Asunto(s)
Colon/inervación , Ganglios/fisiología , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/fisiología , Transmisión Sináptica , Acetilcolina/fisiología , Animales , Gatos , Depresión Química , Ganglios/análisis , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/análisis , Transmisión Sináptica/efectos de los fármacos , Compuestos de Tetraetilamonio/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Immunohistochemical studies revealed that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) is localized primarily to sacral segments of the cat's spinal cord. VIP is most prominent in afferent axons and terminals in Lissauer's tract and in lateral laminae I and V of the dorsal horn. The distribution of VIP terminals is very similar to that of visceral afferent projections identified by horseradish peroxidase. Dye-tracing experiments combined with immunohistochemistry demonstrated that VIP is located in visceral afferent perikarya in the sacral dorsal root ganglia and also in terminals in the sacral autonomic nucleus. These observations suggest that VIP is a neurotransmitter in afferent projections from the pelvic viscera.
Asunto(s)
Intestinos/inervación , Médula Espinal/metabolismo , Péptido Intestinal Vasoactivo/metabolismo , Vías Aferentes/metabolismo , Animales , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/metabolismo , Gatos , Ganglios Espinales/metabolismo , Microscopía Fluorescente , Neuronas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Leucine-enkephalin (L-ENK) nerve terminals which surround the cholinergic neurons in ganglia of the cat urinary bladder are eliminated after transection of the sacral ventral roots or the pelvic nerve. These findings, coupled with other anatomical and physiological data, suggest that L-ENK may be a cotransmitter with acetylcholine in the sacral preganglionic pathways to the urinary bladder.
Asunto(s)
Fibras Autónomas Preganglionares/análisis , Gatos/fisiología , Encefalina Leucina/análisis , Vejiga Urinaria/inervación , Animales , Femenino , Ganglios/análisis , Técnicas Inmunológicas , Región Lumbosacra , Masculino , Vías Nerviosas/análisis , FotomicrografíaRESUMEN
A modified glyoxylic acid technique was used to examine central and peripheral nervous tissues in Aplysia californica. In addition to confirming the distribution of catecholamines and serotonin in the central nervous system, the method demonstrated the presence of monoamines in the opaline gland and bag cell clusters where they may act as transmitters. In conjunction with electrophysiological techniques this method may be useful to identify other monoamine-containing neurons in Aplysia.
Asunto(s)
Aplysia/metabolismo , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Ganglios/metabolismo , Serotonina/metabolismo , Animales , Ganglios/citología , Glioxilatos , Histocitoquímica/métodos , Microscopía Fluorescente , Neuronas/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Nucleótidos de Adenina/metabolismo , Enzimas/metabolismo , Prostaglandinas/farmacología , Glándula Tiroides/enzimología , Tirotropina/farmacología , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Adenilil Ciclasas/metabolismo , Glándulas Suprarrenales/enzimología , Animales , Isótopos de Carbono , Bovinos , AMP Cíclico , Perros , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Activación Enzimática , Fluoruros/farmacología , Glucosa/metabolismo , Técnicas In Vitro , Hormona Luteinizante/farmacología , Masculino , Métodos , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Isótopos de Fósforo , Hormonas Adenohipofisarias/farmacología , Prolactina/farmacología , Estimulación Química , Testículo/enzimología , Teofilina/farmacología , Glándula Tiroides/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Hypothalamic extract, containing the releasing factors for anterior pituitary hormones, within minutes stimulated adenyl cyclase activity and adenosine 3':5'-cyclic phosphate (cyAMP) concentrations in rat anterior pituitary in vitro. Cerebral cortical extract was ineffective and hypothalamic extract had no effect on these parameters in posterior pituitary or thyroid. Prostaglandin E(1) also increased adenyl cyclase activity and cyAMP levels in anterior pituitary tissue. Although NaF augmented adenyl cyclase activity, it did not elevate cyAMP. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, histamine, serotonin, dopamine, and vasopressin did not increase either adenyl cyclase or cyAMP. The increased adenyl cyclase and cyAMP produced by hypothalamic extract was associated with greater luteinizing hormone release from anterior pituitary in vitro.
