Enhanced biological wastewater treatment supplemented with anaerobic fermentation liquid of primary sludge.

The wastewater treatment performance in an inverted A2/O reactor supplemented with fermentation liquid of primary sludge was explored comparing to commercial carbon sources sodium acetate and glucose. Similar COD removal rate was observed with the effluent COD stably reaching the discharge standard for those 3 carbon sources. However, the fermentation liquid distributed more carbon source in the anaerobic zone. Fermentation liquid and sodium acetate tests achieved better nitrogen removal rate than glucose test. The fermentation liquid test showed the best biological phosphorus removal performance with the effluent phosphorus barely reaching the discharge standard. The microbial community characterization revealed that the fermentation liquid test was dominated by phylum Proteobacter in all the anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic zones. Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) (i.e., genera Dechloromonas and unclassified_f__Rhodocyclaceae) were selectively enriched with high abundances (over 20%), which resulted in improved phosphorus removal efficiency. Moreover, the predicted abundances of enzymes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal were also enhanced by the fermentation liquid.

Fabrication of photo-Fenton self-cleaning PVDF composite membrane for highly efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation.

The anti-fouling performance of membranes is an important performance in the separation of oil/water. However, the membrane with anti-fouling performance will also have surface scaling phenomenon when it runs for a long time. Therefore, there is still a great demand for stain-resistant membranes with good self-cleaning ability and high flux recovery rate. Based on this, this paper firstly prepared a hydrophilic membrane with carboxyl group and carboxyl ion by blending poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PEMA) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and then prepared a self-cleaning composite membrane by in situ mineralization of ß-FeOOH particles on the surface of the membrane for efficient oil-in-water emulsion separation. A large number of -COOH/COO- and ß-FeOOH particles on the membrane surface make the composite membrane have strong hydrophilic properties (WCA = 20.34°) and underwater superoleophobicity (UOCA = 155.10°). These composite membranes have high separation efficiency (98.8%) and high flux (694.56 L m-2 h-1 bar-1) for soybean oil-in-water emulsion. Importantly, the as-prepared membrane shows excellent flux recovery rate (over 99.93%) attributed to the robust photo-Fenton catalytic activity of ß-FeOOH, and the ß-FeOOH is chemically bonded to the as-prepared membrane, which makes the as-prepared membrane have good reusability. This work provides hope for the application of self-cleaning membranes in the construction of anti-fouling membranes for wastewater remediation.

Enhancing the symmetry and proportion of 3D face geometry.

We present an engine for enhancing the geometry of a 3D face mesh model while making the enhanced version share close similarity with the original. After obtaining the feature points of a given scanned 3D face model, we first perform a local and global symmetrization on the key facial features. We then apply an overall proportion optimization to the frontal face based on Neoclassical Canons and golden ratios. A nonlinear least-squares solution is adopted to adjust the feature points so that the face profile complies with the aesthetic criteria, which are derived from the profile cosmetology. Through the above processes, we obtain the optimized feature points, which will lead to a more attractive face. According to the original feature points and the optimized ones, we perform Laplacian deformation to adjust the remaining points of the face in order to preserve the geometric details. The analysis of user study in this paper validates the effectiveness of our 3D face geometry enhancement engine.