The detection of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel apoptotic effects using AgNOR staining in MDA-MB-231.

In present study, it was purposed to determine the in vitro effect of the extract obtained from the pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel on the breast cancer cell line. MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to pomegranate peel extract (PoPx) at 37 °C and 5% CO2 for varying durations (24 and 48 h) and doses (25 and 50 µg/mL). At the end of the incubation periods, argyrophilic nucleolus organizer regions (AgNOR) protein status, cell viability/apoptosis and cell cycle of MDA-MB-231 cells were examined in the Muse Cell Analyzer device. Cell viability was observed to be decreased when the groups treated with PoPx were compared with the control group. The group in which apoptosis was observed with the highest value was 50 µg/mL PoPx group (p < 0.05). In the cell cycle test, the number of cells in the G0/G1 stage was found to be significantly higher in the 25 µg/mL PoPx group compared to the control and 50 µg/mL PoPx groups at the end of the 24-h incubation period (p < 0.05) The results also supported cell cycle and apoptosis, and at the end of 24 h, Total AgNOR area(TAA)/Total nuclear area (NA) ratio and AgNOR numbered decreased on the 50 µg/mL PoPx group and were found to be statistically significant compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Consequently, it was determined that PoPx increased apoptosis on breast cancer cells by various mechanisms and inhibited cell viability/cell growth. This study showed that the widespread consumption of PoPx may be effective in preventing cancer formation and slowing its progression.

Adverse fetal outcomes in patients with IUGR are related with fetal diaphragm evaluation parameters.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between diaphragmatic thickness, during both inspiratory (DTI) and expiratory (DTE) stages; diaphragmatic excursion (DE); diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF); and adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 77 participants were included in this case-control study. The case group was diagnosed as having both symmetric and asymmetric IUGR (n = 39). The control group included gestational age (GA)-matched healthy pregnant women (n = 38). DTI, DTE, DE (reflecting the capability of diaphragmatic movement during the respiratory cycle), and DTF were analyzed. RESULTS: Maternal demographic characteristics were similar between groups. DTI and DTE were significantly lower in the IUGR group compared to the control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001). DE was similar between the groups (p = 0.07). Additionally, in the IUGR group, DTI, DTE, and DE were significantly altered in newborns that required treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). ROC curve analysis determined that the DTI cut-off was 1.36 for NICU admission with 78% sensitivity and 100% specificity. DTE cut-off was 1.195 for NICU admission with 78% sensitivity and 96% specificity. DE cut-off was 4.25 for NICU admission with 71% sensitivity and 80% specificity. CONCLUSION: Measurement of DTI, DTE and DE may help clinicians to predict whether newborns with IUGR would require NICU hospitalization.

Does capsaicin have therapeutic benefits in human colon adenocarcinoma? Selection of the most reliable dose via AgNOR

Background/aim: To determine the effect of different doses of capsaicin on AgNOR protein synthesis in human colon adenocarcinoma derivate from colon cancer (Caco-2 cell). Materials and methods: In this experimental study, after the cultured of Caco-2 cell line, the cells are divided into 4 groups as control and different capsaicin exposed doses (25uµ, 50uµ, and 75uµ). Mean AgNOR number and total AgNOR area/nuclear area (TAA/NA) were calculated. Results: A significant differences were detected between control and capsaicin (50uµ) (P = 0.001), between control and capsaicin (75uµ) (P = 0.000), between capsaicin (25uµ) and capsaicin (50uµ) (P = 0.001) and between capsaicin (25uµ) and capsaicin (75uµ) (P = 0.000) for TAA/NA. Also, there were significant differences between control and capsaicin (50uµ) (P = 0.001), between control and capsaicin (75uµ) (P = 0.000), between capsaicin (25uµ) and capsaicin (50uµ) (P = 0.000) and between capsaicin (25uµ) and capsaicin (75uµ) (P = 0.000) for mean AgNOR number. Conclusion: A certain amount of capsaicin has a protective effect against colon adenocarcinoma and the dose concentrations are important for the most reliable treatment.