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Active Noise Control (ANC) systems play a crucial role in reducing unwanted noise in various settings. Traditional ANC methods, like the Filtered-x Least Mean Squares (FxLMS) algorithm, are effective in linear noise scenarios. However, they often struggle with more nonlinear and complex noise patterns. This paper introduces a novel approach using the brain storm optimization (BSO) algorithm in nonlinear ANC systems, which represents a significant departure from conventional techniques. The BSO algorithm, inspired by human brainstorming processes, excels in addressing the complexities of nonlinear noise by incorporating principles, such as delayed evaluation, free imagination, quantity and quality, and comprehensive improvement. By combining the BSO algorithm with an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), a new ANC system is proposed that can adapt to a wide range of noise types with improved speed and accuracy. Experimental results showcase the superior performance of the BSO algorithm, achieving an impressive noise reduction of up to 48 dB (dB) in a 500Hz sinusoidal noise scenario, with a convergence time as fast as 0.01 s, outperforming the FxLMS algorithm by a significant margin. Moreover, in complex environments with multi-frequency and random noise, the BSO algorithm consistently demonstrates better noise reduction and quicker convergence, reducing noise levels by up to 27 dB within 0.001 s. The innovative use of the BSO algorithm in ANC systems not only enhances noise reduction capabilities, especially for nonlinear and complex noise signals, but also improves convergence times, paving the way for future advancements in ANC technologies.
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OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively investigate clinical characterization and the long-term postoperative outcomes of retinoblastoma (RB) patients receiving enucleation with primary orbital implantation in early infancy (0-6 months old). METHODS: The clinical and follow-up data of 42 RB patients receiving enucleation with primary orbital implantation in early infancy at Beijing Tongren Hospital from December 2009 to January 2020 were analysed. The average follow-up time was 83 months. The patient group included 24 males and 18 females, 30 unilateral and 12 bilateral cases. A total of 44 eyes with 10 in stage D and 34 in stage E underwent 40 unilateral and 2 bilateral surgeries. 17 RB eyes received hydrogel and 27 RB eyes received hydroxyapatite implants. This study was performed by following the guideline of STROBE. RESULTS: Enucleation combined with primary orbital implantation promoted survival and was safe with few and minor complications such as increased secretion, upper eyelid ptosis, and sunken eye sockets which were not affected by stages, lateralities, or implant materials. 55-80% RB patients exhibited satisfactory appearance and obvious or moderate motility of orbital implants according to the evaluation by doctors and family members. Family members were likely more optimistic about the appearance and more pessimistic about motility of the orbital implantation than doctors did.The quality of life was high as indicated by PedsQL3.0 or PedsQL4.0 scores ( ⧠90 for > 75% patients). It was not affected by the stages, laterality, and implant materials, nor affected by the appearance and motility of the implants. CONCLUSIONS: The outcomes of the combination of enucleation and primary orbital implantation for pertinent RB patients in early infancy are generally satisfactory with few and minor complications, high safety, appearance, and overall quality of life. Enucleation combined with primary orbital implantation in early infancy benefits pertinent RB patients in appearance, survival, and quality of life.
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Enucleación del Ojo , Implantes Orbitales , Calidad de Vida , Neoplasias de la Retina , Retinoblastoma , Humanos , Retinoblastoma/cirugía , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de la Retina/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Retina/diagnóstico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Recién Nacido , Resultado del Tratamiento , PreescolarRESUMEN
Electricity production is a significant source of air pollution. Various factors, including electricity demand, generation efficiency, energy mix, and end-of-pipe control measures, are responsible for the emission changes during electricity generation. Although electricity production more than doubled from 1990 to 2017, air pollutant emissions showed a moderate increase or decrease, which was attributed to mitigating drivers such as increased clean energy use, improved power generation efficiency, and widespread installation of end-of-pipe control facilities. The absence of these mitigating drivers would have increased CO2, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, SO2, and NOx emissions in 2017 by 165 %, 403 %, 1070 %, 614 %, and 274 % than their actual levels, respectively. The improved electricity generation efficiency reduced potential CO2, PM2.5, SO2, and NOx emissions by 30 %, 295 %, 119 %, and 52 % compared to actual emissions, respectively. Meanwhile, the installation of end-of-pipe facilities reduced potential SO2 and PM2.5 emissions by 34.7 and 4.0 Tg, respectively. Considerable differences in emissions among countries were found to be attributable to their differences in electricity demand and the implementation of local mitigating polices.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , Dióxido de Carbono , Material Particulado , Centrales Eléctricas , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Dióxido de Carbono/análisis , Contaminación del Aire/estadística & datos numéricos , Contaminación del Aire/prevención & control , Material Particulado/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Dióxido de Azufre/análisisRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This case series and literature review evaluated the baseline variables, clinical symptoms, pathological characteristics, and prognosis of patients with orbital oncocytic carcinoma. METHODS: This retrospective case series collected the medical histories and other related data from 13 patients pathologically diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma. RESULTS: The average age of patients with orbital oncocytic carcinoma was 64.8 years, with a significantly higher rate of males than females. Furthermore, unilateral disease was more common than bilateral disease. All patients had surrounding tissue invasion, most commonly to extraocular muscles (69.2%) and bones (53.8%). The clinical manifestations were proptosis (30.8%), swelling of the lesion area (23.1%), vision loss (23.1%), diplopia (23.1%), periocular mass (23.1%), tears (15.4%), eye pain (7.7%), ptosis (7.7%), and visual field loss (7.7%). Microscopic examination revealed many large eosinophilic cells. There were obvious nuclei and abundant mitotic figures. The cancer cells expressed cytokeratin, but not P63 or S-100. The follow-up duration was 2-53 months, and the metastasis rate was 16.7%. The patients exhibited a good prognosis. The main treatment methods included surgical resection, surgery combined with radiotherapy, and the enucleation of ocular contents. CONCLUSIONS: Orbital oncocytic carcinoma has the immunohistochemical characteristics of eosinophilic tumor cells, with expression of cytokeratin but not P63 or S-100. The prognosis is favorable. Surgical resection, surgery combined with radiotherapy, and enucleation of intraocular material are effective treatment options. Nevertheless, long-term follow-up and close observation for metastases are required.
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China's strategy to concurrently address climate change and air pollution mitigation is hindered by a lack of comprehensive information on source contributions to health damage and carbon emissions. Here we show notable discrepancies between source contributions to CO2 emissions and fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-related mortality by using adjoint emission sensitivity modeling to attribute premature mortality in 2017 to 53 sector and fuel/process combinations with high spatial resolution. Our findings reveal that monetized PM2.5 health damage exceeds climate impacts in over half of the analyzed subsectors. In addition to coal-fired energy generators and industrial boilers, the combined health and climate costs from energy-intensive processes, diesel-powered vehicles, domestic coal combustion, and agricultural activities exceed 100 billion US dollars, with health-related costs predominating. This research highlights the critical need to integrate the social costs of health damage with climate impacts to develop more balanced mitigation strategies toward these dual goals, particularly during fuel transition and industrial structure upgrading.
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OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of ocular amyloidosis in a Chinese population. METHODS: A retrospective case series study was conducted. The clinical data of 37 patients with ocular amyloidosis were collected and the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: The 37 patients included 12 males and 25 females ranging in age from 22 to 75 years, with median age of 49 years. The clinical signs and symptoms included a conjunctival mass in 37 patients (100%), periorbital discomfort or pain in 29 patients (61.9%), ptosis in 18 patients (23.8%), exophthalmos or eyeball displacement in 3 patients (14.3%), restricted eye movement in 2 patients (9.52%), vision loss in 1 patient (4.76%), and diplopia in 1 patient (4.76%). A total of 29 patients had only conjunctival involvement and 8 patients had concomitant orbital and conjunctival involvement. The main treatment for patients with conjunctival involvement was surgical resection. Thirty-one patients had stable disease, 4 patients progressed or relapsed, and 2 patients were lost to follow-up. CONCLUSION: Ocular amyloidosis most commonly presents as an eyelid or conjunctival mass or diffuse thickening and can also present as an orbital mass. Diagnosis is mainly dependent on histopathological examination. Surgery is the main treatment and is done to confirm the diagnosis to guide further treatment, preserve function, and prevent complications that threaten visual acuity. Close postoperative follow-up is necessary.
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Amiloidosis , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Amiloidosis/diagnóstico , China/epidemiología , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Conjuntiva/epidemiología , Pueblos del Este de Asia , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Agudeza Visual/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Host-less lithium metal anode generally suffers from large volume changes and serious dendrite growth during cycling, which poses challenges for its practical application. Interpenetrating phase composites with continuous architectures offer a solution to enhance mechanical properties of materials. Herein, a robust composite Li anode (LBN) material is fabricated through the metallurgical reaction between Li and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) with the formation of interpenetrating LiB/Li3BN2 phases. As LiB fibers are anchored by Li3BN2 granules, the collapse and slippage of LiB fibers are suppressed whilst the mechanical strength and structural stability of LBN are reinforced. By rolling, ultrathin (15 µm), freestanding, and electrochemically stable LBN foil can be obtained. The LBN anode exhibits a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.69% (1 mA cm-2, 3 mAh cm-2) and a long lifespan of 2500 h (1 mA cm-2, 1 mAh cm-2). Notably, the LiCoO2 (with double-sided load 40 mg cm-2)|LBN pouch cell can operate over 450 cycles with a capacity retention of 90.1%. The exceptional cycling stability of LBN can be ascribed to the interpenetrating reinforcement architectures and synergistic electronic/ionic conductivity of the LiB/Li3BN2 dual-lithiophilic-phases. This work provides a new methodology for thin Li strip processing and reinforced-architecture design, with implications beyond battery applications.
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Food safety is related to human health and sustainable development. International food trade poses food safety risks through the collateral transport of toxic chemicals that are detrimental to human health. Domestic interprovincial trade has similar effects within countries but has not been comprehensively investigated previously. Here, we assessed the effects of interprovincial trade on food safety and human dietary exposure to short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), a group of emerging persistent toxic chemicals, in seafood across China by synthesizing data from field observation and various models. Our findings indicate that there is a higher level of SCCPs exposure risk in coastal provinces compared to inland provinces. Approximately, 70.3% of human exposure to SCCPs through seafood consumption in China was embodied in the interprovincial seafood trade in 2021. Specifically, the domestic trade led to a remarkable increase in SCCPs exposure in the coastal provinces in South China, attributable to low SCCPs pollution in these provinces and imported seafood from those provinces with high SCCPs pollution. In contrast, human exposure to SCCPs decreased in those coastal provinces in East China due to importing seafood from those provinces with low SCCPs concentrations. The interprovincial seafood trade routes were optimized by linear programming to minimize human exposure to SCCPs considering both shipping cost and health risk constraints. The optimized trade routes reduced the national per capita SCCPs exposure through seafood consumption by over 12%. This study highlights the importance of interprovincial food trade in the risk assessment of toxic chemicals.
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Giant cell reparative granuloma has a very low incidence and is thought to be a response to trauma. While there have been only a few reported cases of orbital giant cell reparative granuloma, we recently observed such a case and analyzed 16 previously reported cases of this type. It is important to note that further investigation is necessary to fully understand the relationship between giant cell reparative granuloma and trauma.
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Granuloma de Células Gigantes , Enfermedades Orbitales , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Humanos , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/diagnóstico , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/patología , Granuloma de Células Gigantes/cirugía , Enfermedades Orbitales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Orbitales/cirugía , Masculino , FemeninoRESUMEN
Chemotherapy remains the main approach conserving vision during the treatment of retinoblastoma, the most prevalent eye cancer in children. Unfortunately, the development of chemoresistance stands as the primary reason for treatment failure. Within this study, we showed that prolonged exposure to vincristine led to heightened expression of JAK1 and JAK2 in retinoblastoma cells, while the other members of the JAK family exhibited no such changes. Employing a genetic intervention, we demonstrated the efficacy of depleting either JAK1 or JAK2 in countering vincristine-resistant retinoblastoma cells. In addition, the dual depletion of both JAK1 and JAK2 produced a more potent inhibitory outcome compared to the depletion of either gene alone. We further demonstrated that ruxolitinib, a small molecular inhibitor of JAK1/2, effectively reduced viability and colony formation in vincristine-resistant retinoblastoma cells. It also acts synergistically with vincristine in retinoblastoma cells regardless of inherent cellular and genetic heterogeneity. The effectiveness of ruxolitinib as standalone treatment against chemoresistant retinoblastoma, as well as its combination with vincristine, was validated in multiple retinoblastoma mouse models. Importantly, mice exhibited favorable tolerance to ruxolitinib administration. We confirmed that the underlying mechanism of ruxolitinib's action in chemoresistant retinoblastoma cells is the inhibition of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling. Our study reveals that the underlying mechanism driving ruxolitinib's impact on chemoresistant retinoblastoma cells is the inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling. This study reveals the contribution of JAK1/2 to the development of chemoresistance in retinoblastoma and underscores the effectiveness of targeting JAK1/2 as a strategy to sensitize retinoblastoma to chemotherapy.
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Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Janus Quinasa 1 , Nitrilos , Pirazoles , Pirimidinas , Retinoblastoma , Vincristina , Retinoblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Retinoblastoma/patología , Nitrilos/farmacología , Pirimidinas/farmacología , Animales , Vincristina/farmacología , Pirazoles/farmacología , Humanos , Ratones , Janus Quinasa 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Janus Quinasa 1/metabolismo , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/efectos de los fármacos , Janus Quinasa 2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Janus Quinasa 2/metabolismo , Inhibidores de las Cinasas Janus/farmacología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Línea Celular Tumoral , Neoplasias de la Retina/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Retina/patología , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologíaRESUMEN
AIM: To explore the role of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) examination in the diagnosis and treatment of ocular adnexal mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (OAML). METHODS: The general clinical data, postoperative PET-CT results, treatment regimens, and the prognosis of 21 histopathologically confirmed OAML patients between October 2017 and September 2021 were collected. Among the 21 patients, five patients underwent surgical treatment alone, 13 patients underwent surgical treatment combined with radiotherapy, and three patients underwent surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy. RESULTS: The follow-up period ranged from 8 to 79mo, with four cases of recurrence and no deaths. Through PET-CT examination, two patients exhibited both local ocular metabolic elevation and systemic metastasis, and one of these patients had cervical lymph node metastasis, while the other had submandibular and parotid gland metastasis. Nine patients showed only local ocular metabolic elevation, while 10 patients had no abnormal metabolic activity locally. CONCLUSION: PET-CT examination plays a crucial role in detecting residual lesions and recurrence following tumor resection, aiding in precise disease staging, and facilitating the development of personalized treatment plans, ultimately improving patient prognosis.
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Introduction: Sebaceous gland hyperplasia of the eyelids, known as adenomatoid or pseudoadenomatous hyperplasia, is a rare benign condition. Optimal management strategies for this specific type of eyelid tumor require further investigation. Case presentation: The patient presented with a 21-year history of a progressively enlarged mass in the right lower eyelid. Previous treatments, including laser photocoagulation and surgical excision, have failed to prevent recurrence. The mass, characterized by a firm texture and low mobility, has raised concerns regarding malignancy. However, histopathological examination following surgical excision identified the mass as sebaceous gland hyperplasia. The patient's medical history was notable for benign gastrointestinal and intestinal polyps with no evidence of malignancy. Conclusions: A final diagnosis of eyelid sebaceous gland hyperplasia was established after surgical excision and comprehensive histopathological analyses. The patient's successful recovery without recurrence over a three-month follow-up period post-surgery highlights the efficacy of the surgical approach and the use of intraoperative frozen section pathological examination.
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Socio-economic activities like food trade can increase the uncertainty of human risk of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). We compared the change in model predicted α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) cancer risk (CR) with and without grain trade in mainland China. In scenario without grain logistics, α-HCH moved fast away from southern and southeastern China via northward atmospheric transport. However, the grain logistics from northeastern China delivers the α-HCH previously accumulated in northeastern sink back to densely populated areas in recent years, which enhance CR by >50 % in the southern seaboard of China. The northward movement of grain production center and recent grain deficiency in southern provinces induced by dietary pattern changes is identified as the major driving factors of the reversed transport of α-HCH. The finding highlights the potential of socio-economic activities that can otherwise offset the risk reduction effect of the geochemical cycle of POPs.
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Grano Comestible , Hexaclorociclohexano , China , Hexaclorociclohexano/análisis , Humanos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/estadística & datos numéricos , Transportes , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisisRESUMEN
Exploring high-sloping-capacity carbons is of great significance in the development of high-power lithium-ion batteries/capacitors (LIBs/LICs). Herein, an ion-catalyzed self-template method is utilized to synthesize the hydrogen-rich carbon nanoribbon (HCNR), achieving high specific and rate capacity (1144.2/471.8 mAh g-1 at 0.1/2.5 A g-1). The Li+ storage mechanism of the HCNR is elucidated by in situ spectroscopic techniques. Intriguingly, the protonated aromatic sp2-hybridized carbon (C(sp2)-H) can provide additional active sites for Li+ uptake via reversible rehybridization to sp3-C, which is the origin of the high sloping capacity. The presence of this sloping feature suggests a highly capacitance-dominated storage process, characterized by rapid kinetics that facilitates superior rate performance. For practical usage, the HCNR-based LIC device can deliver high energy/power densities of 198.3 Wh kg-1/17.9 kW kg-1. This work offers mechanistic insights on the crucial role of aromatic C(sp2)-H in boosting Li+ storage and opens up new avenues to develop such sloping-type carbons for high-performance rechargeable batteries/capacitors.
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Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxides (LRMOs) are promisingly used in high-energy lithium metal pouch cells due to high specific capacity/working voltage. However, the interfacial stability of LRMOs remains challenging. To address this question, a novel armor-like cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) model is proposed for stabilizing LRMO cathode at 4.9 V by exploring partially fluorinated electrolyte formulation. The fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and tris (trimethylsilyl) borate (TMSB) in formulated electrolyte largely contribute to the formation of 4.9 V armor-like CEI with LiBxOy and LixPOyFz outer layer and LiF- and Li3PO4-rich inner part. Such CEI effectively inhibits lattice oxygen loss and facilitates the Li+ migration smoothly for guaranteeing LRMO cathode to deliver superior cycling and rate performance. As expected, Li||LRMO batteries with such electrolyte achieve capacity retention of 85.7% with high average Coulomb efficiency (CE) of 99.64% after 300 cycles at 4.8 V/0.5 C, and even obtain capacity retention of 87.4% after 100 cycles at higher cut-off voltage of 4.9 V. Meanwhile, the 9 Ah-class Li||LRMO pouch cells with formulated electrolyte show over thirty-eight stable cycling life with high energy density of 576 Wh kg-1 at 4.8 V.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are of significant public concern because of their toxicity and long-range transport potential. Extensive studies have been conducted to explore the source-receptor relationships of PAHs via atmospheric transport. However, the transfer of trade-driven regional and global PAHs is poorly understood. This study estimated the virtual PAHs emission transfer embodied in global trade from 2004 to 2014 and simulated the impact of international trade on global contamination and associated human inhalation exposure risk of PAHs. Results show that trade-driven PAHs flowed primarily from developed to less-developed regions, particularly in those regions with intensive heavy industries and transportation. As the result, international trade resulted in an increasing risk of lung cancer induced by exposure to PAHs (27.8% in China, 14.7% in India, and 11.3% in Southeast Asia). In contrast, we found decreasing risks of PAHs-induced lung cancer in Western Europe (63.2%) and the United States (45.9%) in 2004. Our findings indicate that final demand and emission intensity are the key driving factors contributing to rising and falling consumption-based PAHs emissions and related health risk respectively. The results could provide a useful reference for global collaboration in the reduction of PAHs pollution and related health risks.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Hidrocarburos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Humanos , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Exposición por Inhalación/análisis , Comercio , Internacionalidad , China , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
Owing to the outstanding comprehensive properties of high energy density, excellent cycling ability, and reasonable cost, Ni-rich layered oxides (NCM) are the most promising cathode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To further enhance the specific capacity of Ni-rich layered oxides, it is necessary to increase the cut-off voltage to a higher level. However, a higher cut-off voltage can lead to substantial structural changes and trigger interface side reactions, presenting significant challenges for practical applications (cycle life and safety). Herein, to solve above issues, tris(hexafluoroisopropyl)borate (TFPB) is introduced as a high voltage electrolyte additive for LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 cathode. Based on detail in situ/ex situ characterization, this study proves that TFPB forms a protective solid-state interphase (SEI) layer on the Li-anode. Additionally, derivatives of TFPB are easily oxidatively decomposed to create a dense cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) film on the cathode. This CEI film effectively prevents the continuous oxidation of the electrolyte and mitigates the adverse effects of HF on the battery. Benefit from the protective SEI and CEI layer, the LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2||Li battery with a TFPB-containing electrolyte maintains an unprecedented level of performance, with a capacity retention of 89.1% after 100 cycles under the ultrahigh cut-off voltage of 4.6 V (vs Li/Li+).
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AIM: To evaluate lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) of prognosis in patients who underwent different treatment regimens. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for studies done on the treatment of LGACC, between January 1987 and April 2022. A Meta-analysis was conducted to pool the 5-year overall survival rate (OR), and the 5-year recurrence rate (RR) and 5-year metastasis rate (MR) were assessed. RESULTS: The 30 studies involved 585 patients were included in the Meta-analysis. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery alone was 50%, the 5-year RR was 63%, and the 5-year MR was 34%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy combined was 67% (95%CI 61%,73%), the 5-year RR was 41%, and the 5-year MR was 35%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 72% (95%CI 59%, 84%), the 5-year RR was 48%, and the 5-year MR was 36%. The pooled 5-year OR with surgery, intra-arterial cytoreductive chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy combined was 78% (95%CI 68%, 89%), the 5-year RR was 15%, and the 5-year MR was 27%. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive treatment is more effective than surgery alone. Surgery combined with intra-arterial chemotherapy and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy seems to add value to the therapeutic effect of comprehensive treatment of LGACC but further high-quality research is required to validate this.
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PURPOSE: The incidence of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma is low. This study was designed to analyze the clinical and prognostic characteristics of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma. METHODS: This was a clinical study and literature review; 25 patients diagnosed with lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma by histopathology were enrolled and their medical history data were collected. RESULTS: The incidence of bone destruction and surrounding tissue invasion was 52% and 44%, respectively. The incidence of distant metastasis of lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma was about 50%. The 5-year overall survival rate of death or metastasis was 33.5%. Age, sex, laterality, tumor size, pathology type, bone destruction, nerve or perineural invasion, invasion of peripheral tissue, T stage, AR, Her-2 and treatment had no significant correlation with lacrimal adenocarcinoma's prognosis (P > 0.05), while the higher expression of Ki-67 may have higher risk of death or metastasis (P = 0.020). CONCLUSION: The incidence of bone destruction and distant metastasis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma is high and the imaging examination is necessary to assess the risk of distant metastasis. The 5-year survival rate of death or metastasis is 33.5% and the high expression of Ki-67 predicts poor prognosis of lacrimal adenocarcinoma.
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Adenocarcinoma , Aparato Lagrimal , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67 , OncogenesRESUMEN
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) pose a new challenge to the marine environment due to their toxicity and persistence. This study explores the contributions of OPFR emissions from different land sources and sectors to its contamination of the East China Sea (ECS) using a novel atmospheric transport modelï¼ChnMETOPï¼for POPs and a marine food web model. The results show that the major land sources causing OPFR pollution in the ECS were situated in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and middle reach areas of China's Yangtze River, confirming that source proximity made most significant contributions to OPFR pollution in the ECS. Among those OPFR emission sectors, industrial emissions accounted for the highest modeled OPFR levels in the seawaters, followed by the OPFR usage process in textile, plastic, and rubber products. Assessment of bioaccumulation of OPFR in the marine food web of the ECS and the potential risk in commercial fish consumers reveals lower exposure risk via dietary fish ingestion. However, the risk might increase if OPFRs are continuously bioaccumulated in the biotic and released into the abiotic marine environment. This study simultaneously identified both the source locations and emission sectors, thereby providing important policy implications in mitigating OPFR pollution in the ECS marine environment.