RESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Because the outcome of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains dismal, there is an urgent need for a better molecular characterization of this malignancy. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the prognostic impact of the expression of c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition (c-Met) a receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in expression growth, survival, motility/migration, and invasion in GMB patients managed according to the established diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. METHODS: Between May 2003 and March 2011, a total of 69 patients (33 males and 36 females; mean age: 52.2 ± 12.9 years, age range: 23-81 years) referred to our Department for the surgical removal of GBM were evaluated immunohistochemically for c-Met expression. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) served as the main outcome measures. RESULTS: Compared with c-Met- subjects (n = 38), c-Met+ subjects (n = 31) had both a significantly lower OS (15.3 ± 2.3 vs. 22.6 ± 2.5 months, respectively, p < 0.01) and PFS (12.3 ± 2.1 vs. 19.1 ± 2.6 months, respectively, p < 0.05). After allowance for potential confounders, multivariate Cox regression analysis identified c-Met+ as an independent predictor of both OS (hazard ratio = 1.7; 95 % confidence interval = 1.2-1.9, p < 0.01) and PFS (hazard ratio = 1.6; 95 % confidence interval = 1.1-2.3, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that c-Met immunohistochemical expression is an independent predictor of outcomes in patients with GBM treated by standard of care.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidad , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico , Glioblastoma/mortalidad , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-met/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/terapia , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Glioblastoma/metabolismo , Glioblastoma/terapia , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Nivel de Atención , Análisis de Supervivencia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine the prognostic significance of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2/neu, Ki-67, and nm23 immunohistochemical expression with respect to progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in Turkish patients with invasive breast cancer (IBC). METHODS: Patients with IBC (n = 81; mean age = 51.9 ± 11.1 years) were prospectively enrolled at the Department of Oncology, Uludag University Medical Center, Bursa, Turkey. Immunohistochemistry was performed on formalin- fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. RESULTS: We did not find any significant association between immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR, HER2/ neu, Ki-67, and nm23 and the baseline characteristics of IBC patients. The median patient PFS was 30 months (range 22-45), and the median OS was 32 months (range 23-46). Stratification of the patient population according to nm23 immunohistochemical expression revealed a statistically significant difference in terms of both OS (p < 0.05) and DFS (p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that tumor grade, axillary lymph node status, and nm23 immunohistochemical expression were the 3 main independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS in IBC patients. CONCLUSION: Reduced nm23 immunohistochemical expression is an independent negative prognostic factor for OS and PFS. Patients with negative nm23 expression may require a more intensive follow-up.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/química , Carcinoma/química , Antígeno Ki-67/análisis , Nucleósido Difosfato Quinasas NM23/análisis , Receptor ErbB-2/análisis , Receptores de Estrógenos/análisis , Receptores de Progesterona/análisis , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , Carcinoma/mortalidad , Carcinoma/patología , Carcinoma/terapia , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Invasividad Neoplásica , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , TurquíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Albeit the majority of gastric cancers occur at advanced age, little is known regarding the optimal systemic treatment of elderly patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). METHODS: Patients with AGC who were ≥ 65 years old and were treated with carboplatin (area under the curve/AUC 5,on day 1, every 3 weeks) plus docetaxel (75 mg/m(2), on day 1, every 3 weeks) at 3 institutions were included in this retrospective analysis. The efficacy and the safety data of the regimen were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 30 patients were enrolled. They received 128 cycles of chemotherapy, with a median of 4 cycles (range 2-8). Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) were observed in 2 (6.7%) and 10 patients (33.3%), respectively, amounting to an overall objective response rate (ORR) of 40%. Seven patients (23.3%) had disease stabilization (SD), and 11 (36.7%) showed disease progression (PD). The most common grade 3-4 toxicity was neutropenia occurring in 19 patients (63.3%). The mean progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.0 ± 0.5 months (95% CI: 5.0-7.4), and the mean overall survival (OS) 12.0 ± 1.0 months (95% CI: 9.2-12.1). CONCLUSION: Carboplatin plus docetaxel seems to be an active and well-tolerated regimen, representing a valuable alternative to cisplatin- and/or fluoropyrimidine-containing regimens for the treatment of elderly patients with AGC.
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Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Carboplatino/administración & dosificación , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Docetaxel , Femenino , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Gástricas/patología , Taxoides/administración & dosificación , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , TurquíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) have a complex biology which is reflected by a marked clinical heterogeneity. Thus, there has been great interest in identifying prognostic factors influencing tumor recurrence and survival. The aim of this study was to identify potential clinical and immunohistochemical prognostic factors that may affect survival and treatment outcomes in patients with metastatic GISTs. METHODS: Between 2000 and September 2011, a total of 41 patients with metastatic GISTs (29 males and 12 females; mean age: 57.4±11.8 years; range 29-74) were referred to the Department of Oncology, Uludag University Medical School. Survival analysis for a number of potential prognostic factors was made with the main outcome results of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS7rpar;. RESULTS: The most common sites of isolated metastases comprised the liver (n=18), followed by lymph nodes (n=5), the omentum (n=1), and the mesothelium (n=1). The remaining patients had metastases at multiple sites. Cox regression analysis identified ileal location as the only significant predictor of poor PFS both after first-line (p=0.023) and second-line therapy (p=0.016). Tumor location in the ileum (p=0.025) and S100 immunoreactivity (p=0.041) were both independent predictors of OS. CONCLUSION: Tumor site and S100 positivity were the main significant independent predictors of clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic GISTs treated by standard of care.
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Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/mortalidad , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/mortalidad , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/patología , Tumores del Estroma Gastrointestinal/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Pronóstico , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Proteínas S100/fisiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION The identification of novel prognostic markers may help to better assess survival probability in different subgroups of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to tailor treatment according to the molecular profile of the tumour. AIM We sought to examine whether the immunohistochemical expression of excision repair cross-complementing 1 (ERCC1), an essential component of the nucleotide excision repair pathway, may predict prognosis in NSCLC. MATERIAL AND METHOD Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour samples from 44 Turkish patients with NSCLC treated by adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy were included in the study. Immunohistochemical expression levels of ERCC1 were correlated with clinical outcomes by Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 29 patients had ERCC1-negative tumours while 15 had ERCC1-positive tumours. The mean progression- free survival (PFS) was significantly lower in patients with ERCC1-positive tumours (13±2 months) than in those with ERCC1-negative tumours (27±5 months, p<0.05). Similarly, the mean overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in patients with ERCC1-positive tumours (20±3 months) than in those with ERCC1-negative tumours (33±5 months, p<0.05). After allowance for potential confounders, Cox regression analysis demonstrated that ERCC1 expression was significantly associated with both PFS and OS (both p<0.05). CONCLUSION This study provides support for the prognostic value of ERCC1 immunohistochemical expression in patients with NSCLC treated by adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. If independently confirmed, these findings may improve prognostic stratification in this group of patients.
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Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Endonucleasas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/metabolismo , Quimioterapia Adyuvante/métodos , Cisplatino/administración & dosificación , Cisplatino/uso terapéutico , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , PronósticoAsunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Tumor de Células Granulares/tratamiento farmacológico , Tumor de Células Granulares/secundario , Antimetabolitos Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/administración & dosificación , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Tumor de Células Granulares/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , GemcitabinaRESUMEN
We have performed a prospective evaluation of the efficacy, safety and convenience of the transdermal therapeutic system - fentanyl (TTS-F) in Turkish cancer patients when it was newly available in Turkey. Ninety-nine patients with historically confirmed malignancy and pain entered the study; the mean age was 55.1 (16-58) years. The study duration was 28 days. Transdermal therapeutic system - fentanyl was used in opioid-naïve or pre-treated patients. Most patients reported a decrease in pain severity. Use of rescue medication decreased from day 4 to day 28. The majority of patients rated patch convenience of use as excellent. A total of 22.2% of patients experienced adverse events that were either probably related or very likely to be related to the study drug. The majority of the adverse events mentioned were related to the digestive system. Eighteen serious adverse events were reported by 13 patients. Six events were doubtfully related, and 12 events were not related to the study drug. Four patients died during the trial. None of these deaths was attributed to the study drug. In conclusion, the trial showed that TTS-F is easily managed, effective and will help to enable the appropriate opioid administration to patients who are suffering from cancer pain in Turkey.
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Analgésicos Opioides/administración & dosificación , Fentanilo/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Cutánea , Adolescente , Adulto , Analgésicos Opioides/efectos adversos , Femenino , Fentanilo/efectos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dimensión del Dolor , Estudios Prospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , TurquíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a dose limiting side effect of cyclophosphamide (CYP). AIM: In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of amifostine in the protection of CYP-induced HC and compare its efficacy with mesna. SETTING AND DESIGN: This animal study was conducted in the Experimental Animals Breeding and Research Center of the Medical Faculty of Uludag University. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male Wistar rats (150-200 g; 10 rats per group) were randomly assigned to four groups. Group I (control group) received no drugs, group II received CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) alone, group III received amifostine (200 mg/kg, i.p.) and CYP, and group IV received CYP and mesna (40 mg/kg, i.p.) immediately and 4 and 8 h after administration of CYP. Bladders of animals were assessed macroscopically and histologically 24 h later. Gross assessment for presence of edema and hemorrhage and histological evaluation of damage to the bladder were scored according to Gray's criteria. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: For macroscopic and microscopic data, we used statistical evaluation by Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis of variance followed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. RESULTS: All the animals in group II had evidence of HC. Significant histological damage and macroscopic changes were present in this group compared to control group (P<0.001). The median scores for bladder damage in group III and IV were significantly lower compared to group II (P<0.001). When the median scores for bladder damage of group I, III, and IV were compared, there was no significant difference among these groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the efficacy of amifostine in prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
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Amifostina/farmacología , Ciclofosfamida/toxicidad , Mesna/farmacología , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Protectores contra Radiación/farmacología , Animales , Cistitis/inducido químicamente , Cistitis/fisiopatología , Cistitis/prevención & control , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Hemorragia/fisiopatología , Hemorragia/prevención & control , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Vejiga Urinaria/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics with special emphasis on c-kit expression and the treatment results of patients with extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC). The medical records of the patients with EPSCC were reviewed, and the data regarding patient and tumour characteristics, treatment and clinical outcome were retrieved and analysed. A total of 28 patients with the diagnosis of EPSCC were identified. There were 19 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 56.5 years. Patients with limited disease (LD) (n = 13) were treated with surgery, chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy with different sequences. Patients with extensive disease (ED) (n = 15) were mainly treated with combination CT. The median overall survival was 14.5 months in patients with LD compared to 11 months in those with ED (p = 0.029). Ten patients (36%) showed c-kit overexpression. There was no significant difference between the survival of c-kit-positive and c-kit-negative patients (p = 0.367). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the prognosis of EPSCC is poor despite currently available treatments. C-kit may be considered as a potential target for novel therapeutical approaches.
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Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/genética , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-kit/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/terapia , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Neoplasias Gastrointestinales/terapia , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radioterapia Adyuvante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
There are conflicting data about the effects of cisplatin on erythropoietin (EPO) response to anemia. Aim of our study was to investigate whether endogenous EPO response to anemia in cisplatin treated patients was insufficient in comparison to the anemic chemotherapy-naive cancer patients and non cancer patients with iron deficiency anemia. Patients who had hemoglobin (Hb) levels of less than 110 g/l were included in the study. Fifteen chemotherapy- naive cancer patients were enrolled in Group A. Group B consisted of 15 patients who had been treated with three cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy and then became anemic and in Group C were included 15 patients who had iron deficiency anemia, without any malignancy. The mean Hb values were not different between all groups (102.8+/-39.8 g/l, 103.1+/-2.5 g/l and 99.3+/-3.6 g/l in Group A, Group B and Group C, respectively). However, EPO levels were found to be significantly lower in Group A and Group B than Group C (29.63+/-9.09 mU/ml, 20.87+/-2.43 mU/ml and 85.38+/-25.72 mU/ml, respectively; p=0.017 Group A vs. Group C, p=0.005 Group B vs. Group C). No significant difference was found between Group A and B (p=0.917). Opposite the iron deficiency anemia, cancer anemia is associated with an inadequate EPO response to anemia and administration of cisplatin does not lead to it further deterioration.
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Anemia Ferropénica/fisiopatología , Anemia/inducido químicamente , Anemia/fisiopatología , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Cisplatino/uso terapéutico , Eritropoyetina/sangre , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Cisplatino/farmacología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Anemia Aplásica/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia Aplásica/etiología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Trombocitopenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Trombocitopenia/etiología , Timoma/complicaciones , Timoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias del Timo/complicaciones , Neoplasias del Timo/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Esquema de Medicación , Humanos , Masculino , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Aldosterona/sangre , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Cisplatino/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/sangre , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Renina/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Cisplatino/efectos adversos , Humanos , Túbulos Renales/efectos de los fármacos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Renina/efectos de los fármacos , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efectos de los fármacosAsunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/secundario , Vértebras Cervicales , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/secundario , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Adulto , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorrectales/radioterapia , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Columna Vertebral/radioterapiaAsunto(s)
Cisplatino/farmacología , Eritropoyetina/metabolismo , Túbulos Renales/efectos de los fármacos , Anemia/sangre , Anemia/inducido químicamente , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Cisplatino/efectos adversos , Eritropoyetina/sangre , Humanos , Túbulos Renales/citología , Túbulos Renales/metabolismo , Neoplasias/sangre , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a distinct clinical and pathological entity other than small cell carcinoma of the lung. We present a case with EPSCC, with neurologic impairment due to brain metastases at initial diagnosis, which showed a complete response to combination chemotherapy. A 55-year-old male patient was first admitted with a mass of 6 x 6 cm in diameter in the right cervical region. The diagnosis of small cell carcinoma was entertained with immunohistopathologic and light microscopic findings. During the period of investigation the tumor showed rapid progression and the patient had neurologic dysfunction with right hemiparesia, and papilla oedema in fundoscopy. Cranial CT showed supratentorial multiple cranial metastases and peritumoral oedema. Since the patient refused radiotherapy, combination chemotherapy was started (Etoposide 100 mg/sq m i.v., days 1,3,5 and cisplatin 80 mg/sq m i.v., day 1). A fast response to the chemotherapy was observed with rapid disappearance of the cervical mass. Following six cycles of the chemotherapy the patient recovered fully and all the lesions disappeared with CT.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundario , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/secundario , Neoplasias Primarias Desconocidas , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Clinical, epidemiological, and pathological studies have demonstrated that asbestosis plays a major role in the etiology of mesothelioma. The direct exposure of workers in industrialized countries to asbestos fibers and nonoccupational household contact elevate the risk of malignant mesothelioma. An increased risk has been found in certain geographic areas of Turkey due to the presence of asbestos deposits and the use of the material known as "white soil" as an insulation. We present a malignant mesothelioma case from rural eastern Turkey with a history of asbestos exposure from using "white soil". We review the epidemiological aspects of asbestos as they relate to mesothelioma.
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Amianto/efectos adversos , Mesotelioma/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias Peritoneales/inducido químicamente , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Peritoneales/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Gastric carcinoma of the intestinal type is assumed to develop from precancerous gastric lesions. It is now widely accepted that Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection causes chronic gastritis and, after a period of time, intestinal metaplasia (IM). It was suggested that these gastric lesions may evolve into gastric carcinoma after a lengthy latency period. HP seropositivity is high in Turkey at early ages. This may explain the high incidence of gastric carcinoma in this geographic region. In this study, we examine the relationship between HP and IM in endoscopic gastric biopsy specimens. We examined 840 biopsies taken from 210 patients. HP positivity and the presence of IM were examined in these specimens by histopathologic methods. HP positivity was also determined by CLO testing. HP was positive in 156 of the 210 patients examined (74.3%). The distribution of HP seropositivity did not differ between age groups (p > 0.05). IM was present in 101 patients in the entire study group (48%). Among the 156 HP-positive patients, the rate of IM was 44.8% (n = 70). The rate of IM among the 54 HP-negative patients was 57.4% (n = 31), which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). IM positivity has been shown to increase in older age, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). We were not able to show a relationship between HP seropositivity and IM. Increased HP seropositivity at an early age is a common risk factor in our population. We must consider other factors that may contribute to the increased rate of IM in older age groups.
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Infecciones por Helicobacter/patología , Helicobacter pylori , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Carcinoma/epidemiología , Carcinoma/microbiología , Femenino , Infecciones por Helicobacter/epidemiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Masculino , Metaplasia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lesiones Precancerosas/epidemiología , Lesiones Precancerosas/microbiología , Prevalencia , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiología , Turquía/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The presence of incomplete colonic type of intestinal metaplasia (IM) is regarded as a risk factor for gastric carcinoma. In this study, we attempted to classify the subtypes of IM in our patients and examine their relationship to Helicobacter pylori (HP). Gastric biopsies were obtained from 210 patients. The HP positivity and the presence and type of IM were determined by histopathologic methods. HP positivity was also tested by the CLO test. The subtypes of IM were classified according to Ming's classification. IM was present in 101 of 210 patients (48%). Complete type intestinal metaplasia was present in 72 of 101 patients (71.3%), incomplete type IM was seen in 29 of 101 patients (28.7%), and incomplete colonic type (Type IIc) was found in 7 of 101 patients (6.9%). No significant relationship was found between subtypes of IM and HP positivity (p > 0.05). Although our patient group is small, our findings suggest that the carcinogenity of HP is mostly related to its own mutagenic activity as well as the mutagenic activity of the inflammatory cells present in response to HP rather than to its supposed effect on precancerous gastric lesions.
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Mucosa Gástrica/patología , Gastritis/microbiología , Infecciones por Helicobacter/patología , Helicobacter pylori , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Enfermedad Crónica , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiología , Gastritis/patología , Humanos , Metaplasia/clasificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Lesiones Precancerosas/microbiología , Lesiones Precancerosas/patología , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologíaRESUMEN
Cancer patients are treated successfully with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of both. However, many agents used in cancer chemotherapy as well as ionizing radiation are known carcinogens. The long survival of cancer patients treated successfully for their primary cancer made possible the observations of late effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and, in particular, the occurrence of second primary cancers. In this report we review the cases of five patients with second primary malignancies and wish to emphasize the importance of a thorough follow-up of patients treated successfully for and possibly cured of a primary cancer.