Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the head and neck.

OBJECTIVE: Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PE-NHL) of the head and neck is the second common site of extranodal lymphoma, accounting for approximately one-third of all extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (E-NHL). However, in recent years, large-scale PE-NHL case studies in China and worldwide are rare and not comprehensive enough. This work analyzed the clinical manifestations, pathological features, immunophenotypes and diagnosis of PE-NHL, as well as the factors affecting the treatment and prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on 74 patients who were diagnosed with head and neck PE-NHL and treated for the first time. The clinical manifestations, pathological features, and immunophenotypes were summarized, and the factors related to the treatment and prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS: The most common site of this disease was the Waldeyer's ring, followed by the nasal cavity. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common type, followed by extranodal NK T-cell lymphoma nasal type. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 76.4%, 67.9%, and 59.3%. The 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 89.4%, 85.6%, and 63.2%. ECOG score ≥ 2, Ann Arbor stage III or IV and IPI risk stratification identifying patients as the high-risk group were independent risk factors affecting the OS of patients with PE-NHL of the head and neck. CONCLUSIONS: The most common site of PE-NHL in these Chinese patients was the Waldeyer's ring, but the incidence in the nasal cavity was higher than that reported in Western countries. Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy had better efficacy than chemotherapy alone, and the prognosis depended on the ECOG score and clinical stage. IPI had a better prognostic value in patients in the high-risk group of head and neck PE-NHL.

[Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of thyroid invading the superior mediastinum with hashimoto's thyroiditis: a case report and literature review].

This article reports a case of primary thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the superior mediastinum with Hashimoto's thyroiditis admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University. This patient underwent right thyroid lobectomy and was transferred to the Department of Hematology of the Oncology Center for 6 courses of chemotherapy with R-CHOP protocol. The postoperative recovery was good, and the patient was regularly followed up for 12 months after the operation. The patient's condition was stable, and CT showed no abnormally high metabolism in the operation area indicating the inhibition of tumor activity, superficial lymph nodes and peripheral blood cells were normal. The case encountered many difficulties in the diagnosis process, and the diagnosis was not confirmed after puncture in two Grade III Class A hospitals in China. There are few patients with primary thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma complicated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and it is particularly rare to invade the mediastinum. There is no report in China and abroad in the literature we reviewed. Therefore, this article reports the case and retrospectively analyzes the etiology, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of primary thyroid lymphoma.

[Digital technology and children's maxillofacial management].

The maxillofacial region has multiple functions such as breathing, language, and facial expressions. Children's maxillofacial development is a complex and long process, which is affected by many factors such as genetics, diseases, bad habits and trauma. Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important concepts in children's maxillofacial management. Digital technology medicine is an emerging technology based on medical imaging and anatomy that has emerged in recent years. The application of this technology in the field of clinical medicine will undoubtedly bring great benefits to children's maxillofacial management. This article summarizes the research on digital technology in children's maxillofacial management, and focuses on the research on children's malocclusion, children's OSA, cleft lip and palate and other related diseases.

[Effect of tonsillotomy on the inflammation and immune function in children with chronic tonsillitis].

Objective:To investigate the changes of inflammation and immune function in children with chronic tonsillitis after tonsillotomy. Methods:Prospectively collected 60 children with obstructive sleep apnea （OSA） diagnosed as chronic tonsillitis with adenoids and tonsillar hypertrophy from January to June 2021. Two groups were divided, the experimental group （n=30） underwent bilateral partial tonsillectomy + adenoidectomy by hypothermia plasma ablation, and the control group （n=30） underwent adenoidectomy by using the same hypothermia plasma ablation method. The number of tonsillitis attacks before surgery and within one year after surgery was recorded, and the serum immunoglobulin IgM, IgG, IgA, complement C3 and complement C4 levels before operation, one month and three months after operation were measured. Results:The number of tonsillitis attacks in the experimental group and the control group at one year after surgery was lower than that before surgery（P<0.05）; The number of inflammatory attacks in the experimental group was （0.50±0.63） times/year, which was lower than that of （1.33±0.80） times/year in the control group. There was no significant difference in the five immunization results of the two groups at one month and three months after operation compared with before operation, and there was also no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups. Conclusion:Partial tonsillectomy can be applied to children with chronic tonsillitis, which can effectively reduce the number of tonsillitis attacks and has no effect on the immune function of children.