Alcohol testing and alcohol involvement among violent deaths by state, 2014-2016.

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) testing rates vary across states, potentially biasing estimates of alcohol involvement in violent deaths. The National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) collects information on violent deaths, including decedents' BACs. This study assessed characteristics of violent deaths by BAC testing status, and the proportion of decedents with a positive BAC or BAC ≥ 0.08 g/dL. NVDRS data from 2014 to 2016 (2014: 18 states; 2015: 27 states; 2016: 32 states) were analyzed to assess BAC testing (tested, not tested, unknown/missing) by state, decedent characteristics, and death investigation system (e.g., state medical examiner, coroners), in 2019. The proportion of violent deaths with a BAC > 0.0 or ≥ 0.08 g/dL was also assessed. Among 95,390 violent death decedents, 57.1% had a BAC test (range: 9.5% in Georgia to 95.8% in Utah), 2.3% were not tested, and 40.6% had an unknown/missing BAC testing status (range: 1.3% in Alaska to 78.0% in Georgia). Decedents who were 21-44 years, American Indian/Alaska Native or Hispanic, died by poisoning, died by undetermined intent, or were investigated by a state medical examiner were most likely to receive BAC testing. Among the violent deaths with a reported BAC, 41.1% had a positive BAC and 27.7% had a BAC ≥ 0.08 g/dL. About 2 in 5 violent deaths were missing data on alcohol testing. Increased testing and reporting of alcohol among violent deaths could inform the development and use of evidence-based prevention strategies (e.g., increasing alcohol taxes, regulating alcohol outlet density) for reducing violent deaths.

Using Urine Drug Testing to Estimate the Prevalence of Drug Use : Lessons Learned From the New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2013-2014.

OBJECTIVES: Estimating the prevalence of drug use in the general population is important given its potential health consequences but is challenging. Self-reported surveys on drug use have inherent limitations that underestimate drug use. We evaluated the performance of linking urine drug testing with a local, representative health examination survey in estimating the prevalence of drug use in New York City (NYC). METHODS: We used urine drug testing from the NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NYC HANES) to estimate the prevalence of drug use (benzodiazepines, cocaine, heroin, and opioid analgesics) among the study sample and compare the findings with self-reported responses to questions about past-12-month drug use from the same survey. RESULTS: Of 1527 respondents to NYC HANES, urine drug testing was performed on 1297 (84.9%) participants who provided urine and consented to future studies. Self-reported responses gave past-12-month weighted estimates for heroin, cocaine, or any prescription drug misuse of 13.8% (95% CI, 11.6%-16.3%), for prescription drug misuse of 9.9% (95% CI, 8.1%-12.1%), and for heroin or cocaine use of 6.1% (95% CI, 4.7%-7.9%). Urine drug testing gave past-12-month weighted estimates for any drug use of 4.3% (95% CI, 3.0%-6.0%), for use of any prescription drug of 2.8% (95% CI, 1.9%-4.1%), and for heroin or cocaine use of 2.0% (95% CI, 1.2%-3.6%). CONCLUSION: Urine drug testing provided underestimates for the prevalence of drug use at a population level compared with self-report. Researchers should use other methods to estimate the prevalence of drug use on a population level.

Machado de Assis e sua leitora Nise da Silveira / Machado de Assis y su lector Nise da Silveira / Machado de Assis and his reader Nise da Silveira

Neste artigo, trabalhamos com duas áreas de conhecimento: Literatura e Psicologia Junguiana. Nossa proposta é interdisciplinar: pretendemos analisar dois contos intitulados "O espelho" e "A causa secreta", do escritor brasileiro Machado de Assis, a partir dos trabalhos junguianos da psiquiatra brasileira Nise da Silveira.

In this article, we will be working with two areas of knowledge: Literature and Jungian Psychology. Our proposal is interdisciplinary: we intend to analyze two short stories entitleds, O espelho and A causa secreta, by Brazilian writer Machado de Assis, from the point of view of Jungian works by Brazilian psychiatric Nise da Silveira.

En este artículo, trabajaremos con dos áreas de conocimiento: Literatura y Psicología Junguiana. Nuestra propuesta es interdisciplinaria: pretendemos analizar dos historias cortas tituladas, O espelho y A causa secreta, del escritor brasileño Machado de Assis, considerando las obras junguianas de la psiquiatra brasileña Nise da Silveira.

Reflexões sobre a prática da supervisão na formação profissional: uma perspectiva junguiana / Reflections on the practice of supervision in vocational training: a junguian perspective / Reflexiones sobre la práctica de la supervisión en la formación profesional: una perspectiva junguiana

Este ensaio pretende apresentar uma reflexão inicial a propósito da prática da supervisão, seu papel na formação profissional e da especificidade que possui na formação clínica, a partir do horizonte da teoria junguiana. A supervisão é uma das atividades básicas de integração entre teoria e prática. Entendemos que a supervisão seja fundamental para a formação de uma analista junguiano e precisamos refletir sobre suas especificidades, pois ela insere um dado que é eminentemente qualitativo na formação e no ensino da psicologia junguiana, seja pela singularidade da compreensão e da síntese produzida pelo supervisionando, seja pela referência a um terceiro, à relação terapêutica ou ao campo de atuação que se encontram presentes no processo de ensino-aprendizagem na forma de relato. Por outro lado, há questões que são levantadas quanto à prática do supervisor, como os critérios de avaliação do supervisionando e a eficácia do processo de supervisão.

This essay intends to present an initial reflection on the practice of supervision, its role in the professional training and its specificity in the clinical training, from the standpoint of the Jungian theory. Supervision is one of the basic activities of integration between theory and practice. We understand that supervision is fundamental to the formation of a Jungian analyst and we need to reflect on its specificities because it inserts data that is eminently qualitative in the formation and teaching of Jungian psychology, either because of the singularity of the comprehension and synthesis produced by the supervised person, or because of the reference to a third party, the therapeutic relationship or field of action, which are present in the teaching-learning process in the form of story. On the other hand, some issues are raised regarding the practice of the supervisor, including the evaluation criteria of the supervised person and the effectiveness of the supervision process.

Este ensayo pretende presentar una reflexión inicial a propósito de la práctica de la supervisión, su papel en la formación profesional y especificidad que posee en la formación clínica, a partir del horizonte de la teoría Junguiana. La supervisión es una de las actividades básicas de integración entre teoría y práctica. Entendemos que la supervisión es fundamental para la formación de una analista Junguiano y necesitamos reflexionar sobre sus especificidades, pues inserta un dato que es eminentemente cualitativo en la formación y en la enseñanza de la psicología Junguiana, sea por la singularidad de la comprensión y de la síntesis producida por la supervisión, sea por la referencia a un tercero, la relación terapéutica o el campo de actuación, que se encuentran presentes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la forma de relato. Por otro lado hay cuestiones que se plantean en cuanto a la práctica del supervisor, una de ellas, los criterios de evaluación del supervisor y la eficacia del proceso de supervisión.

A GIS-based Matched Case-control Study of Road Characteristics in Farm Vehicle Crashes.

BACKGROUND: Farm vehicle-related crashes (crashes) are hazardous for farm and non-farm vehicle users; however, most studies examine risk factors of injury given a crash, and shed little light on risk factors of crashes. We evaluated the association of road sinuosity and gradient with crashes in nine Midwestern States from 2005 to 2010. METHODS: We collected crash data from the state departments of transportation, and road segment data from the Environmental Sciences Research Institute. We measured gradient and sinuosity of road segments using ArcGIS. A road segment with a crash was defined as a case (n = 6,848), and that without a crash was defined as a control. Controls were matched to cases by ZIP code, road type, and length in 1:1 (controls = 6,808) matching scheme. In addition, a 1:many control matched scheme was employed such that all road segments adjacent to the case would serve as controls (n = 24,390). We computed odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariable conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: The adjusted OR of a crash on a road segment with 6%-10% gradient was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.75) as compared with a leveled (<1% gradient) road segment. Compared with a straight (<1% sinuosity) road segment, the adjusted OR of a crash on a road segment with 6%-10% sinuosity was 0.38 (95% CI: 0.29, 0.52). CONCLUSIONS: Roads with increased gradient and sinuosity had fewer farm crashes. These associations may be due to cautious driving behaviors on curvy or steep roads and road side signage alerting drivers of impending curve or grade.

Disaster Preparedness in Rural Families of Children With Special Health Care Needs.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe disaster preparedness strategies and behaviors among rural families who have children with special health care needs and to examine the effect of self-efficacy and response-efficacy on disaster preparedness. METHODS: Data for this study were drawn from the baseline surveys of 287 rural families with children with special health care needs who were part of a randomized controlled trial examining the impact of an intervention on disaster preparedness. Distributions of child, parent, and family characteristics were examined by preparedness. Linear regression models were built to examine the impact of self-efficacy and response-efficacy on level of disaster preparedness. RESULTS: Disaster preparedness (overall, emergency plan, discussion/practice, and supplies) was low (40.9-69.7%) among study families. Disaster preparedness was found to increase with each unit increase in the level of self-efficacy and family resilience sources across all 4 categories of preparedness. CONCLUSIONS: Disaster preparedness among rural families with children with special health care needs is low, which is concerning because these children may have increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes compared to the general population. Results suggest that increasing the levels of self-efficacy and family resilience sources may increase disaster preparedness.

Metabolic network analysis integrated with transcript verification for sequenced genomes.

With sequencing of thousands of organisms completed or in progress, there is a growing need to integrate gene prediction with metabolic network analysis. Using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a model, we describe a systems-level methodology bridging metabolic network reconstruction with experimental verification of enzyme encoding open reading frames. Our quantitative and predictive metabolic model and its associated cloned open reading frames provide useful resources for metabolic engineering.

Restaurações classe II estéticas com modificação na base forradora: relato de caso clínico / Class II esthetic restorations with modified liner: clinical case report

Considerável atenção tem sido destinada aos fracassos das restaurações de classe II e V cuja margem gengival encontra-se em dentina ou cemento. Diversas pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas na tentativa de reduzir a microinfiltração nestas áreas. A incapacidade de selamento da interface material restaurador/estrutura dental, em específico na região cervical é ocasionada principalmente pela associação de fatores como contração de polimerização do material restaurador e características dos substratos condicionados. Isto acarreta a formação de fendas, que se refletem em problemas de significância clínica, como sensibilidade pós-operatória, invasão bacteriana e cáries secundárias. O surgimento de alternativas clínicas com a finalidade de minimizar os problemas supracitados vem acontecendo, e este caso clínico descreve uma relativamente nova técnica restauradora com modificação na base protetora, cuja colocação é estendida até o ângulo cavossuperficial, que vem apresentando bom comportamento experimental, seja laboratorial ou clínico

Contribuiçöes da psicologia junguiana para o pensamento complexo: ruptura e totalidade no pensamento de C. G. Jung / Contributions of jungian psychology to the complex thought: rupture and totality in C. G. Jung's work

Esse artigo se propöe a apontar a concepçäo epistemológica da psicologia analítica dentro da proposta do novo paradigma para a psicologia clínica e da Teoria das Estranhezas. Começaremos com um breve histórico da psicologia de C. G. Jung e a seguir discutiremos sua postura epistemológica, dando continuidade a alguns autores da psicologia analítica, nos utilizaremos, também, da perspectiva aberta por novos modelos de ciência que surgem