Case Report of a Hidden Intruder-Extremely Rare Presentation of Hydatidosis as a Nuchal Tumoural Mass.

Introduction: The parasitic tapeworm impersonated by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus represents the aetiology of the hydatid pathology. The predilect site of invasion is the liver, but there are other cases of different localization all over the body, regardless of the type of invaded tissue. Soft tissue hydatidosis can be a real challenge for the clinician in terms of the diagnosis, and it might generate various complications such as anaphylactic shock. The aim of the present work is to illustrate a unique case of primary hydatidosis located in the nuchal region. Case Report: We report the case of a 68-year-old male patient, a zootechnic, who presented at the hospital with a tumoural mass (dimension: about 12/10 cm) located in the nuchal region. The complex approach needed consisted of surgical therapy along with histopathological confirmation of the diagnostic and antiparasitic medication, which led to a complete recovery with a low probability of recurrence. Discussion: Encounters with patients with primary soft tissue hydatidosis are exceptionally rare, but the surgeon must take into consideration this clinical diagnosis, especially for patients located in an endemic region with occupations that might have exposed the patient to this type of parasite.

Cytomorphological study of thyroid carcinoma.

The most common neoplasm of the endocrine system is found in the thyroid gland with a significant increase in recent decades largely due to modern diagnostic methods. Thyroid tumors generally have a favorable evolution, but there are also aggressive variants with a poor prognosis. In these aggressive tumors, the most reliable method of detecting and making a differential diagnosis is represented by ultrasound-guided fine-needle cytopuncture, confirmed by histopathological examination. Although fine-needle aspiration puncture and cytological examination are considered to have a high sensitivity and specificity, diagnostic certainty is established later only by histopathological examination. Fine-needle aspiration cytopuncture of the thyroid gland correlated with histopathological examination has played a crucial role in recognizing and identifying variants of papillary carcinoma known to have aggressive biological behavior, especially in cases of poorly differentiated carcinoma. Recognition of aggressive variants of papillary carcinoma is of major importance in the prognosis and clinical management of patients. The aim of this study was to present the correlations found in a series of thyroid tumors from patients treated in surgery and oncology departments, as well as tumors accidentally detected during autopsies in the department of forensics. All the cases selected in the study benefited from a complex histopathological diagnosis adapted to each case in order to ensure maximum efficiency.

Large cell neuroendocrine cervical tumor treated by radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy: A case report and literature review.

Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the uterine cervix are rare, but extremely aggressive, gynecological malignancies that are associated with an overall poor prognosis. The present study reports the case of a 41-year-old patient diagnosed with large cell neuroendocrine cervical tumor. A radical total hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic and lymph node dissection was performed. The post-operative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on post-operative day 8.

A morphometric approach in breast cytology--geometrical descriptors in the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions.

This study focuses on the analysis of geometric descriptors that can be applied in breast cytology, and their correlation with the qualitative features, with the aim to underline the differences between the benign and malignant cell profile. The morphometric investigation was performed on smears obtained by fine needle aspiration, 10 cases (group 1) diagnosed as benign and 10 cases (group 2) as malignant. For group 2, the malignancy was histopathologically confirmed on the surgical resection specimen. The sequence of automated operation, previously reported by us, permitted the extraction of the following geometrical descriptors: cytoplasmic area, nuclear area, nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, equivalent diameter and form factor. We analyzed the differences between the benign and malignant morphometric features, and the correlation between the malignant morphometric features and cytological, respectively histological grading. Statistically significant difference in cytoplasmic areas, nuclear areas, value of nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio and equivalent diameter was noted between group I and II. For the form factor, we did not register statistically significant differences. For group 2, the correlation between the morphometric features and cytological grading revealed that the nuclear area is the most valuable descriptor, due to the significant differences between the three successive grades of cytological severity, followed by the cytoplasmic area and equivalent diameter, their numerical values presenting significant differences between cytological grade 1 and 3, and 2 and 3, respectively. The statistical analysis between the morphometric features and histological grading showed that nuclear area and equivalent diameter are the most viable indicators, due to the significant differences present between the three successive grades of pathologic severity, followed by cytoplasmic area (significant differences only for grade 2 versus 3) and for nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio (significant differences only for grade 1 versus 2). The form factor does not provide information that could be correlated with the cytological or histological grading. The defined morphometric features enable the characterization of benign and malignant cells and provide objective criteria that could support a differentiation of benign from the malignant pathology in the cytological diagnosis.