Prevalencia y factores de riesgo del comportamiento anormal estereotipado aerofagia en el caballo criollo colombiano / Prevalence and Risk Factors of Abnormal Stereotyped Crib-Biting Behavior in the Colombian Creole Horse

RESUMEN La aerofagia es la estereotipia clásica más común en los equinos, con una etiología poca entendida; sin embargo, se reconoce por ser de naturaleza multifactorial. Además, se ha asociado con efectos negativos sobre la salud de los equinos portadores. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los factores de riesgo y la frecuencia de presentación de la aerofagia en una población de caballos criollos colombianos (CCC). Fueron encuesta-dos 42 criaderos, entre los que se presentó un total de 1063 CCC (488 machos y 575 hembras). De esta población, el 5,27% (56 animales) fue plenamente identificado con aerofagia. Esta prevalencia fue superior a la mayoría de otros reportes de Sur América. La aerofagia, posiblemente obedeció tanto a factores inherentes al animal como a factores externos relacionados con el manejo; sin embargo, se requiere el diseño de estudios longitudinales sobre prácticas de manejo y de líneas dentro de la raza para cuantificar y validar la información relacionada con la posible predisposición genética o racial a la aerofagia y a otras estereotipias y comportamientos anormales observados en estos animales.

ABSTRACT Crib-biting is the most common classic stereotype in equines, with a poorly understood etiology; however, it is recognized for being multifactorial in nature. Furthermore, it has been associated with negative effects on the health of horses. The objective of this study was to describe the risk factors and the frequency of presentation of crib-biting in a population of Colombian Creole Horses (CCC by its Spanish acronym). We surveyed Forty-two properties, which meant a total of 1063 CCC (488 males and 575 females). Of this population, 5,27% (56 animals) were fully identified with crib-biting. This prevalence was higher than most other reports in South America. Crib-biting is possibly due to both inherent of the animal and external factors related to management; however, the design of longitudinal studies on management practices and genetic lines within the breed is required to quantify and validate the information related to the possible genetic or racial predisposition for this and other stereotypes and abnormal behaviors observed in horses.

Two new species of Atopophlebia Flowers, 1980 (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae) from Colombia.

Atopophlebia pacis sp. nov. and Atopophlebia caldasi sp. nov. are newly described based on material from Colombia, Putumayo and Caldas, respectively. Both species are known from nymphs and alate stages, male imago for A. pacis, male subimago, female imago and eggs for A. caldasi. This is the first description of eggs of the genus. The following characteristics are useful for distinguishing the males of the new species: A. pacis sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore wings hyaline, veins yellow (Fig. 2); 3) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 4) abdominal segments yellowish, terga VIII with conspicuous triangular anterolateral black mark (Fig. 1); 5) apical projection of penis lobe short; A. caldasi sp. nov., 1) eyes meeting on meson of head; 2) fore tibia completely tinged with black; 3) abdominal segments orange, posterior margin of all terga tinged with black, black bands broader on terga V to VIII. Egg of A. caldasi is characterized by presenting a prismatic shape with longitudinal chorionic depressions at the sides and concave polar regions. An updated key for male adults of Atopophlebia is presented.

Role of Matrix Gla protein in midface development: Recent advances.

Craniofacial development is a delicate process that involves complex interactions among cells of multiple developmental origins, their migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Tissue morphogenesis of the craniofacial skeleton depends on genetic and environmental factors, and on specific signaling pathways, which are still not well understood. Developmental defects of the midface caused by the absence, delays, or premature fusion of nasal and maxillary prominences vary in severity; leading to clefts, hypoplasias, and midline expansion. In the current review, we focus on the importance of the chondrocranium in craniofacial growth and how its impaired development leads to midface hypoplasia. More importantly, we reported how Matrix Gla protein (MGP), a potent inhibitor of extracellular matrix mineralization, facilitates midface development by preventing ectopic calcification of the nasal septum. In fact, MGP may act as a common link in multiple developmental pathologies all showing midface hypoplasia caused by abnormal cartilage calcification. This brief review discusses the gap in knowledge in the field, raises pertinent questions, which remain unanswered, and sheds light on the future research directions.

Síndrome de Peutz Jeghers

Se presenta el caso de un hombre joven son Síndrome de Peutz Jeghers quien presentó hemorragia digestiva alta manejada endoscópicamente e intusucepción intestinal que requirió manejo quirúrgico. Se revisa el tema

Pólipos gástricos. Revisión de 5 años Hospital General Universitario de La Samaritana

Presentamos en esta revisión la prevalencia de los pólipos gástricos en la Unidad de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Digestiva del Hospital General Universitario la Samaritana (HGUS). Se analizaron las características de los mismos y los hallazgos histológicos, al igual que su manejo

Cáncer gástrico: revisión del tema y experiencia en el Hospital General Universitario de la Samaritana

Se revisan los aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos y terapéuticos del cáncer gástrico, resaltando la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de esta enfermedad. se analizan en forma comparativa las revisiones realizadas en el Hospital de La samaritana entre 1966 y 1976, y 1982 y 1992