[Electromagnetic radiation of non-thermal intensity and short exposition as a sub-threshold irritant for the central nervous system].

This work represents generalization and the analysis of the long-term own materials characterizing reaction of the brain on electromagnetic radiation of low intensity (energy flow density in the continuous regime or in the impulse approximately 500 microW/sm2) and a short exposition (approximately 30 min). A set of the experimental results received on separate neurons, formations and brain as a whole give an idea about the reaction of the central nervous system to the studied influence. Comparison of these data with the corresponding responses to the known incentives (light, sound, electric current) testifies to the electromagnetic radiation of low energy flow density and a short exposition as a sub-threshold irritant for the central nervous system.

[The problem of participation of different brain regions in the reactions to the low-intensity magnetic and electromagnetic field exposure].

Experimental analysis of the integral and pulsed bioelectric activity of the rabbit's various brain regions shows an ambiguous extent of their participation in the central nervous system reactions to low-intensity magnetic and electromagnetic fields with different parameters and conditions of exposure. This difference is determined not only by the location of brain structures in the head or by the field intensity, but, above all, by its functional state, which is reflected in the background. Artificial changes in the functioning of the original structures (administration of caffeine or adrenaline) altered the extent of their participation in the brain reaction, according to the drug action mechanism. The presence and severity of response depended on the structure and the biological significance of the impact, which is largely determined by the mode and conditions of exposure. Changing these parameters influenced the participation of the brain in its reaction in accordance with the adaptive response of the organism.

[Changes in response of neurons in visual area of cerebral cortex of rabbits to flashes of light under the influence of low-intensity physical factors of non-ionizing nature].

The effect of various physical factors (SM F: 460 O; microwave EMF: 6 GHz, continuous mode, 200 microW/sm2; sound: clicks of 50 Hz, 6 db above a threshold of EEG response) on responses of neurons in visual area of cerebral cortex of rabbits to light flashes (1 Hz, 1 ms, 0.62 J) has been studied in experiments on 27 rabbits. The character of changes depended on the indicators for a background and for the response to the isolated action of light. Inhibition, rather than activation, was observed at a significantly higher initial frequency. Effect of the factors of magnetic nature was similar to the action of sound (inadequate irritant for the visual area). Inhibitory reactions were observed more frequently (significant result for the group of neurons), with their amplification at a combined action of irritants (SMF and microwave EMF; SMF and sound). The basic character of changes was limited to the drop in the pulsation frequency at the first phase of activation and to the increase in the latent periods of the first and second active phases. Other indicators for reaction to light flashes actually didn't change.

[Dependence of the non-thermal radiofrequency electromagnetic field bioeffects on the typological features of electroencephalogram in humans].

In researches with participation of volunteers bioeffects of short-term non-thermal radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) exposure were studied. The basic form of brain's reaction was the amplification of energy in a-range in electroencephalogram (EEG) spectra. Dependence of these changes, not only due to the changes of the exposure parameters, but also due to personal EEG typological features was shown. Moderate degree of the alpha frequencies domination in the background promoted development of reaction of a brain to the RF EMF exposure. To a lesser degree it was shown at hyperactivity of this range and, practically, was absent in the conditions of theta- or beta2-range domination in the EEG background with the open and closed eyes. The combination of RF EMF exposure and monotonous activity has authentically strengthened result, keeping the basic form of reaction (energy amplification in the alpha range of EEG spectrum) and dependence on EEG typological features.

[Constant direct action of the magnetic field on the brain fabric].

The important role of direct action of a constant magnetic field (CMF) on a fabric of a brain in its realization neural-effects under condition of an irradiation of a head of an animal is shown. In experiments on rabbits it is statistically proved, that a various degree of neural isolation of a bark of a brain, not only does not interfere with display of reaction of its bioelectric activity on CMF, but also does by its more precise (unequivocal, intensive, short-latent), in comparison with corresponding answers of intact brain. The comparative analysis of bioelectric activity of intact brain, a preparation "cerveau isole", the neural-isolated strip of a bark (at rabbits) and completely isolated nervous system (a chain of a river cancer) in conditions of action CMF proves the above-stated position.

[Level of microelements-metals in animal blood as an informative indicator of response to low-intensity short duration electromagnetic irradiation].

The comparison (juxtaposition) of the rats and the rabbits organism reactions on the electromagnetic irradiation (1.5 GHz, 300 microW/cm2, non-stop mode, 30 min) by the index of the physiological status indicators and of the blood microelements (ME)--metals concentration is presented. This physiological status indicators display that the mentioned irradiation is an underthreshold effect for central nerve system, which doesn't cause the essential changes on the organism level. In the same time, the reliable blood microelements-metals concentration shifts are established. And this let us suppose the ME-indicator as the most informative value of an organism reaction on the electromagnetic irradiations corresponding to the underthreshold effects for the central nerve system.

[Importance of initial status of the nervous system in the developing of low intensity EMF exposure neuro-effects]. / Opredeliaiushchee znachenie iskhodnogo fona v neiroéffektakh EMI nizkoi intensivnosti.

EMF neuro-effects are weak or under-threshold irritants (from the position of biological significance) and completely determined by initial status of nervous system. Initial brain bioelectrical activity characterized by the first developing symptoms of drowsiness or passive awaking condition promotes the reaction development. But emotional tension or somatic activation interfere this process. This dependence could be remedied by increasing of biological significance of low intensity EMF and changing of the analyzed physiological parameter.

[Phenomenology and genesis of changes in the total bioelectrical activity of the brain in response to electromagnetic radiation]. / Fenomenologiia i genez izmenenii v summarnoi bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti golovnogo mozga na élektromagnitnoe izluchenie.

A review of the date on phenomenology and genesis of changes in overall activity of brain in response to electromagnetic radiation is presented. It is validated the nonspecific synchronizing influence of the considered factor. This influence can be a reason of epileptoid class convulsions under growth of its biological significance as an irritant of central nervous system.

[Analysis of pulsed bioelectric activity of rabbit cerebral cortex in response to low-intensity microwave radiation]. / K analizu impul'snoi bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti kory golovnogo mozga krolika v otvet na nizkointensivnoe MKV-obluchenie.

In experiments on 22 rabbits the influence of a pulse microwave irradiation on extracellular activity of separate nervous cells of sensorimotori and occipital areas of a cortex brain is shown. The reaction could consist in activation or in braking frequency of the discharges, that was connected to frequency impulsation in an initial background. The researched mode of a microwave irradiation (1.5 GHz, duration of a pulsed-0.4 microsecond, frequency of their recurrence 1000 Hz, DFEpulsed-300 microW/sm2) had a corrigizing action.

[Dependence of changes in summary bioelectric activity of the brain on low-intensity microwave irradiation from density of flow energy]. / Zavisimost' izmenenii summarnoi bioélektricheskoi aktivnosti golovnogo mozga na nizkointensivnoe MKV-obluchenie ot plotnosti potoka énergii.

In present experimental research has found the confirmation the opinion existing in literature about absence of direct proportional dependence effects of low-intensity microwave from density of flow of energy. Work submits the analysis electroencephalograms various areas of the cortex brain of rabbits on 6 GHz microwave irradiation with energy 0.03-0.40 MW/sm2.

[Motor activity of rabbits in conditions of chronic low-intensity pulse microwave irradiation]. / Dvigatel'naia aktivnost' krolikov v usloviiakh khronicheskogo impul'snogo oblucheniia mikrovolnami nizkoi intensivnosti.

Motor activity of rabbits under daily thirty-minute irradiation (1.5 GHz, pulse duration 16 ms, pulse recurrence frequency 0.12 Hz, pulse intensity 0.3 mw/cm2) for one month was studied. From 14th day the reliable disadaptation changes such as an anxiety and alarm reaction were found. The importance of prolonged irradiation is noted.

[Response of neurons of the sensomotor region of the cerebral cortex to low-intensity pulsed ultra-high frequency irradiation]. / Reaktsii neironov sensomotornoi oblasti kory golovnogo mozga krolika na nizkointensivnoe impul'snoe SVCh-izluchenie.

A peculiarity of the work is an analysis of bioelectrical activity of single neurones under irradiation with low-level pulsed microwaves (6 GHz, 50 Hz, 0.2 mW/cm2). A specially designed micromanipulator made of organic glass was used. The results are presented in comparison with appropriate reactions of neurones to other physical factors considered like microwaves as weak stimuli for central nervous system.

[A comparison of conditioned avoidance reflex in rabbits formed under the influence of permanent magnetic fields, ultra-high-frequency irradiation, light and sound]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika vyrabotki u krolikov uslovnykh élektrooboronitel'nykh otstavlennykh refleksov izbeganiia na postoiannoe magnitnoe pole, SVCh-izluchenie, svet i zvuk.

Low-level microwaves (6GHz, 50 Hz, 0.2 mW/cm2) as well as magnetic field (1000 Oe) can become conditioned stimuli for rabbits. The similar reflexes formed under influence of magnetic field, microwaves, light and sound comparable by biological importance as weak stimuli were compared. Similarity and distinctions in formation of stimulus-response connections under influence of penetration and adequate stimuli are discussed.

[Evaluation of changes in electrophysiological and hormonal parameters in rabbits resulting from short-term low-intensity ultra-high-frequency irradiation]. / Otsenka izmenenii élektrofiziologicheskikh i gormonal'nykh pokazatelei u krolikov v rezul'tate kratkovremennogo nizkointensivnogo SVCh-oblucheniia.

The paper is devoted to study of the influence of short-term low-level microwave irradiation (6GHz, modulation 2 Hz, average intensity 0.015 mW/cm2, exposure time 50 min) on some electrophysiological and hormonal parameters in rabbits. No reliable changes in cardiac and respiratory rhythms, electromyogram intensity as well as cortisol, testosterone, insulin and thyroxine level in rabbits' blood were found.

[Total bioelectric activity of various structures of the brain in low-intensity microwave irradiation]. / Summarnaia bioélektricheskaia aktivnost' razlichnykh struktur golovnogo mozga v usloviiakh nizkointensivenykh MKV-obluchenii.

In experiments with thirty rabbits the influence of thirty-minute microwave irradiation (1.5 GHz, pulse intensity 0.3 mW/cm2; pulsed modes: 0.12 Hz, 16 ms or 1000 Hz, 0.4 ms; pack-pulsed mode: pulse frequency 1000 Hz, pack frequency 0.12 Hz) on the total bioelectrical activity of brain structures was studied. The reliable effect was detected only in hippocamp. The total bioelectrical activity of cortex, caudate nucleus, hypothalamus, amygdala and septum was not changed reliably in animal group studied. The reaction of hippocamp was displayed as amplification of theta-range in spectrum within of normal functioning.

[Relation between "rest-activity" behavioral phases and features of the spatial organization of cortical potentials in experimental neuroses]. / Sootnoshenie povedencheskikh faz "pokoi--aktivnost"' i kharakteristiki prostranstvennoi organizatsii potentsialov kory pri éksperimental'nom nevroze.

The development of experimental neurosis in rabbits led to stable changes in the correlation between behavioural phases in "rest-activity", i.e. some prolongation of active phases and a considerable shortening of rest phases. The analysis of spatio-temporal organization of cortical potentials by comparing successive topograms showed that changes occurred not only in quantitative parameters of rest-activity phases but also in their qualitative characteristics. Thus the depth of the resting states in neurosis lessened and the spatio-temporal cortical potentials' characteristics during the active phases were disorganized. The described shifts in the cortex state probably hindered normal alternation of activity-rest behavioural phases providing for optimal conditions of animals' activity.

[Bioelectrical activity of the cortex and several subcortical formations in experimental neurosis]. / Bioélektricheskaia aktivnost' kory i nekotorykh podkorkovykh obrazovanii pri éksperimental'nom nevroze

Experimental neurosis was achieved in fifteen rabbits (both fixed on a stand and unrestrained) by sudden, drastic enhancement of a pain electrocutaneous stimulation used as reinforcement, at the stage of a stable elaborated avoidance reflex. The experimental neurosis was characterized by a prolonged (one to two months) disturbance of conditioned activity, greater motor restlessness, predominance of the fear type reactions, the animals' reduced weight, higher pulse and respiratory rate. Dynamics of the respiratory rate and brain bioelectrical activity became chaotic. Simultaneously, bioelectrical activity revealed greater similarity of the processes in the cortex and subcortical structures at one and the same moment. Analysis of the electrogram frequency spectra of different brain formations, pointed to an enhancement in all frequency ranges (with the exception of gamma), with a clear predominance of the 6 to 10 c/s band which was most distinctly expressed in the amygdaloid structures.