Fault Diagnosis of Hydraulic Components Based on Multi-Sensor Information Fusion Using Improved TSO-CNN-BiLSTM.

In order to realize the accurate and reliable fault diagnosis of hydraulic systems, a diagnostic model based on improved tuna swarm optimization (ITSO), optimized convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) networks is proposed. Firstly, sensor selection is implemented using the random forest algorithm to select useful signals from six kinds of physical or virtual sensors including pressure, temperature, flow rate, vibration, motor power, and motor efficiency coefficient. After that, fused features are extracted by CNN, and then, BiLSTM is applied to learn the forward and backward information contained in the data. The ITSO algorithm is adopted to adaptively optimize the learning rate, regularization coefficient, and node number to obtain the optimal CNN-BiLSTM network. Improved Chebyshev chaotic mapping and the nonlinear reduction strategy are adopted to improve population initialization and individual position updating, further promoting the optimization effect of TSO. The experimental results show that the proposed method can automatically extract fusion features and effectively utilize multi-sensor information. The diagnostic accuracies of the plunger pump, cooler, throttle valve, and accumulator are 99.07%, 99.4%, 98.81%, and 98.51%, respectively. The diagnostic results of noisy data with 0 dB, 5 dB, and 10 dB signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) show that the ITSO-CNN-BiLSTM model has good robustness to noise interference.

[Composition and seasonal fluctuation of acaroid mite communities in warehousing environment of northern Anhui Province].

Samples of stored products were collected every month in 2012 in northern Anhui Province. Acaroid mites were isolated, identified and counted. Among 1 440 samples, 692(48.1%) had mite infestation and 34 species were identified, and the density was 32.1 mites/g. The species richness index (R(margalef)) ranged from 0.48 to 3.30, which was highest in August. The species diversity index (H') was 1.29-3.32, highest in July. The species evenness index (J) ranged from 0.91 to 0.97, highest in March. The number of species, breeding density, species richness index and species diversity index were stable in the year, while the species evenness index showed irregular change. There were many species of acaroid mites in the storage circumstance. The composition of acaroid mites were diverse, and changed with the seasons.

Inhibitory effect and possible mechanism of action of patchouli alcohol against influenza A (H2N2) virus.

In the present study, the anti-influenza A (H2N2) virus activity of patchouli alcohol was studied in vitro, in vivo and in silico. The CC50 of patchouli alcohol was above 20 µM. Patchouli alcohol could inhibit influenza virus with an IC50 of 4.03 ± 0.23 µM. MTT assay showed that the inhibition by patchouli alcohol appears strongly after penetration of the virus into the cell. In the influenza mouse model, patchouli alcohol showed obvious protection against the viral infection at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Flexible docking and molecular dynamic simulations indicated that patchouli alcohol was bound to the neuraminidase protein of influenza virus, with an interaction energy of -40.38 kcal mol⁻¹. The invariant key active-site residues Asp151, Arg152, Glu119, Glu276 and Tyr406 played important roles during the binding process. Based on spatial and energetic criteria, patchouli alcohol interfered with the NA functions. Results presented here suggest that patchouli alcohol possesses anti-influenza A (H2N2) virus properties, and therefore is a potential source of anti-influenza agents for the pharmaceutical industry.

[Effect of choroid plexus on sequestering cadmium and its pathomorphological change].

To investigate whether choroid plexus can sequester cadmium(Cd) and its pathomorphological change, rabbits were given the injections of 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg CdCl2/kg through ear vein, respectively. 4 and 24 hours after Cd administration, animals were sacrificed, the samples of blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), choroid plexus of lateral ventricle, cerebral cortex, liver and kidney were collected and the concentration of Cd in these tissues were measured. Samples of choroid plexus were rushed in saline thoroughly, then fixed. Pathomorphological changes of choroidal epithelial cells were observed in light microscopy and electron microscopy. The result showed that concentration of Cd in choroid plexus was higher than that in blood, CSF and cerebral cortex. In high-dose group, concentration of Cd in CSF was higher than that in other groups. Choroidal epithelial cells appeared vacuolation and granuler degeneration in light microscopy. Choroidal epithelial cells lost their normal slight to moderate convex luminal profiles, and appeared the loss of microvilli, shaped nuclei, increased cytoplasmic vacuolation, increased number of lysosomes, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, and widening of the gaps between adjacent cells. Choroid plexus could accumulate and sequester Cd to protect cerebral cortex from the fluxes of Cd in blood cadmium. When concentration of cd reached a certain level, sequestering action of choroid plexus was weak, or disappeared. Choroid plexus of lateral ventricle appeared pathomorphological change.