RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The transcription factor DOF AFFECTING GERMINATION1 (DAG1) is a repressor of the light-mediated seed germination process. DAG1 acts downstream PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR3-LIKE 5 (PIL5), the master repressor, and negatively regulates gibberellin biosynthesis by directly repressing the biosynthetic gene AtGA3ox1. The Dof protein DOF AFFECTING GERMINATION (DAG2) shares a high degree of aminoacidic identity with DAG1. While DAG1 inactivation considerably increases the germination capability of seeds, the dag2 mutant has seeds with a germination potential substantially lower than the wild-type, indicating that these factors may play opposite roles in seed germination. RESULTS: We show here that DAG2 expression is positively regulated by environmental factors triggering germination, whereas its expression is repressed by PIL5 and DAG1; by Chromatin Immuno Precipitation (ChIP) analysis we prove that DAG1 directly regulates DAG2. In addition, we show that Red light significantly reduces germination of dag2 mutant seeds. CONCLUSIONS: In agreement with the seed germination phenotype of the dag2 mutant previously published, the present data prove that DAG2 is a positive regulator of the light-mediated seed germination process, and particularly reveal that this protein plays its main role downstream of PIL5 and DAG1 in the phytochrome B (phyB)-mediated pathway.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/embriología , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , Germinación/efectos de la radiación , Luz , Proteínas Represoras/metabolismo , Semillas/embriología , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Ácido Abscísico/farmacología , Arabidopsis/efectos de los fármacos , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/efectos de la radiación , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Factores de Transcripción con Motivo Hélice-Asa-Hélice Básico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/genética , Oscuridad , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas/efectos de la radiación , Genes de Plantas , Germinación/genética , Giberelinas/metabolismo , Giberelinas/farmacología , Mutación/genética , Fitocromo B/metabolismo , Semillas/efectos de la radiación , Factores de Transcripción/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The transcription factor DOF AFFECTING GERMINATION1 (DAG1) is a repressor of seed germination acting downstream of the master repressor PHYTOCROME INTERACTING FACTOR3-LIKE 5 (PIL5). Among others, PIL5 induces the expression of the genes encoding the two DELLA proteins GA INSENSITIVE 1 (GAI) and REPRESSOR OF ga1-3 (RGA). RESULTS: Based on the properties of gai-t6 and rga28 mutant seeds, we show here that the absence of RGA severely increases dormancy, while lack of GAI only partially compensates RGA inactivation. In addition, the germination properties of the dag1rga28 double mutant are different from those of the dag1 and rga28 single mutants, suggesting that RGA and DAG1 act in independent branches of the PIL5-controlled germination pathway. Surprisingly, the dag1gai-t6 double mutant proved embryo-lethal, suggesting an unexpected involvement of (a possible complex between) DAG1 and GAI in embryo development. CONCLUSIONS: Rather than overlapping functions as previously suggested, we show that RGA and GAI play distinct roles in seed germination, and that GAI interacts with DAG1 in embryo development.
