[Accidental ingestion of dental prostheses; 2 scenarios in the management and outcome. Case reports]. / Ingestión accidental de prótesis dental, 2 panoramas en el manejo y evolución. Reporte de casos.

BACKGROUND: Foreign body ingestion is the second cause of endoscopic emergency in the elderly, and dentures are the most frequent accidently ingested objects. Once in the stomach, their expulsion can be expected in 4 to 6 days. The treatment is wait and see in asymptomatic patients, but preventive endoscopic removal can also be performed. OBJECTIVE: To present 2 scenarios of the outcome and treatment in patients with foreign body ingestion. CASE REPORT: Patient under study due to weight loss, with a denture detected by abdominal x-ray, ingested inadvertently a year ago. A laparotomy was required as extraction by colonoscopy failed, due to excessive inflammation. The second case, of 24-hour onset, was due to the ingestion of a partial denture. As duodenal endoscopy extraction was unsuccessful, the patient was kept under observation. When it did not pass the caecum, it was extracted by colonoscopy, with no further complications and shorter hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up can be by simple abdominal x-ray, with endoscopic management if there is insufficient progress. In one of our cases, the outcome was unfavourable due to time of ingestion, and endoscopic management was not possible, whereas in the second case colonoscopy was performed early with success. Proper diagnostic and timely treatment mark the difference in the progression and outcome of the ingestion of foreign bodies.

[Efficiency of laparoscopic vs endoscopic management in cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis. Is there any difference?] / Eficiencia del manejo laparoscópico vs. endoscópico en colelitiasis y coledocolitiasis. ¿Existe diferencia?

BACKGROUND: Concomitant cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis is a disease where incidence increases with age and can have serious complications such as pancreatitis, cholangitis and liver abscesses, but its management is controversial, because there are minimally invasive laparoscopic and endoscopic surgical procedures. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficiency in the management of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis with laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration vs cholangiopancreatography endoscopic retrograde+laparoscopic cholecystectomy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Retrospective analysis of a five year observational, cross sectional multicenter study of patients with cholelithiasis and concomitant high risk of choledocholithiasis who were divided into two groups and the efficiency of both procedures was compared. Group 1 underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration and group 2 underwent cholangiopancreatography endoscopic retrograde+laparoscopic cholecystectomy. RESULTS: 40 patients, 20 were included in each group, we found p=0.10 in terms of operating time; when we compared hospital days we found p=0.63; the success of stone extraction by study group we obtained was p=0.15; the complications presented by group was p=0.1 and the number of hospitalizations by group was p ≤ 0.05 demonstrating statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Both approaches have the same efficiency in the management of cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis in terms of operating time, success in extracting stone, days of hospitalization, postoperative complications and conversion to open surgery. However the laparoscopic approach is favourable because it reduces the number of surgical anaesthetic events and the number of hospital admissions.

[Myxoid liposarcoma of the anterior mediastinum. A case report and bibliography review]. / Liposarcoma mixoide de mediastino anterior. Reporte de caso y revisión de la bibliografía.

UNLABELLED: Five cases per year. Of those cases 50% are located in the extremities and 40% are located in the trunk and retroperitoneum. Primary mediastinal liposarcomas represent less than 1% of mediastinal tumors. CLINICAL CASE: A 53 year old female, native and resident of Tabasco, with a history of anterior mediastinal tumor was treated with resection at the National Institute of Cancerology about 16 years ago with histopathological diagnosis of pleomorphic liposarcoma. She started her condition with chest pain, cough and hyaline expectoration, managed as pneumonia in her unit. Other symptoms occurred, moderate exertion dyspnea and edema of lower limbs, chest computed tomography prompted for documenting mediastinal tumor measured to be 9 × 9 cm and sent to our unit which is managed with resection.

Antecedentes: la incidencia de sarcomas de tejidos blandos es de 1.8 a 5 casos por año; 50% aparecen en las extremidades, 40% en el tronco y retroperitoneo. Los liposarcomas primarios de mediastino representan menos de 1% de los tumores mediastinales. Caso clínico: paciente femenina de 53 años de edad, originaria y residente de Tabasco, con antecedente de liposarcoma pleomórfico de mediastino anterior (durante su tercer embarazo) 16 años antes de su ingreso actual; fue tratada en el Instituto Nacional de Cancerología con resección y radioterapia. Acudió a su unidad de adscripción por dolor torácico, tos y expectoración hialina, la trataron como neumonía. Después se agregó disnea de medianos esfuerzos, y edema de miembros pélvicos; con la tomografía computada de tórax se diagnosticó un tumor mediastinal delimitado de 9 × 9 cm; la enviaron a nuestra unidad para su resección. Conclusiones: los liposarcomas representan menos de 1% de los tumores del mediastino, y requieren seguimiento a largo plazo por su alta recidiva después de un largo periodo libre de enfermedad.