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1.
Reprod Toxicol ; 128: 108654, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38960207

RESUMEN

Testicular torsion (TT) is a urological condition that can result in infertility in men. The etiopathogenesis of TT includes ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) characterized by oxidative stress (OS), inflammation and apoptosis resulting from increased levels of free radicals. Usnic acid (UA), a dibenzofuran, is one of the most common metabolites found in lichens and is known to possess powerful antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective activity of UA in an experimental testicular IRI model for the first time. A total of 18 rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n=6): sham control, IRI and IRI+UA. The IRI groups underwent a four-hour period of ischemia and a two-hour period of reperfusion. The OS, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis markers in testicular tissue were evaluated using colorimetric methods. Furthermore, tissue samples were subjected to histological examination, with staining using hematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological findings supported by increased OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis levels were obtained in IRI group compared with sham control group. However, UA treatment restored these pathological and biochemical changes. Although this study provides the first preliminary evidence that UA may be used as a useful molecule against testicular IRI, further extensive molecular preclinical studies should be performed before clinical use is considered.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis , Benzofuranos , Estrés del Retículo Endoplásmico , Daño por Reperfusión , Testículo , Animales , Masculino , Benzofuranos/farmacología , Benzofuranos/uso terapéutico , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Estrés del Retículo Endoplásmico/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/efectos de los fármacos , Testículo/patología , Testículo/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratas , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico
2.
Cureus ; 16(4): e57814, 2024 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38590982

RESUMEN

Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a genetic condition caused by errors in DNA repair genes that cause colorectal cancer (CRC). The literature contradicts the frequency of MSI in sporadic CRCs and its effect on prognosis. This study investigated the distribution of clinicopathologic features and the relationship between MSI and survival outcomes. Methodology This is a retrospective study of 101 consecutive cases of CRC and immunohistochemical studies. All cases were retrospectively reviewed and reevaluated by histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, tumor borders, dirty necrosis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), Crohn's-like lymphoid reaction, mucinous and medullary differentiation, and tumoral budding from pathological slides. An immunohistochemical study was performed in appropriate blocks for using MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6, and PMS-2. We collected the clinical stage, pathological tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, age, sex, tumor diameter, distant metastasis, localization, and survival information from patients' clinical data. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding age, gender, tumor diameter, histological grade, tumor border, dirty necrosis, TILs, N and M stage, perineural and lymphovascular invasion, mucinous differentiation, medullary differentiation, and tumor budding characteristics of the patients. The MSI-H group was more frequently located in the right colon and transverse colon (p < 0.001), and the T stage was higher among them than in the MSI-L group (p = 0.014). Upon multivariate regression analysis, MSI status had no significant effect on survival time. Age and stage N and M were independent prognostic factors for colon cancer prognosis. Conclusions Our study presented the distribution of clinicopathological features and their relationship with MSI for 101 regional CRC patients. MSI status was detected by immunohistochemistry. Identifying MSI in CRCs may help personalize therapy planning. As the distribution of the features may vary from population to population, further investigations are needed on this topic.

4.
Urol Int ; 107(10-12): 971-976, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37913756

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: There is an ongoing debate whether to perform orchiectomy or orchidopexy following testicular torsion (TT) in cases where the testis seems non-viable. The main problem is lack of objective criteria defining testicular viability. The aim of this study was to investigate the grade of injury in orchiectomy specimens obtained from cases of TT and its association with clinical findings. METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study involved double-blinded reassessment of the patient files and the pathological specimens using Mikuz classification to analyze the relation between clinical and pathological findings. RESULTS: A total of 289 patient charts from 14 centers were reviewed and 228 were included in this study. Twenty (8.8%) patients had grade 1 injury which refers to reversible injury. The clinical findings of these 20 patients were compared to 208 patients with higher grades of injury. As expected, there was statistically significant difference regarding duration of symptoms (p < 0.001); however, range was wide in both groups (as long as 96 h for grade 1 and as short as 7 h for higher grades). There was no statistically significant difference in any other variable including age (median 14 for both, p = 0.531), symptoms (pain: 19/20 vs. 189/202, p = 0.801; swelling: 13/19 vs. 168/197, p = 0.094), absence of blood flow in Doppler US (15/19 vs. 164/197, p = 0.635), or degree of torsion (median 720° for both, p = 0.172). CONCLUSION: Our study revealed necessity for better criteria to define viability of testis following TT. Histopathological injury appeared to be reversible even in some patients with more severe perioperative findings, late admission, or high degree of twisting. Our findings support the tendency for testicular fixation instead of orchiectomy as none of the clinical or perioperative findings could be attributed to high-grade injury.


Asunto(s)
Torsión del Cordón Espermático , Masculino , Humanos , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/cirugía , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/diagnóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Testículo/cirugía , Testículo/irrigación sanguínea , Orquiectomía , Orquidopexia
5.
Tissue Cell ; 85: 102256, 2023 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37918215

RESUMEN

Reproductive toxicity is a serious side effect of cisplatin (CP) chemotherapy. Gentisic acid (GTA) is a phenolic acid with strong antioxidant properties. Here, we aimed to determine therapeutic effect of GTA against CP-induced testicular toxicity in rats for the first time. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single dose of CP (5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal) and treated with GTA (1.5 and 3 mg/kg; intraperitoneal; 3 consecutive days). The levels of oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis biomarkers were assessed in the testicular tissue of rats. In addition, how CP affects the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and the effect of GTA on this situation were also addressed in the testicular tissue. CP administration induced histopathological changes in testicular tissue of rats with a significant increase in OS, inflammation, ERS and apoptosis biomarkers and a decrease in antioxidant capacity and Nrf2 expression levels. Administrations of GTA resulted in an amelioration of these altered parameters. These data suggest that GTA may be a potential therapeutic agent against CP-induced testicular toxicity. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway plays a key role of this therapeutic effect of GTA.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Cisplatino , Ratas , Masculino , Animales , Cisplatino/toxicidad , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Factor 2 Relacionado con NF-E2/metabolismo , Apoptosis , Transducción de Señal , Testículo/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Estrés del Retículo Endoplásmico , Inflamación/patología , Biomarcadores/metabolismo
7.
Abdom Radiol (NY) ; 48(7): 2349-2360, 2023 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37071122

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in the differentiation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes. METHODS: This is a retrospective diagnostic performance study, in which the diagnostic performances of mpMRI features were evaluated to differentiate clear cell RCC (ccRCC) from non-clear cell RCC (non-ccRCC). Adult patients who were evaluated using a 3-Tesla dynamic contrast-enhanced mpMRI before undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy for possible malignant renal tumors were included in the study. Signal intensity change percentages (SICP) between contrast-enhanced phases and pre-administration period for both the tumor and normal renal cortex, and tumor-to-cortex enhancement index (TCEI); tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values; tumor-to-cortex ADC ratio; and a scale which was developed according to the tumor signal intensities on the axial fat-suppressed T2-weighted Half-Fourier Acquisition Single-shot Turbo spin Echo (HASTE) images were used in ROC analysis to estimate the presence of ccRCC in the patients. The reference test positivity was the histopathologic examination of the surgical specimens. RESULTS: Ninety-eight tumors from 91 patients were included in the study, and 59 of them were ccRCC, 29 were pRCC, and 10 were chRCC. The mpMRI features that had the three highest sensitivity rates were excretory phase SICP, T2-weighted HASTE scale score, and corticomedullary phase TCEI (93.2%, 91.5%, and 86.4%, respectively). However, those with the three highest specificity rates were nephrographic phase TCEI, excretory phase TCEI, and tumor ADC value (94.9%, 94.9%, and 89.7%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Several parameters on mpMRI showed an acceptable performance to differentiate ccRCC from non-ccRCC.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Renales , Neoplasias Renales , Imágenes de Resonancia Magnética Multiparamétrica , Carcinoma de Células Renales/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma de Células Renales/patología , Neoplasias Renales/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Diagnóstico Diferencial
10.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 65(2): 311-315, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35435364

RESUMEN

Background: Invasive solid papillary carcinomas (ISPC) are rare malignant neoplasms in the classification of WHO 2019 breast tumors. Aims: We aimed to investigate the correlations between programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression status of tumor and immune cells and clinicopathological parameters by molecular classification of this rare morphological subtype. This study will contribute to the literature about the PD-L1 expression state of ISPCs for the first time. Material and Methods: The study included 19 invasive solid papillary carcinoma cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 in Pathology Department. Molecular subtyping was performed in 19 cases by immunohistochemical studies (ER/PR, Her-2/neu, Ki-67), and PD-L1 expression was evaluated in neoplastic and immune cells. Results: PD-L1 expression was detected in 4 (21%) cases, 3 (75%) of them were in luminal B and 1 (25%) were in the luminal A group. The correlation between molecular subtypes and PD-L1 expression was statistically significant (P = 0.016). Patients with PD-L1 expression had a higher Ki-67 index than patients without PD-L1 expression (P = 0.037). In addition, there was a statistically significant correlation between PD-L1 expressions of intratumoral lymphocytes and PD-L1 expressions of neoplastic cells (P = 0.004). Conclusions: While predicting the group that will benefit more from immunotherapy in solid papillary carcinoma cases, not only PD-L1 expression of tumor cells but also PD-L1 expression in tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) can help. In addition, PD-L1 staining rates of tumor cells as well as clinicopathological parameters (molecular subtype, high Ki-67 index, presence of TIL) can be predictive about immunotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Papilar , Neoplasias de la Mama , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama , Carcinoma Papilar , Antígeno B7-H1/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/genética , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Linfocitos Infiltrantes de Tumor , Pronóstico
17.
Andrologia ; 52(10): e13775, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32786086

RESUMEN

Testicular torsion is an emergency, and unless there is an urgent intervention, irreversible ischaemic damage and gonad loss occur in the testicle. We aimed to investigate myricetin's antioxidant properties as well as its protective effect against ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage in the testicular torsion model. A total of 18 rats were divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was the sham group. Group 2: testicular torsion was performed, and orchiectomy was done 2 hr after detorsion. Group 3: received torsion and 1 mg/kg intraperitoneal myricetin was given 30 min before detorsion, and orchiectomy was applied 2 hr after detorsion. We evaluated tissue malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels and Johnsen Testicular Biopsy Score to show its histopathological effect. There was a statistically significant decrease in MDA values in myricetin group compared to Group 2 (p < .017). There was no significant difference in the statistical analysis of SOD and CAT values (p = .337 and p = .025). There was a statistically significant difference in testicular I/R damage in the myricetin group compared to Group 1 and Group 2 (p < .017). Myricetin treatment significantly decreased testicular tissue damage compared to the torsion group but did not reach the values close to the control group.


Asunto(s)
Daño por Reperfusión , Torsión del Cordón Espermático , Enfermedades Testiculares , Animales , Flavonoides , Humanos , Masculino , Malondialdehído , Ratas , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Daño por Reperfusión/prevención & control , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/complicaciones , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/tratamiento farmacológico , Testículo
18.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 63(3): 475-477, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32769345

RESUMEN

Primary mesotheliomas of the tunica vaginalis testis are very rare malignant tumors. They are generally associated with exposure to asbestos. They may manifest as hydrocele, testis tumor, inguinal hernia, or epididymitis. After differential diagnosis, treatment is primarily surgical. Adjuvant therapeutic methods for mesotheliomas of the tunica vaginalis testis, with their high mortality, are controversial. Here, we present a mesothelioma case derived from tunica vaginalis testis acting as long-term pyocele with no known asbestos exposure.


Asunto(s)
Mesotelioma/patología , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico , Testículo/patología , Anciano , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , Mesotelioma Maligno , Orquiectomía , Hidrocele Testicular/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Testiculares/patología , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirugía , Testículo/cirugía
20.
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol ; 42(3): 234-237, 2020 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31094904

RESUMEN

Systemic amyloidosis is a clinical manifestation of the accumulation of amyloid fibrils in tissues because of persistent acute phase elevation and chronic inflammation. Its most common causes are inflammatory diseases and malignancies. Here, we present a 12-year-old girl diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) who was also previously diagnosed with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Despite colchicine treatment for FMF, the patient had a persistent elevation of acute phase reactants and AA-type amyloid deposits were observed in a kidney biopsy. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 antagonist, was added to the treatment. Shortly after the diagnosis of amyloidosis, mediastinal lymphadenopathy was recognized, and she was also diagnosed with HL. A chemotherapy protocol of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine was initiated. After 6 cycles of the chemotherapy and 8 months of the anakinra treatment, no recurrence or residual malignancy was observed and proteinuria was decreased. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of systemic amyloidosis in the literature associated with both FMF and HL.


Asunto(s)
Fiebre Mediterránea Familiar/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Hodgkin/complicaciones , Amiloidosis de Cadenas Ligeras de las Inmunoglobulinas/complicaciones , Antirreumáticos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Colchicina/uso terapéutico , Fiebre Mediterránea Familiar/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Amiloidosis de Cadenas Ligeras de las Inmunoglobulinas/tratamiento farmacológico , Proteína Antagonista del Receptor de Interleucina 1/uso terapéutico
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