[Impact of neutron radiation on the viability of tumor cells cultured in the presence of boron-10 isotope].

Objective: To investigate the impact of a neutron beam formed with the accelerator-based epithermal neutron source designed at the G.I. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP) on the viability of human and animal tumor cells cultured in the presence of boron-10 isotope. Material and Methods: Human U251 and T98G glioma cells and Chinese hamster CHO-K1 and V-79 cells were incubated at various concentrations in the culture medium containing 10B-enriched L-boronophenylalanine. The cells were irradiated with a neuron beam using the accelerator-based epithermal neuron source. A clonogenic assay was used to evaluate the viability of the irradiated cells. The absorbed doses obtained from elastic scattering of fast neutrons by substance nuclei and the doses obtained from boron neutron capture were calculated using the NMS code. The absorbed doses of gamma-radiation were measured with a mixed radiation dosimeter. Results: The viability of boron-containing and intact human U251 and T98G cell lines and Chinese hamster CHO-K1 and V-79 cells was analyzed after neutron beam radiation. Irradiation of all four cell lines were cultured in the presence of 10B was shown to reduce their colony-forming capacity compared with the control. Elevated boron levels in the culture medium resulted in a significant decrease in the proportion of survived cells. Radiation had the most pronounced impact on the proliferative capacity of the human U251 glioma cell lines. Conclusion: The cultures of human tumor cells and mammalian cells demonstrated that the neutron beam formed with the accelerator-based epithermal neutron source designed at the INP, was effective in reducing the viability of tumor cells in the presence of 10B.

[Characteristics of serum albumin in patients with intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke].

Authors studied the influence of the psychoemotional stress preceding the stroke on the dynamics of neurological symptoms (Glasgo coma scale, Scandinavian stroke scale and Barthel index) and on the conformational changes of albumin in 59 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage due to arterial hypertension. The psychoemotional stress was associated with less favorable clinical course and outcome of intracerebral hemorrhage. Conformational properties of albumin were changed in all patients with intracerebral hemorrhage compared to controls. Psychoemotional stress preceding stroke aggravated changes in albumin molecule.

Effect of epithermal neutrons on viability of glioblastoma tumor cells in vitro.

We studied in vitro effect of epithermal neutrons in various doses on viability of glioblastoma U87 tumor cells. Increasing the dose from 1.9 to 4.1 Sv promoted cell death. Cytofluorimetric analysis revealed no activation of apoptosis in the irradiated cells, which attested to necrotic death of the tumor cells exposed to epithermal neutron radiation.

[The circadian changes of plasma and blood viscosity and hematocrit in patients with ischemic stroke].

We studied the blood and plasma viscosity and hematocrit in patients with ischemic stroke and in a control group. Patients with ischemic stroke had a marked hyperviscosity and elevated hematocrit levels which were correlated with arterial hypertension, alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking. In women aged 45-55 years, viscosity and hematocrit were correlated with age that may be explained by the hormonal changes. People with ischemic stroke had three variants of circadian patterns of viscosity and hematocrit with peaks at 9 am, 3 pm and 9 pm. In some patents a strong correlation between the time of stroke onset and circadian pattern was observed.

[Antihypertensive treatment with eprosartan mesilate of patients in acute and late periods of ischemic stroke]. / Gipotenzivnaia terapiia mezilatom éprosartana v ostrom i otdalennom periodakh ishemicheskogo insul'ta.

Twenty patients with stroke of hemisphere localization developed as a result of arterial hypertension were treated with eprosartan mesilat. An estimation of the drug efficacy was conducted in comparison with other hypotensive medicines (control group). Eprosartan was used in dosage 600 mg daily. The study was carried out during 12 months, along with a monitoring of the most relevant hemodynamic indices, evaluation of somatic and neurological state of the patients as well as of some neuropsychological functions and quality of life, statistical significance of the results being determined. Pronounced hypotensive effect of the drug was found both in acute and late periods of stroke. Eprosartan mesilat monotherapy was effective in 75% of the patients. The most important feature proved to be a decrease of arterial pressure variability from the first days of the treatment, less frequency of secondary strokes being detected as well.

[Status and prospects for development of medical equipment at the state-of-the-art "Axion Holding" "Izhevskiy Motor Plant"]. / Sostoianie i perspektivy razvitiia proizvodstva meditsinskoi tekhniki na OAO "Izhevskii Motozavod" "Aksion-Kholding".

The joint stock company "Izhevsky Motor Plant "AXION-HOLDING" is a large manufacturer in different industrial branches, including medical equipment. The paper presents data on the status-of-the-art and prospects of development in producing medical equipment in several areas, including information on specific articles that are manufactured and promising.

[Mechanisms of resistance to quinolones and current level of sensitivity of clinically important microorganisms to ofloxacin]. / Mekhanizmy ustoichivosti k khinolonam i sovremennyi uroven' chuvstvitel'nosti klinicheski znachimykh mikroorganizmov k ofloksatsinu.

The data on the mechanisms of microbial resistance to fluoroquinolones are presented. Comparison of the susceptibility levels of the microorganisms isolated on the territory of Russia showed that among the gram-negative opportunistic isolates 84 per cent was susceptible to ofloxacin, 45 per cent to ampicillin/sulbactam, 70 per cent to cefotaxime, 80 per cent to ceftazidime, 85 per cent to amikacin and 62 per cent to gentamicin. Among the Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio cholerae isolates no strains were resistant to ofloxacin. Among the Salmonella isolates from patients more than 30 per cent was resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulmethoxasole and tetracycline. Among the Salmonella isolates 65 to 90 per cent was resistant to the antibiotics. Among the V.cholerae isolates 59 per cent was resistant to trimethoprim/sulmethoxasole.

[Characterization of antimicrobial properties of cefpirome]. / Kharakteristika antimikrobnykh svoistv tsefpiroma.

The results of a multicentre investigation of antibiotic susceptibility in 800 clinical isolates were analyzed. The levels of susceptibility to cefpirome and other antibiotics in gram-negative organisms with inducable production of chromosomal beta-lactamases (Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter and others) were compared and the advantages of cefpirome over other cephalosporins were shown: 89 per cent of the susceptible strains against 58 to 78 per cent. With respect to other microorganisms the advantages of cefpirome were less pronounced.