Genetic Mapping and Phenotypic Analysis of GstE14 E.4.1 on Eye and Antennae Development in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetic screens are valuable for identifying novel genes involved in the regulation of developmental processes. To identify genes associated with cell growth regulation in Drosophila melanogaster , a mutagenesis screen was performed. Undergraduate students participating in Fly-CURE phenotypically characterized the E.4.1 mutant which is associated with rough eyes and antennae overgrowth. Following complementation analysis and subsequent genomic sequencing, E.4.1 was identified as a novel mutant allele of GstE14 , a gene involved in ecdysone biosynthesis important for the timing of developmental events. The abnormal eye and antenna phenotypes observed resulting from the loss of GstE14 suggest its role in tissue growth.

Genomics of Re-Emergent Aeromonas salmonicida in Atlantic Salmon Outbreaks.

Furunculosis, caused by Aeromonas salmonicida, poses a significant threat to both salmonid and non-salmonid fish in diverse aquatic environments. This study explores the genomic intricacies of re-emergent A. salmonicida outbreaks in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Previous clinical cases have exhibited pathological characteristics, such as periorbital hemorrhages and gastrointestinal abnormalities. Genomic sequencing of three Chilean isolates (ASA04, ASA05, and CIBA_5017) and 25 previously described genomes determined the pan-genome, phylogenomics, insertion sequences, and restriction-modification systems. Unique gene families have contributed to an improved understanding of the psychrophilic and mesophilic clades, while phylogenomic analysis has been used to identify mesophilic and psychrophilic strains, thereby further differentiating between typical and atypical psychrophilic isolates. Diverse insertion sequences and restriction-modification patterns have highlighted genomic structural differences, and virulence factor predictions can emphasize exotoxin disparities, especially between psychrophilic and mesophilic strains. Thus, a novel plasmid was characterized which emphasized the role of plasmids in virulence and antibiotic resistance. The analysis of antibiotic resistance factors revealed resistance against various drug classes in Chilean strains. Overall, this study elucidates the genomic dynamics of re-emergent A. salmonicida and provides novel insights into their virulence, antibiotic resistance, and population structure.

Tratamiento endoscópico ambulatorio en un paciente con coledocolitiasis de gran tamaño / Outpatient endoscopic treatment in a patient with choledocholithiasis of great size

Se presenta el caso clínico de un anciano de 75 años de edad, operado desde hacía 18 meses por presentar colelitiasis sintomática, quien acudió al cuerpo de guardia del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba con dolor en hipocondrio derecho de tipo cólico biliar, intenso y con aparición posprandial tardía, acompañado de náuseas, vómitos, íctero verdínico, coluria, hipocolia e inapetencia. Los exámenes complementarios efectuados confirmaron el diagnóstico de coledocolitiasis de gran tamaño, por lo cual se le realizó colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica, esfinterotomía endoscópica y litotricia mecánica dentro del lumen coledociano. Se extrajeron con éxito todos los fragmentos resultantes del cálculo y la evolución posoperatoria resultó favorable. El paciente egresó antes de las 24 horas de haber sido intervenido, fue reevaluado a los 5 días y se le dio el alta definitiva, totalmente asintomático

The case report of a 75 year-old man, surgically treated for 18 months due to a symptomatic cholelithiasis who attended the emergency room from Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, with pain in the right hypochondrium of intense biliary-colic type and with late postprandial occurrence, accompanied by nauseas, vomits, green jaundice, brown urine, hipocolia and inappetence is presented. Additional tests confirmed the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis of a great size, reason why he was surgically treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic sphincterotomy and mechanical lithotripsy inside the choledochal lumen. All the resulting fragments of the stones were successfully extracted and the postoperative clinical course was favorable. The patient was discharged before the 24 hours of the surgery, he was re-examined after 5 days and he was definitively discharged completely asymptomatic

Esteroides inhalados: pilar fundamental en el tratamiento actual del asma / Inhaled steroids: Fundamental pillar in the present treatment of asthma

El asma bronquial es una de las enfermedades a las que más se enfrenta el médico cubano, y un mejor conocimiento de su fisiopatología ha provocado modificaciones en la estrategia terapéutica. Con el propósito de actualizar conocimientos referentes al tema de los antiinflamatorios esteroides y el uso de los dispositivos para la terapia inhalatoria, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica, para lo cual se consultó la información disponible en Medline, Medscape, Infomed y Doyma; se realizó además un bosquejo sobre la evolución fisiopatológica del asma y su repercusión en la terapéutica actual; se resumieron los aspectos más importantes de la terapia por vía inhalatoria, los dispositivos empleados para este fin, así como las drogas más usadas; y se concluyó que son fundamentales en el tratamiento del asma y que deben ser usados precozmente en todo asmático crónico, que los efectos adversos son mínimos usados adecuadamente, y que es de importancia capital el uso correcto de esos inhaladores

Migraña: un reto para el médico general integral

La migraña es motivo frecuente de consulta en medicina general. Avances en su fisiopatología han provocado cambios en la terapéutica, y con el objetivo de actualizar los conocimientos respecto al tema y brindar un material ameno y actualizado, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para lo cual se consultó la información disponible en Infomed, Doyma, Medscape, Medline e Internet. Se expuso la hipótesis más actualizada sobre fisiopatología, los criterios diagnósticos vigentes en la actualidad, así como el arsenal terapéutico más moderno. Se trató el problema de forma integral, individualizando el tema en el niño, la embarazada y durante la menstruación. Se concluyó que es una entidad frecuente, pero controlable; que existen modernos y potentes fármacos, que deben usarse escalonada e individualmente; que los costos económicos y sociales son enormes, y que es necesario valorar al paciente integralmente si queremos resultados alentadores.

Migraine is a frequent cause of consultation in comprehensive general medicine. The advances attained in the physiopathology of this disease have brought about changes in therapy, so, with the aim of updating knowledge on this topic and providing an updated and readable paper, a literature review was made based on information available on Infomed, Doyma, Medscape, Medline and Internet. The most current hypothesis on physiopathology, the diagnostic criteria used at present as well as the most modern therapeutic arsenal are set forth. Migraine was comprehensively addressed, focusing on the child, the pregnant woman and the menstruation period. It is concluded that this is a frequent malaise but can be controlled, that there are potent and modern drugs which should be used on a staggered and individual basis, that the economic and social costs are huge and that it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the patient if encouraging results are to be achieved.