal cancer and matched normal mucosal tissues within 20 mm, 20 to 50 mm and more than 50 mm from tumors after the curative operation. Twenty-two mucosal tissues were harvested from patients with benign colorectal diseases as controls. MAGE expression was assayed using nested RT-PCR of MAGE A1-6 mRNA.? RESULTS: The MAGE expression rates in cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa were 65.2%, 6.5% (<20 mm), 2.2% (20-50 mm) and 0.0% (>50 mm), respectively, while MAGE was not expressed in the mucosa of benign diseases. The MAGE-positive cases in the normal mucosa around tumors were located in the left colon or rectum, and one patient showed anastomotic mucosal site recurrence.? CONCLUSIONS: MAGE expression in normal-appearing mucosa around colorectal cancer showed some clinical findings suggesting the presence of undetectable free cancer cells after curative resection.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Antígenos Específicos del Melanoma/genética , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/cirugía , Metilación de ADN , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Gliceraldehído-3-Fosfato Deshidrogenasas/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Membrana Mucosa/metabolismo , Membrana Mucosa/patología , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Estadificación de Neoplasias
13.
Int J Colorectal Dis ; 23(1): 29-35, 2008 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17704924

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most rapidly increasing cancers in Korea, but no comprehensive analysis has been performed to speculate the genetic basis of CRC development. We investigated the presence of adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC), Kirsten-ras (K-ras), p53, microsatellite instability (MSI), and melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) alterations in CRC and correlated the results obtained with clinical data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 78 cancer tissues from CRC patients. Genetic analyses were performed on APC, K-ras, p53, and MSI (BAT 25 and BAT 26), and in addition, MAGE expression was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Correlations between genetic markers and clinical factors were analyzed after reviewing medical records. RESULT: The positive rates for alterations of APC, K-ras, p53, MSI, and MAGE in 78 tissue samples were 33.3, 29.5, 34.6, 9.0, and 68.4%, respectively. Mutations were frequently detected in codons 1291 and 1450 of APC, in codon 12 of K-ras and in codons 248, 282, and 176 of p53. APC mutations were frequently noted in early-stage cancer, whereas MSI was observed in right-sided and multiple cancers. No associations were found between the presence of alterations in APC, K-ras, p53, MSI, and MAGE. INTERPRETATION: In Koreans, positive rates of alterations in APC and p53 were slightly lower than those of APC and p53 in Caucasians, and the genetic alterations including MAGE expression are involved in 92.1% of CRCs. The lack of multiple mutations and of a relation between mutation rates and clinical stage suggest that genetic alterations might have independent influences on CRC development in Koreans.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Pueblo Asiatico/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Genes APC , Genes ras , Inestabilidad de Microsatélites , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Anciano , Secuencia de Bases , Neoplasias Colorrectales/etnología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/inmunología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Humanos , Corea (Geográfico) , Masculino , Antígenos Específicos del Melanoma , Persona de Mediana Edad , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutación
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