Reconstruction of Acquired Segmental Mandibular Defects Using Pedicled Mandibular Muscle Flap and Evaluation of Speech Function and Aesthetic Outcomes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap in the reconstouring of repair of acquired segmental mandibular defects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with acquired segmental mandibular defects requiring secondary repair were included into the study. Pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap was applied with strong internal fixation to repair the mandibular defects. The patients' speech, swallowing function, and aesthetic changes were evaluated upon follow-up. RESULTS: The flaps were viable in all patients. Average speech function score was 7.6±0.6. All patients had a drinking test rating of grade I or II with good masticatory efficiency. The postoperative self-assessment Visual Analog Scale score of appearance was 7.8±0.8. CONCLUSIONS: Pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap is a viable choice in the secondary repair and reconstruction of mandibular acquired segmental defects. This flap could achieve better oral function with good aesthetic results.

Comparison of postoperative cytokine and hormone between endoscopically assisted and open parotid tumor resection.

OBJECTIVE: Endoscopically assisted extracapsular dissection through a single incision along the cephaloauricular furrow has been adapted as a method of access for operating on benign parotid gland tumors. However, no study has compared the immune and stress responses after surgery between the endoscopic procedure and conventional open surgery. METHODS: Through a randomized method, 50 patients with benign parotid gland tumors were assigned to undergo either endoscopically assisted extracapsular dissection or open parotidectomy. The postoperative inflammatory changes and hormonal response in the patients were analyzed at serum level during the preoperative period and at 12, 24, and 72 hr after either surgery. RESULTS: Twenty-three patients received an endoscopic procedure, while 27 underwent open surgery. The size of the incision, amount of intraoperative bleeding, volume of drainage, postoperative pain score, and satisfaction with appearance were all improved in the endoscopic procedure group. Additionally, the serum levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and cortisol were significantly lower in the endoscopy group in comparison with those in the open surgery group. CONCLUSION: Endoscopically assisted extracapsular dissection on patients with benign parotid gland tumors is associated with lower inflammatory changes and hormone responses than open surgery, thereby reducing perioperative pathophysiological disturbance and enhancing recovery after surgery.

Decreased expression of mitochondrial miR-5787 contributes to chemoresistance by reprogramming glucose metabolism and inhibiting MT-CO3 translation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recently found in the mitochondria, and were named "mitomiRs", but their function has remained elusive. Here, we aimed to assess the presence and function(s) of mitomiRs in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Methods: miRNA microarray was performed in paired TSCC cell lines, Cal27 and its chemoresistant counterpart, Cal27-re. Decreased expression of mitomiRs in chemoresistant cells was characterized. The functions of mitomiRs were investigated by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results: Differential microarray analysis identified downregulation of mitomiR-5787 in Cal27-re cells. We knocked down mitomiR-5787 in parental cells and upregulated its expression in cisplatin-resistant cells. The sensitivity of TSCC cells to cisplatin was regulated by miR-5787. The glucose metabolism assay suggested that reduced expression of miR-5787 changed the balance of glucose metabolism by shifting it from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. Xenograft experiments in BALB/c-nu mice further verified the in vitro results. Reduced expression of miR-5787 contributes to chemoresistance in TSCC cells by inhibiting the translation of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 (MT-CO3). The prognostic analysis of 126 TSCC patients showed that the patients with low expression of miR-5787 and/or MT-CO3 had poor cisplatin sensitivity and prognosis. Conclusions: Mitochondrial miR-5787 could regulate cisplatin resistance of TSCC cells and affect oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis. Downregulation of miR-5787 inhibited the translation of MT-CO3 to regulate cisplatin resistance of TSCC. Mitochondrial miR-5787 and MT-CO3 can be used as predictive biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cisplatin chemotherapy resistance.

Novel ANO5 mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) identified by whole genome sequencing in a big family with atypical gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia.

BACKGROUND: Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a rare skeletal disorder that has not been well studied. METHODS: Sanger sequencing, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and bioinformatics and structural modeling analyses were performed. RESULTS: A family with patients with fibro-osseous lesions of the jawbones were initially diagnosed with cherubism. Sequencing of SH3BP2, which is the causal gene of cherubism, revealed no pathogenic mutation. Through WGS, we identified a novel mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) in ANO5, and bioinformatics analyses and structural modeling showed that the mutation was deleterious. Because ANO5 is the gene responsible for GDD, we reappraised the clinical data of the patients, and the diagnosis was corrected to atypical GDD. A review of the literature showed that 67% of GDD cases confirmed by molecular testing were initially misdiagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: The novel mutation c.1067G>T (p.C356F) in ANO5 is responsible for the atypical GDD observed in our patients. GDD should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients with fibro-osseous lesions.