Clinical features and treatment of heterotopic pancreas in children: a multi-center retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Heterotopic pancreas, an uncommon condition in children, can present with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment options for this disorder in pediatric patients. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis, including patients diagnosed with heterotopic pancreas at four tertiary hospitals between January 2000 and June 2022. Patients were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups based on clinical presentation. Clinical parameters, including age at surgery, lesion size and site, surgical or endoscopic approach, pathological findings, and outcome, were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 88 patients with heterotopic pancreas. Among them, 22 were symptomatic, and 41 were aged one year or younger. The heterotopic pancreas was commonly located in Meckel's diverticulum (46.59%), jejunum (20.45%), umbilicus (10.23%),ileum (7.95%), and stomach (6.82%). Sixty-six patients had concomitant diseases. Thirty-three patients had heterotopic pancreas located in the Meckel's diverticulum, with 80.49% of cases accompanied by gastric mucosa heterotopia (GMH). Patients without accompanying GMH had a higher prevalence of heterotopic pancreas-related symptoms (75%). Treatment modalities included removal of the lesions by open surgery, laparoscopic or laparoscopic assisted surgery, or endoscopic surgery based on patient's age, the lesion site and size, and coexisting diseases. CONCLUSIONS: Only one-fourth of the patients with heterotopic pancreas presented with symptoms. Those located in the Meckel's diverticulum have commonly accompanying GMH. Open surgical, laparoscopic surgical or endoscopic resection of the heterotopic pancreas is recommended due to potential complications. Future prospective multicenter studies are warranted to establish rational treatment options.

Effects of task-based mirror therapy on upper limb motor function in hemiplegia: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Research to date has lacked definitive evidence to determine whether mirror therapy promotes the recovery of upper extremity function after stroke. Considering that previous studies did not stratify patients based on structural retention, this may be one of the reasons for the negative results obtained in many trials. The goal evaluates the efficacy of TBMT (utilizing an innovatively designed mirror) versus standard occupational therapy for stroke patient's upper limb functionality. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This single-center randomized controlled trial will involve 50 patients with stroke. All patients will be randomly assigned to either the task-based mirror therapy or the control group. The interventions will be performed 5 days per week for 4 weeks. The primary outcomes will be the mean change in scores on both the FMA-UE and modified Barthel Index (MBI) from baseline to 4 weeks intervention and at 12 weeks follow-up between the two groups and within groups. The other outcomes will include the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), the Nine Hole Peg Test (9HPT), the Functional Independence Measure, and MRI. DISCUSSION: This trial will not only to establish that task-based mirror therapy (TBMT) could improve the recovery of hand function after stroke but also to explore the underlying mechanisms. We expect that this finding will clarify the brain activation and brain network mechanisms underlying the improvement of hand function with task-oriented mirror therapy and lead to new ideas for stroke hand function rehabilitation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2300068855. Registered on March 1, 2023.

A high-current hydrogel generator with engineered mechanoionic asymmetry.

Mechanoelectrical energy conversion is a potential solution for the power supply of miniaturized wearable and implantable systems; yet it remains challenging due to limited current output when exploiting low-frequency motions with soft devices. We report a design of a hydrogel generator with mechanoionic current generation amplified by orders of magnitudes with engineered structural and chemical asymmetry. Under compressive loading, relief structures in the hydrogel intensify net ion fluxes induced by deformation gradient, which synergize with asymmetric ion adsorption characteristics of the electrodes and distinct diffusivity of cations and anions in the hydrogel matrix. This engineered mechanoionic process can yield 4 mA (5.5 A m-2) of peak current under cyclic compression of 80 kPa applied at 0.1 Hz, with the transferred charge reaching up to 916 mC m-2 per cycle. The high current output of this miniaturized hydrogel generator is beneficial for the powering of wearable devices, as exemplified by a controlled drug-releasing system for wound healing. The demonstrated mechanisms for amplifying mechanoionic effect will enable further designs for a variety of self-powered biomedical systems.

Robust and Multifunctional Kirigami Electronics with a Tough and Permeable Aramid Nanofiber Framework.

Kirigami designs are advantageous for the construction of wearable electronics due to their high stretchability and conformability on the 3D dynamic surfaces of the skin. However, suitable materials technologies that enable robust kirigami devices with desired functionality for skin-interfaces remain limited. Here, a versatile materials platform based on a composite nanofiber framework (CNFF) is exploited for the engineering of wearable kirigami electronics. The self-assembled fibrillar network involving aramid nanofibers and poly(vinyl alcohol) combines high toughness, permeability, and manufacturability, which are desirable for the fabrication of hybrid devices. Multiscale simulations are conducted to explain the high fracture resistance of the CNFF-based kirigami structures and provide essential guidance for the design, which can be further generalized to other kirigami devices. Various microelectronic sensors and electroactive polymers are integrated onto a CNFF-based materials platform to achieve electrocardiogram (ECG), electromyogram (EMG), skin-temperature measurements, and measurement of other physiological parameters. These mechanically robust, multifunctional, lightweight, and biocompatible kirigami devices can shed new insights for the development of advanced wearable systems and human-machine interfaces.

Pediatric Multiple High-Powered Magnetic Buckyballs Ingestion-Experience From Six Tertiary Medical Centers.

Multiple high-powered magnetic Buckyball ingestions may lead to a high risk of severe complications. Great concerns have been raised by public health workers, and it remains challenging for clinicians to solve this troublesome problem. We report a large case series of children with Buckyball ingestion from six tertiary medical centers. The clinical data, including demographics, medical history, diagnosis tools, management options, intraoperative or endoscopic findings, and outcomes, were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-one children aged 1-13 years ingested 2-41 Buckyballs. Among them, Buckyballs passed spontaneously on 2-10 days post-ingestion in seven cases; gastroscopic removal was performed in 14 cases; laparoscopic removal in 13 cases; laparoscopic-assisted surgical removal in 6 cases; and open surgical removal in 31 cases. Surgical indications included small bowel obstruction, perforation, peritonitis, acute abdominal pain, or along with ingestion of other metallic foreign bodies. Among those who underwent a surgical procedure, primary intestinal repair was performed in 44 cases, enterectomy with primary anastomosis in 6 cases. The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 5 to 28 days. No major complications occurred. In unwitnessed cases, a vague medical history and nonspecific symptoms usually make the diagnosis difficult. The treatment options should include the watch-and-wait approach, endoscopic, laparoscopic-assisted, or open surgical removal of Buckyballs, with primary intestinal repair or anastomosis. Preventive measures, including children's not having access to Buckyballs, are essential to protect children from this kind of unintentional injury.

Ultrastrong and multifunctional aerogels with hyperconnective network of composite polymeric nanofibers.

Three-dimensional (3D) microfibrillar network represents an important structural design for various natural tissues and synthetic aerogels. Despite extensive efforts, achieving high mechanical properties for synthetic 3D microfibrillar networks remains challenging. Here, we report ultrastrong polymeric aerogels involving self-assembled 3D networks of aramid nanofiber composites. The interactions between the nanoscale constituents lead to assembled networks with high nodal connectivity and strong crosslinking between fibrils. As revealed by theoretical simulations of 3D networks, these features at fibrillar joints may lead to an enhancement of macroscopic mechanical properties by orders of magnitude even with a constant level of solid content. Indeed, the polymeric aerogels achieved both high specific tensile modulus of ~625.3 MPa cm3 g-1 and fracture energy of ~4700 J m-2, which are advantageous for diverse structural applications. Furthermore, their simple processing techniques allow fabrication into various functional devices, such as wearable electronics, thermal stealth, and filtration membranes. The mechanistic insights and manufacturability provided by these robust microfibrillar aerogels may create further opportunities for materials design and technological innovation.

Successful treatment of polyarteritis nodosa with intestinal necrosis in a Chinese boy: a case report.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing inflammatory disease of the medium and small arteries which has variable clinical manifestations, course, and organ involvement. Intestinal necrosis resulting from PAN is rare, and successful treatment of such cases is even more uncommon. Here, we report the first successful treatment of PAN with intestinal necrosis in a young Chinese child. A 5-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with a 5-day history of abdominal pain. The patient underwent an emergency exploratory laparotomy, which showed skipping necrosis of the intestinal wall. Intestinal resection and anastomosis failed to improve his abdominal pain. The patient's blood pressure remained high (140/120 mmHg), despite captopril treatment. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and D-dimer level were also elevated at (106.00 mm/h and 11.16 mg/L, respectively), as was the 24-hour urine protein (197.6 mg/24 h). Echocardiography revealed that the diameters of the left and right coronary arteries were increased (0.45 and 0.49 cm, respectively). Ultrasound showed polyarteritis in the anterior tibial, radial, iliac, and renal arteries. Histopathologic examination revealed elastic fiber rupture and partial mesenteric arteriolar stenosis with occlusion. After 2 months of treatment with systemic methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved. Furthermore, the patient's ESR and D-dimer levels had reduced to 5 mm/h and 0.63 mg/L, respectively; his 24-hour urine protein was normal (60.0 mg/24 h); and his blood pressure had dropped to 101/46 mmHg. The left and right coronary arteries had reduced to 0.35 and 0.38 cm in diameter, respectively; however, no significant improvement was observed in the other vessels involved. Unfortunately, the child's parents did not continue to seek medical attention; therefore, his long-term outcome is unknown. In this case, the patient was operated on immediately after symptom onset. The postoperative infection was also quickly controlled, avoiding the occurrence of septic shock. Vascular B-ultrasound and pathology aided in establishing a clear and timely diagnosis, which allowed systematic medical treatment to be delivered, achieving good short-term results.

T Lymphocyte Infiltration in Association with IDO1 Expression in Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma and Normal Adjacent Lung Tissues.

BACKGROUND: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) catalyzes the first step of tryptophan catabolism in the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway. IDO1 downregulates natural killer cell receptors, and by mechanism, tumor cells escape immune surveillance. METHODS: IDO1 protein and mRNA were assessed by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and PCR in the 68 resected lung adenocarcinomas at stages I-III as well as adjacent normal lung tissues. Infiltration of CD3, CD8, and CD4 lymphocytes in the tumor and adjacent normal lung tissues was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: IDO1 protein and mRNA were detected in various stages of lung adenocarcinoma with highest expression at stage III. In contrast, biomarkers of T cell subset, CD3, CD4, and CD8, were highly expressed in the normal lung tissues and stage I adenocarcinoma tissues but significantly reduced in the stage II and III tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated that the higher level of IDO1 expression in the lung adenocarcinoma was, the less infiltration of T lymphocytes was found in the tumors. Findings of this study indicated that IDO1 may contribute to the reduction of T lymphocyte infiltration into the lung adenocarcinoma.

Instance Motion Tendency Learning for Video Panoptic Segmentation.

Video panoptic segmentation is an important but challenging task in computer vision. It not only performs panoptic segmentation of each frame, but also associates the same instance across adjacent frames. Due to the lack of temporal coherence modeling, most existing approaches often generate identity switches during instance association, and they cannot handle ambiguous segmentation boundaries caused by motion blur. To address these difficult issues, we introduce a simple yet effective Instance Motion Tendency Network (IMTNet) for video panoptic segmentation. It learns a global motion tendency map for instance association, and a hierarchical classifier for motion boundary refinement. Specifically, a Global Motion Tendency Module (GMTM) is designed to learn robust motion features from optical flows, which can directly associate each instance in the previous frame to the corresponding instance in the current frame. In addition, we propose a Motion Boundary Refinement Module (MBRM) to learn a hierarchical classifier to handle the boundary pixels of moving targets, which can effectively revise the inaccurate segmentation predictions. Experimental results on both Cityscapes and Cityscapes-VPS datasets show that our IMTNet outperforms most state-of-the-art approaches.

Correlation assessment of NDVI and land use dynamics with water resources for the southern margin of Mu Us Sandy Land, China.

To prevent desertification, countries worldwide have made diversified efforts, and vegetation restoration has been demonstrated to be an effective approach. However, in regard to sandy land with limited water resources, measures such as revegetation may lead to an increased drought risk. Despite confirmed sand utilization achievements, many controversies remain regarding the advantages of desert greening, especially considering water scarcity. Therefore, the long-run and causal relationships between sandy land, water consumption, and vegetation coverage are necessarily explored. Choosing the southern margin of the Mu Us Sandy Land as the study area, this study explored the interactions between sandy land, water consumption, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of 2000-2018 with the vector autoregression (VAR) model approach. In the study area, various revegetation projects have been implemented, resulting in a notable reduction in the sandy land area. In addition, the NDVI increased from 0.196 in 2000 to 0.371 in 2018, an increase of 89.3%. The results indicated that there exist long-term stable equilibrium and causal relationships existed between water consumption and sandy land and NDVI. NDVI enhancement is relatively the direct factor that causes the increase of water consumption. It could be inferred that the implemented revegetation measures may rely on a large water consumption amount, which may further aggravate water shortages and ecological damage issues. More scientific and stronger effective water resource management measures should be locally implemented to achieve a balance between water resources and revegetation.

Elastic, Conductive, and Mechanically Strong Hydrogels from Dual-Cross-Linked Aramid Nanofiber Composites.

Recent research on conductive hydrogels has revealed their potential for building advanced soft bioelectronic devices. Their mechanical flexibility, water content, and porosity approach those of biological tissues, providing a compliant interface between the human body and electronic hardware. Conductive hydrogels could be utilized in many soft tools such as neural electrodes, tactile interfaces, soft actuators, and other electroactive devices. However, most of the available conductive hydrogels exhibit weak mechanical properties, which hinders their application in durable biointegrated systems. Here, we report aramid nanofiber-based hydrogels providing a combination of high elasticity, strength, and electrical conductivity. Highly branched aramid nanofibers (ANFs) provide a robust three-dimensional (3D) framework resembling those in load-bearing soft tissues. When interlaced with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and cross-linked with both noncovalent and covalent interactions, the nanofiber composites exhibit a high water content of ∼76.4 wt %, strength of ∼7.5 MPa, ductility of ∼407%, and shape recovery of ∼99.5% under cyclic tensile stress of 0.3 MPa. Mobile ions impart a conductivity of ∼2 S/m to the hydrogels, enabling large-strain sensors with stable operation. In addition, the embedded silver nanoparticles afford broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, which is favorable for medical devices. The versatility of aramid nanofiber-based composites suggests their further possibilities for functionalization and scalable fabrication toward sophisticated bioelectronic systems.

3D Interfacing between Soft Electronic Tools and Complex Biological Tissues.

Recent developments in soft functional materials have created opportunities for building bioelectronic devices with tissue-like mechanical properties. Their integration with the human body could enable advanced sensing and stimulation for medical diagnosis and therapies. However, most of the available soft electronics are constructed as planar sheets, which are difficult to interface with the target organs and tissues that have complex 3D structures. Here, the recent approaches are highlighted to building 3D interfaces between soft electronic tools and complex biological organs and tissues. Examples involve mesh devices for conformal contact, imaging-guided fabrication of organ-specific electronics, miniaturized probes for neurointerfaces, instrumented scaffold for tissue engineering, and many other soft 3D systems. They represent diverse routes for reconciling the interfacial mismatches between electronic tools and biological tissues. The remaining challenges include device scaling to approach the complexity of target organs, biological data acquisition and processing, 3D manufacturing techniques, etc., providing a range of opportunities for scientific research and technological innovation.

The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education of Entrepreneurs on the Entrepreneurial Psychology of Sports Majors From the Perspective of Pedagogy.

In recent years, with the continuous reform and innovation of the sports industry, the national training of sports talents has gradually developed into the training mode of skilled sports talents and professional talents in the field of sports. Therefore, the research on the influence of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial psychology of sports majors has become the inevitable requirement of the development of the sports industry. The purposes are to understand the entrepreneurial psychology and its influencing factors of the students in sports majors after graduation and promote more suitable college students to start businesses and realize self-value. With the students in sports majors in four colleges of Y province as the research object, the typical model in psychology, planning behavior model, is taken as the basic theoretical basis. The questionnaire method combined with the data mining technology based on the decision tree model is adopted to study the influencing factors of entrepreneurial psychology of sports majors. It focuses on the influencing factors and mechanisms of the entrepreneurial drive of sports students. The results show that the three factors, namely, entrepreneurial behavior attitude, entrepreneurial subjective norms, and entrepreneurial perceptual behavior control, are different and interrelated. They are inseparable and can be transformed into each other under certain conditions. Three factors jointly drive the entrepreneurial behavior of students in sports majors. The entrepreneurial drive of students in sports majors in Y province is a dynamic system mechanism, which is analyzed using data mining technology. The entrepreneurial perceptual behavior control is the core factor affecting the entrepreneurial drive of students in sports majors. However, the success rate of entrepreneurs will be higher when the three elements play a reasonable role. The subjective factors driving their entrepreneurship will be reduced in direct proportion when entrepreneurs are deficient in one aspect.

Urchin-Like Cobalt-Copper (Hydr)oxides as an Efficient Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst.

The development of efficient and low-cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is essential for the generation of clean hydrogen energy from water splitting. Herein, a novel hierarchical urchin-like cobalt-copper (hydr)oxide in situ grown on copper foam (CoCuOx Hy (S)/CF) was synthesized through the electrochemical transformation of cobalt-copper sulfides (Co9 S8 -Cu1.81 S) via anodization process. This CoCuOx Hy (S)/CF anode exhibited a low overpotential (η) of 274 mV at a current density of 100 mA cm-2 with a robust durability over a period of 40 h when operated at 10 mA cm-2 . Further investigations imply that the unique nanowires aggregated urchin-like structure of CoCuOx Hy (S) derived from the in situ anion exchange process could facilitate the exposure of active sites and accelerate electron transfer. More importantly, the incorporation of copper resulted in an electronic delocalization around the cobalt species, which contributed to reach a high-valent catalytically active cobalt species and further improved the OER performance.

Molecular structure, expression, and bioactivity of B-cell-activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF) and its receptor BAFF-R in cats (Felis catus).

B-cell survival depends on signals induced by binding of B-cell activating factor (BAFF) to its receptor (BAFF-R). In this study, the full-length cDNAs of cat BAFF (cBAFF) and BAFF-R (cBAFF-R) were amplified from the spleen by reverse transcription PCR. The open reading frame of cBAFF cDNA encodes a protein of 285 amino acids containing a predicted transmembrane domain and a furin protease cleavage site, similar to mammalian, avian, and reptile BAFFs. The cBAFF-R gene encodes a 189 amino acid protein. Real-time quantitative PCR analyses revealed that the two genes are predominantly expressed in the spleen. csBAFF, EGFP/csBAFF, and cBAFF-R were efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), as confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting analyses. After purification, the EGFP/csBAFF fusion protein showed a fluorescence spectrum similar to that of EGFP. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that EGFP/csBAFF bound to its receptor. In vitro, csBAFF promoted the survival of cat and mouse splenic B cells with/without a priming agent (Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1, SAC) or anti-mouse IgM. Furthermore, it stimulated the survival of mouse B cells, similar to msBAFF. Recombinant cBAFF-R blocked the function of sBAFF in vitro. These findings indicate that csBAFF plays an important role in the survival of cat B cells and has functional cross reactivity between cats and other mammals, and suggest a role for the BAFF-BAFF-R system in regulating B-cell survival. Therefore, BAFF and BAFF-R show promise for enhancing the immune systems of animals.

Chemical Vapor Deposition Method Grown All-Inorganic Perovskite Microcrystals for Self-Powered Photodetectors.

Self-powered photodetectors (SPPDs) have attracted lots of attention due to their various advantages including no external power sources, high-sensitivity, fast response speed, and so on. This study reports the fabrication and characterization results of CsPbBr3 microcrystals (MCs) grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and the SPPDs have been fabricated on the basis of the CsPbBr3 MCs layer with the sandwich structure of GaN/CsPbBr3 MCs/ZnO. Such designed SPPD shows the detectivity ( D*) of 1014 Jones, on/off ratio of up to 105, peak responsivity ( R) of 89.5 mA/W, and enhanced stability at the incident wavelength of 540 nm. The photodetector enables the fast photoresponse speed of 100 µs rise time and 140 µs decay time. The performances of the SPPD are comparable to the best ones ever reported for CsPbBr3 based PDs but do not need external power supplies, which mainly benefit from the low trap density, long carrier diffusion of high quality CsPbBr3MCs film, and the built-in electric fields in the sandwich structure of GaN/CsPbBr3/ZnO layers.

EZH2 plays a crucial role in ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury by regulating p38 signaling.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a major challenge in clinic. The histone methyltransferases enhancer of zest homolog-2 (EZH2) is associated with the development of renal injury. However, the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. MATERIALS: AKI in C57BL/6 mice was generated by renal IR. TREATMENTS: The 3-deazaneplanocin A (DZNeP), a selective EZH2 inhibitor, or vehicle was administrated in mice after IR. HK-2 cells were exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) stress. METHODS: Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay or flow cytometry. EZH2, caspase-3, p38, F4/80+ macrophages, and CD3+ T cells were examined by immunohistochemistry or Western blot. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, IL-6, and IL-18 were measured using RT-PCR. RESULTS: Mice treated with DZNeP exhibited less severe renal dysfunction and tubular injury following IR. EZH2 inhibition decreased apoptotic cells while reducing activation of caspase-3 in kidneys under IR condition. Moreover, EZH2 inhibition impaired the recruitment of CD3+ T cells and F4/80+ cells in kidneys with IR. Administration of DZNeP suppressed the production of TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-18 in IR-treated kidneys. Of note, EZH2 inhibition reduced p38 phosphorylation in kidneys after IR. In H/R-treated HK-2 cells, DZNeP treatment or EZH2 knockdown reduced apoptosis. EZH2 inhibition inactivated p38 resulting in reduction of active caspase-3 and proinflammatory molecules. By contrast, EZH2 overexpression induced p38 phosphorylation, caspase-3 activation, and production of proinflammatory molecules, which was reversed by SB203580. CONCLUSIONS: EZH2 plays a crucial role in IR-induced AKI via modulation of p38 signaling. Targeting EZH2/p38 signaling pathway may offer novel strategies to protect kidneys from acute kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion.

[Experience in treatment of complex congenital intestinal atresia in children].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize experience in the treatment of complex congenital intestinal atresia in children, so as to investigate the key points and effect of the operation. METHODS: Medical notes of 49 children with complex intestinal atresia treated between January 2012 and January 2018 were reviewed. The information of age, sex, age at operation, full-term or premature, birth weight, clinical manifestation, auxiliary examination, preliminary diagnosis, treatment process, discharge diagnosis, pathological results and prognosis of patients were analyzed. RESULTS: All patients underwent surgical treatment, including 42 cases with laparotomy (85.7%) and 7 with laparoscopic surgery (14.3%); 1 case undergoing laparoscopic surgery was converted to laparotomy due to meconium peritonitis. The mean operation time was (147±43) min (70-270 min); the mean fasting time after surgery was (8±3) d (4-16 d); the mean parenteral nutrition time was (12±6) d (3-30 d). Eleven cases were discharged against medical after operation and lost to follow-up. Among rest 38 children, 1 child (2.6%) received intestinal resection and ostomy five days after operation due to gastrointestinal perforation; 1 child (2.6%) received conservative treatment one month later due to adhered intestinal obstruction and left hospital with cure; 1 child (2.6%) received enterodialysis and ileostomy eight days after operation due to anastomotic leak, and received the operation for the closure of fistula after three months; 4 children had complications including fluid and electrolyte disorders, anemia, hypoproteinemia and so on, and recovered after conservative treatments. Postoperative follow-up showed that 1 child with duodenal atresia had lower body weight at 6 month after operation, but the body weight returned to normal when the child was one year old; 1 child with preterm labor of 32 weeks was treated with enteral nutrition, and gradually restored the normal diet after 6 months. Growth retardation was not observed in other children. CONCLUSIONS: With active treatment and reservation of normal bowel tube as much as possible during the operation, the prognosis of children with complex intestinal atresia is usually favorable.

Interfacial Constructing Flexible V2O5@Polypyrrole Core-Shell Nanowire Membrane with Superior Supercapacitive Performance.

Flexible membrane consisting of ultralong V2O5@conducting polypyrrole (V2O5@PPy) core-shell nanowires is prepared by a facile in situ interfacial synthesis approach. The V2O5 is for the first time demonstrated to show versatile function of reactive template to initiate the uniform and conformal polymerization of PPy nanocoating without the need for extra oxidants. The freestanding PPy-encapsulated V2O5 nanowire membrane is of great benefit in achieving strong electrochemical harvest by increasing electrical conductivity, shortening ion/electron transport distance, and enlarging electrode/electrolyte contact area. When evaluated as binder- and additive-free supercapacitor electrodes, the V2O5@PPy core-shell hybrid delivers a significantly enhanced specific capacitance of 334 F g-1 along with superior rate capability and improved cycling stability. The present work would provide a simple yet powerful interfacial strategy for elaborate constructing V2O5/conducting polymers toward various energy-storage technologies.

Green Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanotubes as Advanced Materials for High-Efficient Energy Storage.

Hierarchically porous carbon nanomaterials with well-defined architecture can afford a promising platform for effectively addressing energy and environmental concerns. Herein, a totally green and straightforward synthesis strategy for the fabrication of hierarchically porous carbon nanotubes (HPCNTs) by a simple carbonization treatment without any assistance of soft/hard templates and activation procedures is demonstrated. A high specific surface area of 1419 m2 g-1 and hierarchical micro-/meso-/macroporosity can be achieved for the HPCNTs. The unique porous architecture enables the HPCNTs serving as excellent electrode/host materials for high-performance supercapacitors and Li-sulfur batteries. The design strategy may pave a new avenue for the rational synthesis of hierarchically porous carbon nanostructures for high-efficient energy storage applications.