Effects of a low phosphorus, low nitrogen diet supplemented with essential amino acids and ketoanalogues on serum triglycerides of chronic uremic patients.

The effects were studied of a vegetarian low-protein, low-phosphorus diet supplemented with essential amino acids and ketoanalogues and those of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and free diet on the serum triglycerides (STG) of 85 patients with chronic renal failure. Following dietary therapy STG decreased significantly in the 61 male patients (from 185.7 +/- 89.8 to 153.5 +/- 68.7 mg/dl; p less than 0.001), whereas in the females the decrease was not significant (from 189.1 +/- 83.9 to 167.0 +/- 62.2 mg/dl; NS). When patients changed to MHD therapy and free diet STG increased again. We can conclude that the correction of hypogonadism of chronic male uremics largely accounts for the improvement of hypertriglyceridemia, though other factors are likely to contribute.

Three years experience with a very low nitrogen diet supplemented with essential amino acids and keto-analogues in the treatment of chronic uraemia.

A low nitrogen, low phosphorus diet, supplemented with essential amino acids and keto-analogues, was administered to 48 chronic uraemics for a maximum of 36 months. In 10 cases renal function deteriorated and dialysis was started; eight patients changed to the dialytic therapy having difficulties in complying to the diet and three died for reasons not directly related to renal failure. The remaining twenty-seven patients are still on dietetic treatment and their renal function has not changed significantly. Their serum inorganic phosphorus and their circulating iPTH decreased significantly. Their subjective and objective conditions are satisfactory and no manifestation of protein malnutrition or other unwanted effects are detectable.