Evaluation of the flavor profiles of Yanbian-style sauced beef from differently treated raw beef samples.

In this study, we investigated the volatile flavor compounds and sensory perceptions of Yanbian-style sauced beef prepared from raw meats subjected to different treatments (hot fresh, chilled, and frozen beef). The results indicated that the treatment of raw beef significantly impacted the quality and flavor of sauced beef. Sauced chilled beef (CRSB) exhibited the highest content of fatty acids and total amino acids. A total of 48 volatile compounds were identified. Moreover, a relative odor activity value analysis identified hexanal, nonanal, heptanal, 1-octen-3-ol, and 2,3-octanedione as the characteristic flavor compounds in Yanbian-style sauced beef. The sensory evaluation demonstrated that CRSB was the most palatable and flavorful. Additionally, correlation loading plot analysis indicated strong correlations between sensory evaluation, fatty acids, amino acids, and volatile flavor compounds. These results suggest that chilled beef meat is the best raw material for the production of Yanbian-style sauced beef.

An Aptamer-Embedded Two-Dimensional DNA Nanoscale Material with the Property of Cells Recruitment.

Stem cells possess exceptional proliferation and differentiation abilities, making them highly promising for targeted recruitment research in tissue engineering and other clinical applications. DNA is a naturally water-soluble, biocompatible, and highly editable material that is widely used in cell recruitment research. However, DNA nanomaterials face challenges, such as poor stability, complex synthesis processes, and demanding storage conditions, which limit their potential applications. In this study, we designed a highly stable DNA nanomaterial that embeds nucleic acid aptamers in the single strand region. This material has the ability to specifically bind, recruit, and capture human mesenchymal stem cells. The synthesis process involves rolling circle amplification and topological isomerization, and it can be stored for extended periods under varying temperatures and humidity conditions. This DNA material offers high specificity, ease of fabrication, simple preservation, and low cost, providing a novel approach to stem cell recruitment strategies.

An efficient non-iterative smoothed particle hydrodynamics fluid simulation method with variable smoothing length.

In classical smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) fluid simulation approaches, the smoothing length of Lagrangian particles is typically constant. One major disadvantage is the lack of adaptiveness, which may compromise accuracy in fluid regions such as splashes and surfaces. Attempts to address this problem used variable smoothing lengths. Yet the existing methods are computationally complex and non-efficient, because the smoothing length is typically calculated using iterative optimization. Here, we propose an efficient non-iterative SPH fluid simulation method with variable smoothing length (VSLSPH). VSLSPH correlates the smoothing length to the density change, and adaptively adjusts the smoothing length of particles with high accuracy and low computational cost, enabling large time steps. Our experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the VSLSPH approach in terms of its simulation accuracy and efficiency.

Impacts of external shocks on the decisions of hog supply chains under liquidity constraints from the perspective of commercial credit.

Certain attributes of the hog industry increase the production risk in nodal enterprises of the hog supply chain, leading to high financing costs and eventually resulting in liquidity constraints. When the hog supply chain node enterprises are subjected to external shocks, on the basis of the commercial credit relationship in the supply chain, the entire supply chain generates liquidity risks and systemic risks. We analyze the input and output of the hog supply chain node enterprises under the constraint of liquidity, construct the mathematical model, discuss the dynamic differences of liquidity constraints in different situations, and measures the commercial credit risk and anti-risk ability of the pig supply chain node enterprises. If the external shock is less than a certain value, the current profits of the hog enterprise can entirely make up for the loss caused by external shocks, and the production of the firm will return to its state of equilibrium. If the external shock is large enough, liquidity constraints will seriously restrict the production input of the enterprise, which then leads to a deceleration of production input and may ultimately result in bankruptcy. We believe that the structure of the hog industry supply chain should be constantly adjusted to optimize the industrial upgrading and organizational form of the hog supply chain.