Combining Preservation and Structured Rhinoplasty: Septal Extension Grafts and the Interdomal Hanger.

Preservation rhinoplasty is a new philosophy in the field of rhinoplasty, focusing on preserving and reshaping nasal structures. However, the authors suggest some patients are not good candidates for preservation rhinoplasty. Patients with underprojected noses and thick skin need a septal extension graft for tip support and to achieve maximum tip definition. In this article, we describe a new technique to combine septal extension graft with the preservation of tip ligaments, called interdomal hanger. It allows the surgeon to benefit from increased tip support in rotation and projection. The technique consists of the preservation of the interdomal ligament, which is then stabilized above the septal extension graft working as a suspensory sling. With this technique, the surgeon can mix important steps of preservation rhinoplasty and benefit from the support of the septal extension grafts.

Rinoplastia preservadora piezoelétrica: uma abordagem alternativa para tratamento de nariz bífido em fissura facial nº 0 de Tessier / Piezoelectric preservative rhinoplasty: an alternative approach for treating bifid nose in Tessier No. 0 facial cleft

O manejo do nariz bífido na fissura facial de Tessier nº 0 é controverso devido às suas características, como uma ampla abóbada óssea, baixa altura dorsal, excesso de pele, volume de partes moles e cartilagens laterais superiores e inferiores distantes. Técnicas conservadoras de rinoplastia, utilizando instrumentos piezelétricos, podem ser uma boa opção para o tratamento do nariz bífido, pois preservam o teto e as cartilagens laterais superiores e realizam uma osteotomia mais precisa. Relatamos o tratamento de nariz bífido em um menino de 13 anos com fissura facial nº 0, no qual foi realizada a rinoplastia conservadora com auxílio de material piezoelétrico. Dado o excesso de pele e tecidos moles, optou-se por uma abordagem transcutânea completamente externa. Para osteotomias, fraturas laterais sob visão direta assistida por piezo foram realizadas para ter um melhor controle do estreitamento da abóbada óssea. As cartilagens laterais superiores e as válvulas nasais internas foram preservadas e reaproximadas à linha média com suturas em "U" horizontais, a fim de obter projeção da abóbada cartilaginosa. Um grande segmento de pele e tecidos moles foi extirpado após estreitamento da abóbada nasal. Um ano de acompanhamento mostra uma pirâmide óssea estreita, melhor projeção e definição de ponta, mas persistindo com um nariz verticalmente curto. Técnicas conservadoras de rinoplastia, assistidas por piezoelétricas, podem ser uma opção para o tratamento do nariz bífido, exigindo um acompanhamento a longo prazo e um estudo com mais casos.

The bifid nose management in Tessier nº 0 facial cleft is controversial due to its characteristics, such as a wide bone vault, low dorsal height, excessive skin, soft tissues volume, and distant upper and lower lateral cartilages. Conservative rhinoplasty techniques, using piezoelectric instruments, can be a good option for the bifid nose treatment, as they preserve the roof and upper lateral cartilages and perform a more accurate osteotomy. We report the treatment of bifid nose in a 13-year-old boy with facial cleft No. 0, to whom was performed conservative rhinoplasty with the aid of piezoelectric material. Given the excess of skin and soft tissues, a completely external transcutaneous approach was chosen. For osteotomies, lateral fractures under direct piezo-assisted vision were performed to have better control of the bone vault narrowing. The upper lateral cartilages and the internal nasal valves were preserved and brought back to the midline with horizontal "U" sutures to obtain a projection of the cartilaginous vault. A large segment of skin and soft tissue was excised after narrowing the nasal vault. A year of follow-up shows a narrow bone pyramid, better projection, and tip definition, but persisting with a vertically short nose. Conservative rhinoplasty techniques, assisted by piezoelectrics, may be an option for bifid nose treatment, requiring long-term follow-up and a study with more cases.

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Linguistic Validation of the FACE-Q Questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese.

BACKGROUND: Patient-reported outcomes measurement instruments (PRO) are a good way to measure results after aesthetic procedures. FACE-Q is a systematized and standardized PRO tool and was not available in Portuguese. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included four stages: translation of FACE-Q, backtranslation, testing in patients who underwent facial aesthetic procedures and review of the questionnaires between September and December, 2018. Guidelines merging WHO and ISPOR's rules were followed. RESULTS: Translation was conducted by two translators, resulting in two versions, translation A and translation B, which were reconciled to generate the first Portuguese version. Reconciliation showed inconsistencies between TA and TB in 63% (n = 222) of the 353 questions, which were solved by maintaining TA in 25% of cases (n = 87), TB in 27% and a new version in 11% (n = 40) of the questions. Backtranslation showed written differences with the original FACE-Q in 64 (22.7%) of the 353 question, but only one case of semantic difference, which was corrected resulting in production of the second Portuguese version. Seven patients with a mean age of 35.8 years were interviewed to assess the difficulty in understanding the questionnaires. Four patients had no or minor difficulties understanding the questionnaire, and the other three had difficulties and suggested changes that led to a third Portuguese version. The third version was reviewed for grammar and spelling resulting in the final Portuguese version. CONCLUSION: A Brazilian Portuguese version of the FACE-Q questionnaire was obtained maintaining equivalency with the source instrument. This will allow cross-cultural research and comparison of results between different studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser in Patients with Skin Phototypes III to VI and Facial Burn Sequelae: 1-Year Follow-Up.

BACKGROUND: Fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment in postburn scars is safe and effective, but high rates of hypochromia (35 percent) have been described in patients with skin phototypes V and VI after 2 months. The authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment of burn scars in skin phototypes III to VI after 1 year, focusing on the incidence of hypochromia. METHODS: A case series of 20 patients had skin phototypes III to VI with facial burn sequelae. They underwent three sessions of fractional laser. Laser fluence was increased in patients with no hypochromia and reepithelialization time of less than 15 days. Scars were evaluated after 2 months and 1 year by a five-item scale: color, hydration, surface irregularities, volume, and distensibility. RESULTS: The mean time for reepithelialization was 13.3 days (range, 2 to 40 days). The average final score of the scale increased from 4.4 before treatment to 7.33 after 1 year for physicians, and from 5.35 to 7.5 for patients. There was also an increase in the subjective score, which patients used to assess their skin. Two months after treatment, 60 percent of patients presented with punctate hypochromia. After 1 year, only 15 percent of patients still had mild hypochromia; all of them had skin phototypes V and VI. Nevertheless, they were satisfied with overall bleaching of the skin. CONCLUSIONS: Fractional carbon dioxide laser improved skin quality. Late punctate hypopigmentation should be considered a possible complication in patients with skin phototypes V and VI. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, IV.

Hipertensão arterial, osteoporose, amenorreia e depressão como manifestações da síndrome de cushing acth-independente: evolução após adrenalectomia laparoscópica / Arterial hypertension, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, and depression as presentation of ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome: follow-up after laparoscopic adrenalectomy

A síndrome de Cushing é caracterizada por excesso de glicocorticóides circulantes. Os tumores suprarrenais secretores de cortisol representam a principal causa desse distúrbio, dentre os quais adenomas, que correspondem a 65% dos casos. A apresentação clínica típica inclui obesidade centrípeta, fadiga, hipertensão arterial de difícil controle, osteoporose, distúrbios menstruais, hirsutismo, equimoses e estrias violáceas. Entretanto, casos de síndrome de Cushing subclínica vem sendo descritos com frequência crescente, o que faz com que essa doença ainda representardesafio diagnóstico na atualidade, pela capacidade de mimetizar outras entidades nosológicas, tais como síndrome metabólica, depressão e alcoolismo. Relata-se o caso de uma mulher de 27 anos, que vinha em tratamento de hipertensão arterial, osteoporose e depressão intensa antes do diagnóstico de síndrome de Cushing ACTH-independente,na qual o tratamento cirúrgico da doença de base resultou abrandamento significativo das comorbidades.

Cushing’s syndrome is characterized by an excess of circulating glucocorticoids. Cortisol-secreting adrenal tumors are the most common cause of endogenous ACTH-independent disease, with adrenal adenomas accounting for 65% of these cases. The typical clinical presentation includes centripetal obesity, fatigue, arterial hypertension, osteoporosis, menstrual disorders, hirsutism, easy bruising, and diffuse violaceous striae. However, subclinical Cushing´s syndrome is being described with growing frequency, still making this disease a diagnostic challenge, due to the ability to mimicother nosologic entities, such as the metabolic syndrome, depression and alcoholism. The authors report the case of a 27-year-old woman, who has been treated for hypertension, osteoporosis and depression before the diagnosis of ACTH-independent Cushing’s syndrome was established, and in whom the surgical treatment of the disease resulted in significant improvement of co-morbidities.