RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The potential of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 was demonstrated. However, conflicting evidence emerged regarding the association between UDCA and COVID-19 outcomes, prompting the need for a comprehensive investigation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 infection were retrospectively analyzed and divided into two groups: the UDCA-treated group and the control group. Kaplan-Meier recovery analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the recovery time and hazard ratios. Additionally, study-level pooled analyses for multiple clinical outcomes were performed. RESULTS: In the 115-patient cohort, UDCA treatment was significantly associated with a reduced recovery time. The subgroup analysis suggests that the 300 mg subgroup had a significant (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.63 [95% CI, 1.01 to 2.60]) benefit with a shorter duration of fever. The results of pooled analyses also show that UDCA treatment can significantly reduce the incidence of severe/critical diseases in COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio: 0.68 [95% CI, 0.50 to 0.94]). CONCLUSIONS: UDCA treatment notably improves the recovery time following an Omicron strain infection without observed safety concerns. These promising results advocate for UDCA as a viable treatment for COVID-19, paving the way for further large-scale and prospective research to explore the full potential of UDCA.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Neoplasias de la Mama , Camptotecina , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Femenino , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Camptotecina/uso terapéutico , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , InmunoconjugadosAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas , Humanos , Infecciones por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirugía , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Helicobacter pylori/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Resección Endoscópica de la Mucosa/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Confusión Epidemiológicos , Gastroscopía/efectos adversos , Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiología , Mucosa Gástrica/cirugía , Masculino , FemeninoAsunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Esófago/patología , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/genética , Antígeno B7-H1 , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , PronósticoAsunto(s)
COVID-19 , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas , Humanos , Ritonavir/efectos adversos , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/epidemiología , Enfermedad Hepática Inducida por Sustancias y Drogas/etiología , Antivirales/efectos adversosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: IL-18 is known as an interferon-inducing factor that belongs to the IL-1 family, and is synthesized as an inactive precursor protein. OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to investigate the expression of IL-18, IL-18R, R and IL-18 binding protein (BP) mRNA in various types of human pituitary tumors, such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)-producing adenomas and non-function adenomas. METHODS: Pituitary adenoma tissues were obtained during the surgery of 41 patients: nine patients had ACTH-producing pituitary adenomas, nine patients had GH-producing pituitary adenomas, five patients had TSH-producing pituitary adenomas, seven patients had PRL-producing pituitary adenomas, and 11 patients had non-functioning adenomas. The mRNA expression levels of IL-18, IL-18BP, IL-18R and IL-18R were quantified using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of IL-18 was significantly higher in ACTH-, GH- and PRL-producing adenomas, when compared to non-function tumors. Similarly, a significantly higher mRNA expression of IL-18BP and IL-18R was observed in ACTH-, GH- and PRL-producing adenomas, when compared with non-functional adenomas. In contrast, no upregulation of IL-18R mRNA was observed in any of the pituitary adenomas. CONCLUSIONS: The mRNA levels of IL-18, IL-18BP and IL-18R are significantly elevated in clinical pituitary tumors, such as ACTH-, GH- and PRL-producing adenomas, when compared to non-functional adenomas. These present results suggest the possibility that IL-18 may be involved in the pathogenesis of pituitary adenoma.