Comparison of Facial Proportions Between Eastern and Western Attractive Young Women.

The characteristics of what is considered a beautiful face differ between Eastern and Western countries.The authors of this study analyzed beauty pageant contestants using a three-dimensional (3D) photogrammetric analysis tool. All of the 3D photographs were taken between October and November 2016 in Seoul, Korea. The participants were 43 Miss Korea contestants (Group I) and 22 Miss Paraguay contestants (Group II).In absolute length, those in Group I had longer upper and middle faces. In the proportions of volume and length, Group I had larger upper and middle faces than Group II. Widths of the lower face and entire face were also wider in Group I. The lower facial index was larger in Group I. Group I had longer noses and wider intercanthal distance, not only in absolute length but also in proportion to the face. Group II showed thicker lips, longer chins, and wider noses relative to the face. Group II had wide eyes, in the absolute measurement and in proportion to the face. Group I participants appeared to have an increased height of eyes and had wider angles in their faces as well as wider nasofrontal, labiomental, and nasomental angles.The authors objectively established reference data for faces that are considered attractive in the East and the West. The data are expected to contribute to the clinical practice of plastic surgeons.

Co-Sputtered and Rapid-Thermal-Annealed CIAS Thin Films Using CuSe2/ln/Al Triple Targets of Varying Ln/Al Compositions.

The 20.9% conversion efficiency of I-III-VI chalcopyrite-based solar cells, the highest in the world, makes them promising candidates for high-efficiency thin film solar cells. However, Ga is one of the most expensive rare materials with the critical degradation in device efficiency. Cu(ln(1-X)Al(X))Se2 (CIAS) is considered an alternative to Cu(ln(1-X)Ga(X))Se2 because of its good structural suitability and the low cost of Al. CIAS thin films were formed using triple targets of CuSe2/ln/Al in a co-sputtering system to control the composition ratio, x = [Al]/([ln]+[Al), by varying each RF power for In/Al with rapid thermal annealing. The chalcopyrite peaks shifted toward higher 2theta as x increased. The CIAS thin films had 74.24-86.81% absorption with band gap, Eg, of 2.28-2.50 eV in the 400-1600 nm range. A low resistivity of 1.1 x 10(-2) omega(-cm) was obtained in the CIAS thin films with x of 0.74.

The effect of a "push-pull" structure on the turn-on fluorescence of photochromic thio-ketone type diarylethenes.

a series of diarylethene compounds with a thiophene bridging unit have been synthesized to investigate the relationship between molecular structure and photochromic properties. In particular, the fluorescence properties related to compound 1 were investigated. The results showed that a six-membered ring carrying an electron-donating sulfur atom and an electron-withdrawing carbonyl group is necessary to form a "push-pull" system for the fluorescence of 1.

Distinguishing between genotoxic and non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogens by gene expression profiling and bioinformatic pathway analysis.

A rapid and sensitive method to determine the characteristics of carcinogens is needed. In this study, we used a microarray-based genomics approach, with a short-term in vivo model, in combination with insights from statistical and mechanistic analyses to determine the characteristics of carcinogens. Carcinogens were evaluated based on the different mechanisms involved in the responses to genotoxic carcinogens and non-genotoxic carcinogens. Gene profiling was performed at two time points after treatment with six training and four test carcinogens. We mapped the DEG (differentially expressed gene)-related pathways to analyze cellular processes, and we discovered significant mechanisms that involve critical cellular components. Classification results were further supported by Comet and Micronucleus assays. Mechanistic studies based on gene expression profiling enhanced our understanding of the characteristics of different carcinogens. Moreover, the efficiency of this study was demonstrated by the short-term nature of the animal experiments that were conducted.

Fatal pancreatic panniculitis associated with acute pancreatitis: a case report.

Pancreatic panniculitis is a rare disease in which necrosis of fat in the panniculus and other distant foci occurs in the setting of pancreatic diseases; these diseases include acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, pseudocyst, and other pancreatic diseases. This malady is manifested as tender erythematous nodules on the legs, buttock, or trunk. Histopathologically, it shows the pathognomonic findings of focal subcutaneous fat necrosis and ghost-like anucleated cells with a thick shadowy wall. We herein report a case of fatal pancreatic panniculitis that was associated with acute pancreatitis in a 50-yr-old man. He presented with a 3-week history of multiple tender skin nodules, abdominal pain and distension. Laboratory and radiologic findings revealed acute pancreatitis, and skin biopsy showed pancreatic panniculitis. Despite intensive medical care, he died of multi-organ failure 3 weeks after presentation.