Fe/N co-doped mesoporous carbon derived from cellulose-based ionic liquid as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst toward nitro aromatic compound reduction reaction.

Iron and nitrogen-doped carbon substances with abundant active sites that related to dispersion of heteroatom species (Fe and N) on the surface of carbonous structure, are promising choice for eco-friendly catalytic reactions. Herein, cellulose-based ionic liquid (IL) derivative not only employed as the both nitrogen and iron heteroatom precursors, but also has been used as the green and biodegradable substrate. The non-noble Fe-NC@550, was successfully fabricated by convenient carbonization of cellulose-based IL. Further, the FeCl4- anion was used as the iron precursor and also it has been applied to elevate the SSA (specific surface area) of catalyst (from 40.96 to 160.42 m2/g) due to the presence of chlorine. On the basis of several pertinent physicochemical and experimental outcomes, the structure of the catalyst was successfully proved in different synthetic steps. As expected, the Fe-NC@550 exhibited the substantial efficiency toward hydrogenation of nitroarenes with high TOF value and also remarkable reusability.

Pyrolysis of functional cellulose by ionothermal method to synthesis of mesoporous triazine carbon for supporting of Pd and its application.

A mesoporous triazine-based carbon (MTC) supported Pd nanoparticles was synthesized and found to be a retrievable and efficient heterogeneous catalyst for Heck cross-coupling reaction between various aryl halides and alkenes. The MTC-supported Pd catalyst is synthesized by ionothermal methodology followed by high temperature pyrolysis of functional cellulose (Cell-CN) and trimerization of nitrile groups in the presence of ZnCl2. A combination of different analysis such as FT-IR, Raman, XRD, FE-SEM, HRTEM, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and TGA confirm the successfully preparation of catalyst. The presence of ZnCl2 and also nitrile groups during pyrolysis process is proved to create a mesoporous structure with high specific surface area (1216.8 m2 g-1) which achieved from BET analysis. This heterogeneous catalyst represents a high stability and catalytic activity towards Heck cross-coupling reaction in optimized reaction condition.

A Simple and One-pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans and Spirooxindoles Catalyzed by H-Fe3O4@DA-SO3H as an Efficient, Light and Reusable Nanocatalyst.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: One of the principles of green chemistry is using inexpensive reagents and catalysts to design green route for synthesis of organic compounds. Recently magnetic nanoparticles have provided a considerable merits. In this study, hollow Fe3O4@Dopamine-SO3H has been successfully applied for the green synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans and spirooxindoles via one-pot multi-component reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chemical reagents were purchased from Merck and Aldrich. Melting points were determined using an Electrothermal 9100. Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectra were recorded with a Shimadzu 8400 spectrometer and Bruker spectrometer, respectively. RESULTS: The reaction between benzaldehyde, malononitrile and dimedone was selected as the model for synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran. The obtained results showed that the best amount of catalyst is 0.01 g and the reaction has occurred in solvent free condition at 70°C. The results showed that both electron-withdrawing and electron-donating substituents have an acceptable yield in the reaction. After that the scope of this method was evaluated in one-pot synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives through three-component reaction of isatin derivatives, malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate and 1,3-cycllic diketone. The optimum condition was 0.01 g catalyst using H2O under reflux condition. Then other derivatives produced in excellent yields during short reaction times. CONCLUSION: Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and spirooxindole derivatives in the presence of this catalyst were synthesized. The ease of preparation and handling of the catalyst and operational simplicity are some of the main advantages of this work. In addition, the catalyst could be recycled and reused at least six times without notable reduction in its catalytic activity.