RESUMEN
Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and metastasis in lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Thus, understanding the mechanism of lung cancer metastasis will improve the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer patients. Herein, we found that expression of cluster of differentiation 109 (CD109) was correlated with the invasive and metastatic capacities of lung adenocarcinoma cells. CD109 is upregulated in tumorous tissues, and CD109 overexpression was associated with tumor progression, distant metastasis, and a poor prognosis in patient with lung adenocarcinoma. Mechanistically, expression of CD109 regulates protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling via its association with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Inhibition of CD109 decreases EGFR phosphorylation, diminishes EGF-elicited activation of AKT/mTOR, and sensitizes tumor cells to an EGFR inhibitor. Taken together, our results show that CD109 is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in lung cancer patients.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón/patología , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/metabolismo , Células A549 , Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón/genética , Adenocarcinoma del Pulmón/metabolismo , Animales , Antígenos CD/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/genética , Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Proteínas Ligadas a GPI/genética , Proteínas Ligadas a GPI/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Fosforilación , Pronóstico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéutico , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the world and the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Molecular biomarkers for colon cancer have undergone vigorous discovery and validation. Recent studies reported that overexpression of podocalyxin-like protein 1 (PODXL) is associated with distant metastasis and poor prognosis across several types of malignancies. Its role and underlying molecular mechanism, however, are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we revealed that the Hippo transducer, the transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), acts as a downstream mediator of PODXL in colon cancer. Inhibition of PODXL resulted in the suppression of TAZ signaling and the downregulation of Hippo downstream genes. Moreover, PODXL plays a critical role in cancer stemness, invasiveness, and sensitivity to chemotherapies in colon cancer HCT15 cells. Notably, expression of PODXL showed a positive correlation with stem-like and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) core signatures, and was associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with colon cancer. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of PODXL-mediated tumorigenesis in colon cancer.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias del Colon/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Células Madre Neoplásicas/metabolismo , Sialoglicoproteínas/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Aciltransferasas , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias del Colon/genética , Neoplasias del Colon/mortalidad , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal/genética , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patología , Pronóstico , Sialoglicoproteínas/genética , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Tumor metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. Identifying metastatic biomarkers in tumor cells would help cancer diagnoses and the development of therapeutic targets. Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays an important role in organ development and has gained much attention in tumorigenesis. However, the role of YAP and the underlying mechanism in tumor metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unclear. In this study, we generated metastatic 116-LM cells from the HCT116 CRC cell line. We found that the capacity for tumor aggressiveness was elevated in 116-LM cells and identified that YAP and its mRNA level were upregulated in 116-LM cells. Moreover, expression of YAP was found to correlate with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expressions, whereas suppression of YAP decreased EMT marker expressions and impeded tumor migration and invasion. Additionally, upregulation of YAP was identified in colon cancer patients, and it was correlated with EMT gene expressions. Furthermore, we identified LBH589, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, that was capable of inhibiting tumor growth and aggressiveness in both HCT116 and 116-LM cells. LBH589 potentially inhibited YAP and its mRNA expression, accompanied by diminished expressions of YAP downstream genes and EMT markers. Together, YAP plays a crucial role in aggressiveness and metastasis of CRC, and YAP may be an attractive therapeutic target.
