"More than just a medical student": a mixed methods exploration of a structured volunteering programme for undergraduate medical students.

BACKGROUND: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic Imperial College School of Medicine developed a structured volunteering programme involving 398 medical students, across eight teaching hospitals. This case study aims to explore the relationship between the processes, context, participant experiences and impacts of the programme so that lessons can be learned for future emergencies and service-learning programmes. METHODS: Using an illuminative approach to evaluation we invited all volunteers and supervisors to complete a mixed-methods survey. This explored differences in experience across demographics and contextual factors, correlations between aspects of induction, supervision and overall experience, and reviewed the impacts of the programme. Quantitative responses were statistically analysed and qualitative reflections were thematically coded to triangulate and explain quantitative findings. Follow up interviews were carried out to check back findings and co-create conclusions. RESULTS: We received responses from 61 students and 17 supervisors. Student participants described predominantly altruistic motivations and transformational changes to their professional identity driven by feeling included, having responsibility, and engaging in authentic workplace-based learning afforded by freedom from the assessed curriculum. They reported new perspectives on their future professional role within the multidisciplinary team and the value of workplace-based learning. They reported increases in wellbeing and self-esteem related to feeling included and valued, and positively contributing to service provision at a time of need. Significantly higher overall satisfaction was associated with a personalised induction, active supervision, earlier stage of training, and male gender. Gender-related differences were not explained through our data but have been reported elsewhere and warrant further study. The duration, intensity and type of role that volunteers performed was similar across demographics and did not appear to modulate their overall experience. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst acknowledging the uniqueness of emergency volunteering and the survey response rate of 15% of volunteers, we suggest the features of a successful service-learning programme include: a learner-centred induction, regular contact with engaged and appreciative supervisors, and roles where students feel valued. Programmes in similar settings may find that service learning is most impactful earlier in medical students' training and that students with altruistic motivations and meaningful work may flourish without formal outcomes and assessments.

Perspectives of Clinical Teaching Fellows on preparedness for practice: a mixed-methods exploration of what needs to change.

Supporting medical students in their transition to newly qualified doctor is an important educational priority. Clinical Teaching Fellows (CTFs), as both recent graduates and trained educators, are uniquely positioned to suggest curricular enhancements to support preparedness for practice. Our mixed-methods approach involved CTFs across eight UK teaching hospitals. We conducted five activity-oriented focus groups to explore what CTFs felt needed to change to increase preparedness for practice. We analysed these focus groups to create a dataset of their suggestions followed by a survey. The survey invited CTFs to rate and rank these suggestions in relation to their own self-rated preparedness for practice, with qualitative insights into their choices. We explored commonalities and differences between high and low confidence participants, with findings qualitatively illuminated. 24 CTFs attended focus groups from which we identified 28 curriculum items and 10 curriculum agendas. We collected 23 complete survey responses. All confidence groups rated communicating with colleagues and managing working life as unmet needs, whereas core clinical competencies such as history and examination were well met. Participants with low confidence identified more complex clinical competencies including clinical decision making, task prioritisation and end-of-life care as unmet needs, with decision making and prioritisation being the most important. Confident graduates rated higher professional competencies such as quality improvement, career planning and education as unmet needs but of low importance. Graded transition of responsibility was the highest ranked curriculum agenda. Qualitative insights included suggestions for how learning in clinical environments could be enhanced. Our findings suggest that transitioning from student to newly qualified doctor could be supported by graded entrustment and enhanced shadowing opportunities. Other recommendations include prioritising more complex clinical competencies, identifying wellbeing as part of preparedness for practice, equipping students to communicate with colleagues and aligning higher professional competencies with learners' needs.

Whole consultation simulation in undergraduate surgical education: a breast clinic case study.

BACKGROUND: Safe and effective clinical outcomes (SECO) clinics enable medical students to integrate clinical knowledge and skills within simulated environments. This realistic format may better prepare students for clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate how simulated surgical clinics based on the SECO framework aligned with students' educational priorities in comparison with didactic tutorials. METHODS: We delivered two breast surgery SECO-based simulated clinics to Year 3 students during their surgical attachments at a London teaching hospital. All students attended a didactic breast surgery tutorial the previous week. Pre- and post-session surveys and post-session debriefs were used to explore learning gain, processes, preferences and impacts on motivation to learn. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis to categorise student views into themes. RESULTS: Seventeen students enrolled in the simulated clinics and debriefs. Students expressed that passing examinations was a key extrinsic motivating factor, although the SECO-based format appeared to shift their motivation for learning towards aspiring to be clinically competent. Self-reported confidence in clinical skills such as history taking and examination improved significantly. Active learning methods were valued. Students expressed a preference for simulated clinics to complement, but not replace, tutorial-based learning. CONCLUSION: The SECO-based simulated clinic promoted a shift towards intrinsic motivation for learning by allowing students to recognise the importance of preparing for clinical practice in addition to passing examinations. Integration of surgical simulated clinics into the undergraduate curriculum could facilitate acquisition of clinical skills through active learning, a method highly valued by students.