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The extent to which group therapy benefits individuals who have experienced couple infidelity remains unexamined. In this study, a brief group intervention for individuals who experienced couple infidelity was designed, and the feasibility of the intervention was evaluated (i.e., acceptability; implementation; measurements' performance and, limited-efficacy testing). The final sample was composed of 20 women and 4 men (M = 29.95 years, SD = 12.3). Twenty-four completed pre and post assessments and 20 of these completed the follow-up assessment. At pre, post, and follow-up, participants responded to a questionnaire packet that included measures of depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms, relationship self-efficacy, centrality of event, cognitive fusion, and decision to forgive. Also, follow-up interviews were conducted. The closed group intervention consisted of eight 90-min weekly sessions. The group therapy process component was based on solution-focused therapy. Psychoeducation component included mindfulness, reflection on personal values, factors that contribute to infidelity, and forgiveness. Session rating scores indicated an overall high acceptance of the intervention, its contents, and goals. Interview reports showed that dealing with thoughts and emotions, understanding infidelity, and forgiveness were the most helpful contents. Group support and processes were also positively valued. Repeated-measures MANOVA results indicated statistically significant decrease in symptoms, cognitive fusion, and importance of the event, as well as an increase in self-efficacy. Measurement instruments showed adequate reliability. These results indicate that a group treatment may be an alternative format to help individuals deal with psychological consequences of couple infidelity, when couple therapy is not possible.
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A gastrostomy is a common procedure for patients with swallowing problems or inability to maintain regular oral nutrition. These gastrostomy tubes need special attention, as complications can occur if the tubes are left unattended. In rare scenarios, these tubes can migrate and cause severe life-threatening difficulties such as bowel obstruction and pancreatitis. We present the case of a 76-year-old quadriplegic woman who had a gastrostomy tube. Suddenly, the tube was missing, and after urgent medical care, the gastrostomy tube was found within her bowel. After successful surgery, she recovered from this incident.
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Hexaric acids have attracted attention lately because they are platform chemicals for synthesizing pharmaceuticals. In particular, gluconic acid is one of the most studied because it is readily available in nature. In this work, operational conditions like temperature and pH were evaluated for the enzymatic production of gluconic acid. For this purpose, glucose oxidase (GOx) and catalase (CAT) were individually immobilized and co-immobilized using amino-silica as support. The catalytic performance of the enzymes both as separate biocatalysts (GOx or CAT) and as an enzymatic complex (GOx-CAT) was assessed in terms of enzymatic activity and stability at temperatures 45 °C and 50 °C and pH 6 to 8. The results show that CAT is a key enzyme for gluconic acid production as it prevents GOx from being inhibited by H2O2. However, CAT was found to be less stable than GOx. Therefore, different GOx to CAT enzymatic ratios were studied, and a ratio of 1-3 was determined to be the best. The highest glucose conversion conditions were 45 °C and pH 7.0 for 24 h. Regarding the biocatalyst reuse, GOx-CAT retained more than 70% of its activity after 6 reaction cycles. These results contribute to further knowledge and application of oxidases for hexaric acid production and shed greater light on the role of the glucose oxidase/catalase pair in better catalytic performance. Both enzymes were immobilized in one pot, which is relevant for their potential use in industry; an enzyme system was obtained in a single step.
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Gluconatos , Glucosa Oxidasa , Dióxido de Silicio , Catalasa , Enzimas Inmovilizadas , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , PorosidadRESUMEN
Introducción: el hidrops fetal es grave, de mal pronóstico y alta morbimortalidad, a pesar de mejoras diagnósticas y terapéuticas desarrolladas en los últimos tiempos. El pronóstico estará determinado por la etiología y posibilidades terapéuticas asociadas a mejores resultados, a la edad gestacional, al diagnóstico y al nacimiento, si bien cabe destacar que no existen suficientes estudios de seguimiento a largo plazo. El diagnóstico ecográfico es confirmatorio, siendo la principal complejidad identificar la etiología y plantear la estrategia terapéutica adecuada. Descripción del caso: presentamos una paciente con diagnóstico de hidrops fetal de tipo no inmune y su abordaje terapéutico. La causa del hidrops correspondió a anemia fetal severa, requiriendo la realización de tres procedimientos con exanguinotransfusión parcial intrauterina mediante cordocentesis. A las 33 semanas, se decidió la finalización del embarazo, con buena evolución neonatal. Conclusión: el hidrops fetal aumenta la morbimortalidad fetal y neonatal, siendo un enorme desafío para el equipo tratante, que requiere de un equipo asistencial interdisciplinario. El conocimiento de esta patología permite realizar un abordaje completo, orientar a la etiología, realizando un diagnóstico oportuno y la selección adecuada del tratamiento. Como en este caso, al identificar la anemia severa como causa del hidrops, es mandatorio definir el manejo para los fetos candidatos a terapia intrauterina.
Introduction: fetal hydrops is a serious condition with a poor prognosis and high morbidity and mortality, despite improvements in diagnostics and therapeutics in recent years. Prognosis is determined by the etiology and therapeutic options associated with better outcomes, gestational age, diagnosis, and birth, although it should be noted that there are not enough long-term follow-up studies. Ultrasound diagnosis is confirmatory, with the main challenge being to identify the etiology and propose the appropriate therapeutic strategy. Description of the case: we present a patient diagnosed with non-immune fetal hydrops and its therapeutic approach. The cause of hydrops was severe fetal anemia, requiring 3 procedures with intrauterine partial exsanguination transfusion through Cordocentesis. At 33 weeks, the decision was made to terminate the pregnancy, with good neonatal outcomes. Conclusions: fetal hydrops increases fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, posing a significant challenge for the treating team and requiring an interdisciplinary healthcare team. Understanding this condition allows for a comprehensive approach, guiding the etiology, providing timely diagnosis, and selecting appropriate treatment. As in this case, identifying severe anemia as the cause of hydrops mandates defining the management for fetuses eligible for intrauterine therapy.
Introdução: a hidropisia fetal é grave, com mau prognóstico e elevada morbimortalidade, apesar das melhorias diagnósticas e terapêuticas desenvolvidas nos últimos tempos. O prognóstico será determinado pela etiologia e possibilidades terapêuticas associadas a melhores resultados, idade gestacional, diagnóstico e nascimento, embora se deva salientar que não existem estudos suficientes de seguimento a longo prazo. O diagnóstico ultrassonográfico é confirmatório, sendo a principal complexidade identificar a etiologia e propor a estratégia terapêutica adequada. Descrição do caso: apresentamos uma paciente com diagnóstico de hidropisia fetal não imune e sua abordagem terapêutica. A causa da hidropisia correspondeu a anemia fetal grave, sendo necessária a realização de 3 procedimentos com exsanguineotransfusão intrauterina parcial por meio de cordocentese. Às 33 semanas foi decidida a interrupção da gravidez, com boa evolução neonatal. Conclusão: a hidropisia fetal aumenta a morbimortalidade fetal e neonatal, sendo um enorme desafio para a equipe responsável pelo tratamento, necessitando de uma equipe de atendimento interdisciplinar. O conhecimento desta patologia permite uma abordagem completa, orientação sobre a etiologia, diagnóstico atempado e seleção do tratamento adequado. Assim como neste caso, quando se identifica anemia grave como causa da hidropisia, é obrigatória a definição do manejo para os fetos candidatos à terapia intrauterina.
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Transfusión de Sangre Intrauterina , Hidropesía Fetal , Hidropesía Fetal/terapia , Cordocentesis , AnemiaRESUMEN
Enterococcus spp., including E. faecalis and E. faecium, pose risks to dairy farms as opportunistic pathogens. The study evaluates antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence characteristics of Enterococcus spp. isolated from bovine milk. Bile esculin agar was used to assess 1471 milk samples, followed by colony identification, gram staining, catalase tests, and 45 °C incubation. PCR analysis targeted E. faecalis and E. faecium in characteristic Enterococcus spp. colonies, with MALDI-TOF used for negative samples. Multiple tests, including disk diffusion, chromogenic VRE agar for vancomycin resistance, Vancomycin Etest® for MIC determination, and PCR for virulence factors (cylA, esp, efaA, ace, asa1, gelE, and hyl genes), were performed. Out of 100 identified strains, E. durans (30.66%), E. faecium (26.28%), and E. faecalis (18.25%) were predominant. AMR in Enterococcus spp. varied, with the highest rates against rifampicin (27%), tetracycline (20%), and erythromycin (18%). Linezolid (5%), vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and teicoplanin (3% each) had lower prevalence. E. faecium and E. faecalis showed high AMR to rifampicin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Thirty-two strains (18.98%) grew on VRE Chromoselect agar, while 4 (2 E. faecalis and 2 E. faecium) showed vancomycin resistance by MIC values. E. faecalis carried gelE (45.5%) and asa1 (36%), and E. gallinarum had 9.1% with the asa1 gene. Detecting resistant Enterococcus in bovine milk supports control strategies for enterococci on dairy farms, highlighting AMR concerns in the food chain.
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Histamine is a biogenic amine found in fish-derived and fermented food products with physiological relevance since its concentration is proportional to food spoilage and health risk for sensitive consumers. There are various analytical methods for histamine quantification from food samples; however, a simple and quick enzymatic detection and quantification method is highly desirable. Histamine dehydrogenase (HDH) is a candidate for enzymatic histamine detection; however, other biogenic amines can change its activity or produce false positive results with an observed substrate inhibition at higher concentrations. In this work, we studied the effect of site saturation mutagenesis in Rhizobium sp. Histamine Dehydrogenase (Rsp HDH) in nine amino acid positions selected through structural alignment analysis, substrate docking, and proximity to the proposed histamine-binding site. The resulting libraries were screened for histamine and agmatine activity. Variants from two libraries (positions 72 and 110) showed improved histamine/agmatine activity ratio, decreased substrate inhibition, and maintained thermal resistance. In addition, activity characterization of the identified Phe72Thr and Asn110Val HDH variants showed a clear substrate inhibition curve for histamine and modified kinetic parameters. The observed maximum velocity (Vmax) increased for variant Phe72Thr at the cost of an increased value for the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) for histamine. The increased Km value, decreased substrate inhibition, and biogenic amine interference observed for variant Phe72Thr support a tradeoff between substrate affinity and substrate inhibition in the catalytic mechanism of HDHs. Considering this tradeoff for future enzyme engineering of HDH could lead to breakthroughs in performance increases and understanding of this enzyme class.
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Agmatina , Rhizobium , Animales , Histamina/metabolismo , Especificidad por Sustrato , Rhizobium/metabolismo , Agmatina/análisis , Aminas Biogénicas/análisis , Calidad de los Alimentos , Ingeniería de ProteínasRESUMEN
Biocatalysis can improve current bioprocesses by identifying or improving enzymes that withstand harsh and unnatural operating conditions. Immobilized Biocatalyst Engineering (IBE) is a novel strategy integrating protein engineering and enzyme immobilization as a single workflow. Using IBE, it is possible to obtain immobilized biocatalysts whose soluble performance would not be selected. In this work, Bacillus subtilis lipase A (BSLA) variants obtained through IBE were characterized as soluble and immobilized biocatalysts, and how the interactions with the support affect their structure and catalytic performance were analyzed using intrinsic protein fluorescence. Variant P5G3 (Asn89Asp, Gln121Arg) showed a 2.6-fold increased residual activity after incubation at 76 °C compared to immobilized wild-type (wt) BSLA. On the other hand, variant P6C2 (Val149Ile) showed 4.4 times higher activity after incubation in 75 % isopropyl alcohol (36 °C) compared to Wt_BSLA. Furthermore, we studied the advancement of the IBE platform by performing synthesis and immobilizing the BSLA variants using a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) approach. The observed differences in immobilization performance, high temperature, and solvent resistance between the in vivo-produced variants and Wt_BSLA were confirmed for the in vitro synthesized enzymes. These results open the door for designing strategies integrating IBE and CFPS to generate and screen improved immobilized enzymes from genetic diversity libraries. Furthermore, it was confirmed that IBE is a platform that can be used to obtain improved biocatalysts, especially those with an unremarkable performance as soluble biocatalysts, which wouldn't be selected for immobilization and further development for specific applications.
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Enzimas Inmovilizadas , Ingeniería de Proteínas , Biocatálisis , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/química , Ingeniería de Proteínas/métodos , Lipasa/química , Solventes/químicaRESUMEN
AIMS: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens associated with mastitis in dairy herds worldwide. This study evaluated the profile of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes of spa type t605 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis in São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 57 S. aureus strains were screened by conventional PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) for 49 virulence genes. The most prevalent virulence genes detected were icaD (94.7%), fib (93%), fnbA (82.5%), clfA (80.7%), bap (78.9%), clfB (73.7%), icaA (66.7%), see (64.9%), and sed (61.4%). The blaZ (94.7%), aac6'aph2' (15.8%), and ant4 (12.3%) genes were the most common antimicrobial resistance genes; however, mecA and mecC genes were not found. All methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains were characterized through spa and agr typing. The spa type t605 was found in all isolates. By agr typing, the most prevalent were type II (56.1%). Antimicrobial resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method, and 93% showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. Penicillin resistance was the most prevalent (87.7%), followed by tetracycline (12.3%), oxacillin (10.5%), and gentamicin (10.5%) resistance. CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed the spa type t605 as endemic, carrying a wide variety of virulence factors and high-level penicillin resistance. The profile seems to be associated with the colonization of MSSA and its persistence in subclinical mastitis.
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Mastitis Bovina , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Animales , Bovinos , Femenino , Staphylococcus aureus , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Virulencia/genética , Meticilina , Mastitis Bovina/epidemiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Brasil , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/epidemiología , Factores de Virulencia/genética , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
Foodborne infections caused by Salmonella have been linked to a variety of poultry products. The aim of this study was to compare the molecular profile of virulence genes considering different serotypes of Salmonella, isolates were from chicken breast sampled during the last two decades (1999 to 2010 and 2011 to 2018). The resistance to antimicrobials was also evaluated, establishing a comparative epidemiological parameter on the pathogenic potential on this bacterium over time. We tested 238 Salmonella isolates, and 18 different serotypes were observed. These being S. Enteritidis (42.3%, 58/137) and S. Ohio (28.3%, 36/137), the most frequent in the first decade; and S. Heidelberg (25.7%, 26/101) and S. Typhimurium (21.8%, 22/101), in the second. We found four (1.68%) multidrug resistant isolates from the first decade and 28 (11.76%) in the second. All extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) positive isolates belonged to the S. Heidelberg serotype, and were also detected in the second decade. Considering the nine different antimicrobial classes tested, an increase in the number of resistant isolates was observed over time: from five classes with resistant isolates in the first decade to eight classes in the second, with cefotaxime being the antimicrobial with the highest number of resistant isolates in both decades. All isolates (100%) presented the invA, sitC and tolC genes. In sequence, the most frequent genes were flgL (99.6%), sopB (98.3%), flgK (97.9%), fljB (96.6%), sipA (94.9%), sipB (88.6%), sifA (86.4%), sipD (66.1%), ssaR (51.3%), sopD (37.3%) and spvB (34.3%) was the least frequent; and 13 isolates showing all 14 virulence genes investigated. The ability of these isolates to resist certain antimicrobials, and to express genes encoding virulence factors, reinforce their marked pathogenic potential; while the possibility to trigger diseases in humans through the food chain is a serious public health threat through.
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Pollos , Factores de Virulencia , Humanos , Animales , Factores de Virulencia/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Brasil , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Salmonella/genéticaRESUMEN
Intimate partner violence (IPV) predicts anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet the role of cognition in these pathways is poorly understood. This study explored whether self-criticism, guilt, and gender beliefs predicted psychological symptoms, using self-report data from 50 Colombian female IPV survivors with diverse socioeconomic statuses. Self-criticism and guilt were high and significantly associated with IPV. Self-criticism significantly predicted depression and PTSD, whilst only guilt predicted anxiety. Traditional gender role beliefs were associated with emotional abuse, but not with self-criticism, guilt, or symptoms. In conclusion, self-criticism and guilt are important treatment targets for female IPV survivors, regardless of gender beliefs.
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In this paper we present a novel metamaterial-based antenna simulated using HFSS. The unit cell parameters were extracted using periodic boundary conditions and wave-port excitation. The metamaterial is magnetically coupled to the CPW line, the induced current in the hexagonal ring gives rise to a field perpendicular to the incident one. The antenna can be modeled by an LC circuit. This design achieves a significant impedance bandwidth of 8.47 GHz (S11 = - 10 dB from 72.56 GHz to 81.03 GHz), and a minimum return loss of - 40.79 dB at 76.89 GHz, which clearly indicates good impedance matching to 50Ω. The proposed antenna offers gains from 4.53 to 5.25 dBi, with radiation efficiencies better than 74%. Compactness, simple design layout, a novel design, and good radiation characteristics for this antenna are the main contributions of this work. The antenna can be built on top of a 300 µm thick silicon wafer, for application on HR-SOI-CMOS technology. When compared to other antenna designs for the same frequency band, the proposed antenna achieves very good performance. This design is suitable for the reception stage of long-range automobile radar systems, due to its wide HPBW, as well as E-band applications, such as backhaul systems.
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The genus Staphylococcus is recognized worldwide as a cause of bacterial infections in humans and animals. Antibiotics used in dairy cattle combined with ineffective control can increase antimicrobial resistance. The objective of this study was to characterize 95 Staphylococcus strains isolated from organic and conventional Minas Frescal cheese production regarding antibiotic resistance (phenotype and genotype), presence of sanitizer-resistant genes and biofilm-formation genes, and SCCmec typing. Most strains (25.3%) showed higher resistance to penicillin, followed by oxacillin (21.1%) and clindamycin (11.6%). Among antibiotic resistance genes, the most prevalent were blaZ (25.3%), mecA (13.7%), lsaB (6.3%), msrA (4.2%), ant4 (3.2%), and tetM (2.1%); among sanitizer-resistance genes they were qacA/B (5.3%) and qacC (6.3%); and among biofilm, bap (4.2%), icaA (29.5%), icaD (41.1%). However, there was no statistically significant difference between organic and conventional dairy products, possibly due to the lack of synthetic antibiotic use on conventional farms during the sample collection period. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had their SCCmec identified as types I and IVc, and the methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci had nontypeable SCCmec. These results suggest that there are antibiotic-resistant strains in both organic and conventional Minas Frescal cheese production in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. This supports the idea that improved quality control is needed from the milking stage up to the final product.
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Enfermedades de los Bovinos , Queso , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Brasil , Bovinos , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana/veterinaria , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , StaphylococcusRESUMEN
The increasing use of sustainable manufacturing technologies in the industry presents a constant challenge for the development of suitable biocatalysts. Traditionally, improved biocatalysts are developed either using protein engineering (PE) or enzyme immobilization (EI). However, these approaches are usually not simultaneously applied. In this work, we designed and validated an enzyme improvement platform, Immobilized Biocatalyst Engineering (IBE), which simultaneously integrates PE and EI, with a unique combination of improvement through amino acid substitutions and attachment to a support material, allowing to select variants that would not be found through single or subsequent PE and EI improvement strategies. Our results show that there is a significant difference on the best performing variants identified through IBE, when compared to those that could be identified as soluble enzymes and then immobilized, especially when evaluating variants with low enzyme as soluble enzymes and high activity when immobilized. IBE allows evaluating thousands of variants in a short time through an integrated screening, and selection can be made with more information, resulting in the detection of highly stable and active heterogeneous biocatalysts. This novel approach can translate into a higher probability of finding suitable biocatalysts for highly demanding processes.
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Biocatálisis , Enzimas Inmovilizadas , Ensayos Analíticos de Alto Rendimiento/métodos , Ingeniería de Proteínas/métodos , Bacillus subtilis/enzimología , Bacillus subtilis/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Biblioteca de Genes , Lipasa/genética , Lipasa/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Mutagénesis , Prueba de Estudio Conceptual , Conformación Proteica , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Dióxido de Silicio , Solubilidad , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Abstract Introduction: Evidence has shown that personnel working in hospital services have a high probability of developing modifiable risk factors associated with noncommunicable diseases such as poor nutrition, high levels of stress, changes of sleep patterns and a sedentary lifestyle. Objective: To assess diet quality among health personnel who eat at the cafeteria of the Hospital Regional de Temuco based on their work shifts, sex, and age. The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was used to measure diet quality. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted on 201 workers (156 women and 45 men) who were asked to complete a survey on food consumption in order to evaluate their individual HEI. The questionnaire was divided by food groups. Results: The average age was 34.8±10.7 years and the average HEI score was 67.5 ± 14.5. 12.9% of the participants had unhealthy eating habits, 65.2% required dietary changes, and 21.9% had a healthy diet. Statistically significant differences were observed with respect to the HEI score according to sex (p=0.033) and age (p=0.009). No statistically significant differences were found between the HEI score and the shift system (p=0.334). Conclusions: Most participants need to modify their eating habits. Therefore, hospitals, as a workplace, should implement actions that promote the adoption of healthy eating habits among their staff, particularly in the case of men, who had significantly low HEI scores in several food groups compared to women.
Resumen Introducción. Se ha reportado que los trabajadores hospitalarios tienen una alta probabilidad de presentar factores de riesgo modificables asociados al desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, tales como mala alimentación, altos niveles de estrés y cambios de los patrones del sueño. Objetivo. Determinar la calidad de la dieta del personal de salud que usa los servicios del Casino de Funcionarios de Hospital Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena de Temuco, Chile, de acuerdo a sistemas de turno, sexo y edad. Para la medición de la calidad de la dieta se utilizó el índice de alimentación saludable (IAS). Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal realizado en 201 trabajadores (156 mujeres y 45 hombres), a quienes se les solicitó completar una encuesta sobre consumo de alimentos para evaluar sus IAS; el instrumento estuvo dividido por grupos de alimentos. Resultados. La edad promedio de la muestra fue 34.8±10.7 años y el puntaje promedio de IAS fue 67.5±14.5. El 12.9% de los participantes tenía hábitos alimenticios poco saludables, el 65.2% requería cambios dietarios y el 21.9% presentaba una alimentación saludable. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto al IAS según sexo (p=0.033) y edad (p=0.009), pero no entre puntaje del IAS y el sistema de turnos (p=0.334). Conclusiones. La mayoría de los participantes necesita modificar sus hábitos alimenticios, por lo que es necesario que en los hospitales, como lugar de trabajo, se implementen acciones que promuevan la adopción de hábitos alimenticios saludables por parte del personal de salud, en particular en el caso de los hombres, quienes tuvieron puntajes de IAS significativamente bajos en varios grupos de alimentos en comparación con las mujeres.
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Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Dieta , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
The wild edible mushroom 'digüeñe' (Cyttaria espinosae) is a mushroom with interesting flavor and nutritional properties, but highly perishable with a consumption very limited, generating inevitable economic losses for their producers. Because of that, the aim of this study was the evaluation of two drying methods (hot-air drying and freeze-drying) in its bioactive and physicochemical composition for its preservation. The best performances of antioxidant capacity were 62â µmol TE g-1 (ORAC) and 14.21â µmol TE g-1 (DPPH), being higher compared with other vegetable sources. Its protein (5.33 %), fiber (5.58 %) and K (2.82â mg g-1 ) content also stands out. ß-Carotene retention was 35.02 and 23.25 % after freeze drying and hot-air, respectively. Freeze-drying seems a good strategy for digüeñe, bioactive compounds, color and structure were better maintained. This work represents the first characterization of dehydrated digüeñe, constituting approaches for its valorization and use in the food industry.
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Antioxidantes/química , Ascomicetos/química , Desecación , Liofilización , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Ascomicetos/metabolismo , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Color , Valor Nutritivo , Potasio/análisis , beta Caroteno/análisisRESUMEN
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious international problem. Stith, S. M., McCollum, E. E., and Rosen, K. H. received funding from the US National Institute of Mental Health to develop and test a program for couples experiencing IPV: Domestic Violence Focused Couples Treatment (DVFCT). This article provides an overview of DVFCT, and presents three case studies illustrating how DVFCT has been adapted for use in Colombia, Iran, and Finland. This article emphasizes the need for adapting treatment models to be culturally informed, provides practice-based evidence for DVFCT as a treatment model, and highlights the importance of careful screening and assessment when working with couples who have experienced violence, no matter the country or location where treatment is being conducted.
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Terapia de Parejas/métodos , Violencia de Pareja/prevención & control , Adulto , Colombia , Asistencia Sanitaria Culturalmente Competente , Femenino , Finlandia , Humanos , Irán , Masculino , Desarrollo de ProgramaRESUMEN
Las redes sociales han generado un impacto en la forma en que interactúan las personas. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este estudio fue indagar sobre cómo los jóvenes utilizan medios como Facebook y aplicaciones de mensajería instantánea como WhatsApp para cumplir con tareas que son clave en el funcionamiento de su relación de pareja, como el establecimiento de límites y el mantenimiento del clima emocional. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo descriptivo, que involucró entrevistas a profundidad y etnografía virtual. Los participantes fueron 6 parejas de estudiantes universitarios heterosexuales quienes estuvieron bajo observación a través de sus conversaciones en Facebook y/o WhatsApp durante una semana. Se encontró que las parejas jóvenes utilizan las redes sociales con el fin de intercambiar mensajes sobre sus actividades cotidianas, atender las necesidades emocionales del otro y construir identidad. Se discuten los resultados en relación con la literatura existente y se sugieren direcciones para estudios en el futuro.
Social networks have had an impact on the way people interact. For this reason, this study aimed to investigate how young people use media such as Facebook or other social networks to fulfil tasks that are key to the functioning of their relationship, such as setting limits and maintaining the emotional climate. A qualitative descriptive study was carried out, involving in-depth interviews and virtual ethnography. The participants were six pairs of heterosexual university students observed through their conversations on Facebook and WhatsApp for one week. The finding was that young couples use social networks to exchange messages about their daily activities, address each other's emotional needs, and build identity. The results are discussed concerning existing literature and suggested directions for future studies.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Red Social , Medios de Comunicación Sociales/estadística & datos numéricos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Estudiantes , Parejas Sexuales , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Resumen Este estudio exploratorio examinó los efectos de razones para cohabitar, residencia antes de cohabitar, y duración de la relación en la autorregulación relacional, compromiso, e intimidad en uniones consensuales en Bogotá, Colombia. Una muestra autoseleccionada de 60 individuos (26 hombres y 34 mujeres) respondieron a cuestionarios de autorreporte en línea. Los resultados del MANOVA indicaron efectos de tres interacciones significativas (sexo*razones; sexo*residencia; residencia*razones) sobre la autorregulación. La duración de la relación tuvo un efecto significativo en el compromiso de tipo restricciones. Se presentan las implicaciones de estos resultados tanto para la investigación sobre cohabitación, como para las intervenciones clínicas para parejas que cohabitan.
Abstract This exploratory study examined the effects of reasons to cohabitate, residence prior to cohabitation, and relationship length on relational self-regulation, commitment, and intimacy in cohabitating unions in Bogotá, Colombia. A self-selected sample of 60 individuals (26 men and 34 women) answered online self-report questionnaires. MANOVA results showed effects of three significant interactions (Sex*Reasons; Sex*Residence; Residence*Reasons) on self-regulation. Relationship length had a significant effect on commitment, of the restrictions type. The article discusses the implications of these results for both research on cohabitation and clinical interventions for cohabiting couples.
Resumo Este estudo exploratório examinou os efeitos de razões para coabitar, residência antes de coabitar e duração da relação na autorregulação relacional, compromisso e intimidade em uniões estáveis em Bogotá, Colômbia. Uma amostra autossele-cionada de 60 indivíduos (26 homens e 34 mulheres) responderam a questionários de autorrelato on-line. Os resultados do MANOVA indicaram efeitos de três interações significativas (Sexo*Razões; Sexo*Residência; Residência*Razões) sobre a autorregulação. A duração da relação teve um efeito significativo no compromisso de tipo restrições. São apresentadas as implicações desses resultados tanto para a pesquisa sobre coabitação quanto para as intervenções clínicas para casais que coabitam.
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Resumen: En la era de la búsqueda de estrategias ventilatorias mínimamente invasivas, la administración profiláctica de surfactante con técnicas sencillas, que no requieren elevada destreza y que pueden ser realizadas en ámbitos de baja complejidad, deben ser investigadas para potencialmente disminuir la morbilidad y mortalidad del pretérmino. Se reporta el uso de surfactante en la orofaringe de cuatro recién nacidos de muy bajo peso (promedio de peso de 1.236 g y 28 semanas de edad gestacional), y concomitante colocación de presión positiva continua por pieza nasal antes de la primera inspiración extrauterina manteniendo el cordón intacto. No se registraron efectos adversos y la aspiración gástrica posterior demostró que el surfactante fue inspirado a los pulmones del recién nacido. La administración de surfactante orofaríngeo es una técnica innovadora, segura, factible y reproducible. A la vez que minimizamos los riesgos de posible iatrogenia por la técnica utilizada, facilitamos una transición cardiovascular más estable, manteniendo la circulación fetoplacentaria.
Summary: In the era of minimally invasive ventilatory procedures, the prophylactic administration of surfactant using simple techniques that can be performed in low complexity settings, should be researched as a tool to potentially reduce preterm morbidity and mortality. We report the use of oropharyngeal surfactant in 4 very low birth weight newborns (average birth weight 1236g and 28 weeks of gestational age) and of continuous positive airway pressure before the first intrauterine inspiration and keeping an intact umbilical cord. No adverse effects happened, and the aspiration of gastric residual confirmed that surfactant had reached the lungs. The administration of oropharyngeal surfactant is an innovative, safe, feasible and reproducible technique. It minimizes the risks of possible iatrogenesis due to the technique used, and it also facilitates a more stable cardiovascular transition, maintaining the fetus' placental circulation.
Resumo: Na era da procura de técnicas ventilatórias minimamente invasivas, a administração profilática de surfactante utilizando técnicas simples, que não requerem muita destreza e que pode ser realizada em contextos de baixa complexidade, deve ser pesquisada para reduzir potencialmente a morbidade e mortalidade dos pré-termos. Reportamos o uso de surfactante na orofaringe em 4 recém-nascidos com baixo peso ao nascimento (peso médio de 1,236 g e 28 semanas de idade gestacional), e colocação concomitante de pressão positiva contínua por adaptador nasal, antes da primeira inspiração extrauterina e mantendo o cordão umbilical intacto. Não houve efeitos adversos e o aspirado gástrico subsequente mostrou que o surfactante foi inspirado e observado nos pulmões dos recém-nascidos. O surfactante de administração orofaríngea é uma técnica inovadora, segura, viável e reprodutível. Minimiza os riscos iatrogênicos eventuais devido à técnica utilizada, à vez que proporciona uma transição cardiovascular mais estável porque mantém a circulação da placenta fetal.
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Menos del 30% de la población en Colombia está de acuerdo con que las parejas del mismo sexo adopten. Este clima de rechazo trae interrogantes sobre las experiencias de las familias homoparentales en el país. Debido a la importancia de los años preescolares para el desarrollo de niñas y niños, este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir las actitudes, percepciones de autoeficacia y prácticas de 53 docentes de prescolar en Bogotá, con relación al trabajo conjunto con los distintos miembros de familias homoparentales. El análisis de las encuestas revela preocupación ante la potencial victimización a la que pueden estar expuestas las hijas e hijos de estas familias. Así mismo, se encontró que, si bien afirman sentirse competentes, las y los docentes reconocen que con baja frecuencia implementan estrategias para construir climas escolares inclusivos. Los resultados permiten recomendar el desarrollo de iniciativas de formación para docentes para que, desde los primeros años de educación formal, los miembros de familias homoparentales cuenten con entornos afirmativos de la diversidad
Less than 30% of the population in Colombia agrees with same-sex couples adopting children. Given this climate of rejection, it is im-portant to answer questions regarding same-sex parent families' experiences with systems such as schools. Due to the importance of preschool years in children's development, this study aimed to describe the attitudes, self-efficacy perceptions and practices of 53 preschool teachers in Bogotá towards working with same-sex parent families. The data analysis revealed concerns regarding the potential victimization that might affect children given their family structure. Furthermore, although teachers reported feeling mostly confident, it was found that they rarely use strategies to build safe and inclusive school environments. These results highlight the importance of working with teachers to create inclusive environments towards same-sex parent families from the very first years of compulsory education