Sebaceous adenoma of the conjunctiva and caruncle: a clinicopathological report of three cases and literature review.

Sebaceous tumors of the conjunctiva and caruncle are rare conditions, accounting for 1% of caruncle lesions and even lower among conjunctival lesions. Almost 50% of cases are associated with Muir-Torre syndrome, a rare autosomal-dominant condition characterized by at least one sebaceous skin tumor and one visceral malignancy. We report 3 cases of sebaceous adenoma with different presentations that were submitted to excisional biopsy and immunohistochemical study. Diagnosis of these tumors should increase the level of suspicion and lead to clinical investigation to rule out neoplasms, particularly because in up to 41% of cases, these can be the first sign of the disease.

Antiscarring effect of intraoperative bevacizumab in experimental glaucoma filtration surgery / Efeito antifibrótico do uso intraoperatório de bevacizumab em cirurgia filtrante experimental

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine the effects of bevacizumab and mitomycin C alone and in combination on intraocular pressure and the scarring process after modified glaucoma filtration surgery in rabbits. Methods: The rabbits underwent modified glaucoma filtration surgery and were allocated into three groups to receive intraoperative treatment with subconjunctival bevacizumab (group A), mitomycin C and subconjunctival bevacizumab (group B), or mitomycin C (group C). Intraocular pressure was measured immediately preoperatively and on postoperative days 8, 14, 17, 21, 26, and 30. The scarring process was assessed 30 days after surgery by tissue section using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and picrosirius. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed by immunohistochemical analyses. All analyses were performed by a masked observer. Results: Animals in group A had higher intraocular pressure than those in groups B and C (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure did not differ significantly between groups B and C. The amount of fibrosis was similar with all stains used: group A had the highest level of fibrosis compared with groups B and C (p>0.05). There was less VEGF expression in group A than in groups B and C (p<0.01). Groups B and C did not differ in VEGF expression. Conclusion: Mean intraocular pressure and fibrosis were lower in animals receiving bevacizumab in combination with mitomycin C but did not differ from values in animals receiving mitomycin C alone. Inhibition of VEGF was greater when bevacizumab was used alone than when bevacizumab was combined with mitomycin C.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os efeitos do bevacizumab, combinados ou não à mitomicina C (MMC), na pressão intraocular e processo cicatricial pós-cirurgia filtrante anti-glaucomatosa modificada em coelhos. Métodos: Os coelhos foram submetidos à cirurgia filtrante anti-glaucomatosa modificada e alocados em três grupos de acordo com o tratamento instituído - Grupo A: bevacizumab subconjuntival; Grupo B: bevacizumab subconjuntival e à mitomicina C ; Grupo C: à mitomicina C. A pressão intraocular foi aferida no período pré-operatório imediato e nos dias 8, 14, 17, 21, 26 e 30. O processo cicatricial foi avaliado no trigésimo dia de pós-operatório por meio de análise histopatológica utilizando-se hematoxilina eosina, tricrômio de Masson e picrosirius. A expressão do fator de crescimento do Endotélio Vascular (VEGF) foi avaliada por meio de análise imuno-histoquímica. Todas as análises foram feitas por um observador mascarado. Resultados: O Grupo A apresentou maior pressão intraocular que os grupos B e C (p<0.01). Não foram encontradas alterações significativas entre os grupos B e C. A quantidade de fibrose encontrada nos grupos foi similar com os 3 corantes utilizados: o Grupo A apresentou maior nível de fibrose em relação aos grupos B e C (p>0,05). Houve menor expressão de Fator de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular no Grupo A em relação aos grupos B e C (p<0,01). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na expressão de Fator de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular entre os grupos B e C. Conclusão: O bevacizumab associado à MMC apresentou pressões intraoculares mais baixas e menos fibrose, mas estes não foram estatisticamente significantes quando comparados ao uso da mitomicina C isolada. Uma maior inibição do fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular foi encontrada quando o bevacizumab foi usado isoladamente, em detrimento do seu uso associado à mitomicina C.

Antiscarring effect of intraoperative bevacizumab in experimental glaucoma filtration surgery.

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of bevacizumab and mitomycin C alone and in combination on intraocular pressure and the scarring process after modified glaucoma filtration surgery in rabbits. METHODS: The rabbits underwent modified glaucoma filtration surgery and were allocated into three groups to receive intraoperative treatment with subconjunctival bevacizumab (group A), mitomycin C and subconjunctival bevacizumab (group B), or mitomycin C (group C). Intraocular pressure was measured immediately preoperatively and on postoperative days 8, 14, 17, 21, 26, and 30. The scarring process was assessed 30 days after surgery by tissue section using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and picrosirius. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was assessed by immunohistochemical analyses. All analyses were performed by a masked observer. RESULTS: Animals in group A had higher intraocular pressure than those in groups B and C (p<0.01). Intraocular pressure did not differ significantly between groups B and C. The amount of fibrosis was similar with all stains used: group A had the highest level of fibrosis compared with groups B and C (p>0.05). There was less VEGF expression in group A than in groups B and C (p<0.01). Groups B and C did not differ in VEGF expression. CONCLUSION: Mean intraocular pressure and fibrosis were lower in animals receiving bevacizumab in combination with mitomycin C but did not differ from values in animals receiving mitomycin C alone. Inhibition of VEGF was greater when bevacizumab was used alone than when bevacizumab was combined with mitomycin C.

Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma of the Nasal Cavity: Clinical, Histopathological, and Immunohistochemical Distinction of a Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Epithelial myoepithelial carcinomas (EMCs) are rare low-grade salivary gland tumors. Here, we report the case of a 75-year-old man presenting with an oncocytic variant of EMC of the nasal cavity, initially diagnosed as an oncocytoma. METHODS: Our patient underwent functional sinus surgery in 2012. On pathology, an oncocytic neoplasm was found in the right nasal cavity, characterized by fragments of uniform bland oncocytic cells with bilayered arrangement of nuclei. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated biphasic cells: luminal epithelial and basal cell-type myoepithelial cells. The tumor was best diagnosed as an oncocytoma. In 2015, the patient presented with a recurrent right inferior turbinate lesion, compatible with oncocytic EMC. RESULTS: The patient underwent oncological surgery and received adjuvant radiotherapy. He had no disease recurrence. CONCLUSION: Different variants of EMCs exist, such as oncocytic EMC. EMCs should be treated aggressively because they can be locally invasive, recur, and give rise to distant metastases.

Melanoma inhibitory activity in Brazilian patients with cutaneous melanoma.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma inhibitory activity is a protein secreted by melanoma cells and has been used as a tumor marker. Increased Melanoma inhibitory activity serum levels are related to metastatic disease or tumor recurrence. Currently there are no studies on Melanoma inhibitory activity and cutaneous melanoma involving Brazilian patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and feasibility of measuring Melanoma inhibitory activity levels in Brazilian patients with cutaneous melanoma. METHODS: Blood was obtained from ten patients with proved metastatic cutaneous melanoma (Group 1), 15 patients resected for cutaneous melanoma without metastasis (Group 2) and 5 healthy donors (Group 3). Melanoma inhibitory activity was measured using a commercially available ELISA kit. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference of Melanoma inhibitory activity levels between patients with and without metastasis (p=0.002), and between patients with metastasis and healthy donors (p=0.002). There was no difference between patients without metastasis and healthy donors (p=0.443). CONCLUSION: Melanoma inhibitory activity is a tumor marker for cutaneous melanoma and the Melanoma inhibitory activity-ELISA test can be easily performed. Patients with metastasis have increased Melanoma inhibitory activity serum levels when compared to patients without metastasis and healthy donors.

Melanoma inhibitory activity in Brazilian patients with cutaneous melanoma

Abstract BACKGROUND: Melanoma inhibitory activity is a protein secreted by melanoma cells and has been used as a tumor marker. Increased Melanoma inhibitory activity serum levels are related to metastatic disease or tumor recurrence. Currently there are no studies on Melanoma inhibitory activity and cutaneous melanoma involving Brazilian patients. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and feasibility of measuring Melanoma inhibitory activity levels in Brazilian patients with cutaneous melanoma. METHODS: Blood was obtained from ten patients with proved metastatic cutaneous melanoma (Group 1), 15 patients resected for cutaneous melanoma without metastasis (Group 2) and 5 healthy donors (Group 3). Melanoma inhibitory activity was measured using a commercially available ELISA kit. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference of Melanoma inhibitory activity levels between patients with and without metastasis (p=0.002), and between patients with metastasis and healthy donors (p=0.002). There was no difference between patients without metastasis and healthy donors (p=0.443). CONCLUSION: Melanoma inhibitory activity is a tumor marker for cutaneous melanoma and the Melanoma inhibitory activity-ELISA test can be easily performed. Patients with metastasis have increased Melanoma inhibitory activity serum levels when compared to patients without metastasis and healthy donors. .

Current and emerging treatment options for uveal melanoma.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumor in adults, with a 10-year cumulative metastatic rate of 34%. The most common site of metastasis is the liver (95%). Unfortunately, the current treatment of metastatic UM is limited by the lack of effective systemic therapy. Options for the management of the primary intraocular tumor include radical surgery as well as conservative treatments in order to preserve visual acuity. For metastatic disease, several approaches have been described with no standard method. Nevertheless, median survival after liver metastasis is poor, being around 4-6 months, with a 1-year survival of 10%-15%. In this review, the authors summarize current and promising new treatments for UM.

Corneal stromal dystrophies: a clinical pathologic study / Distrofia corneana estromal: um estudo clínicopatológico

INTRODUCTION: Corneal dystrophy is defined as bilateral and symmetric primary corneal disease, without previous associated ocular inflammation. Corneal dystrophies are classified according to the involved corneal layer in superficial, stromal, and posterior dystrophy. Incidence of each dystrophy varies according to the geographic region studied. PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of stromal corneal dystrophies among corneal buttons specimens obtained by penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in an ocular pathology laboratory and to correlate the diagnosis with patient age and gender. METHODS: Corneal button cases of penetrating keratoplasty from January-1996 to May-2009 were retrieved from the archives of The Henry C. Witelson Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory and Registry, Montreal, Canada. The cases with histopathological diagnosis of stromal corneal dystrophies were stained with special stains (Peroxid acid Schiff, Masson trichrome, Congo red analyzed under polarized light, and alcian blue) for classification and correlated with epidemiological information (age at time of PK and gender) from patients' file. RESULTS: 1,300 corneal buttons cases with clinical diagnose of corneal dystrophy were retrieved. Stromal corneal dystrophy was found in 40 (3.1%) cases. Lattice corneal dystrophy was the most prevalent with 26 cases (65%). Nineteen were female (73.07%) and the PK was performed at average age of 59.3 years old. Combined corneal dystrophy was found in 8 (20%) cases, 5 (62.5%) of them were female and the average age of the penetrating keratoplasty was 54.8 years old. Granular corneal dystrophy was represented by 5 (12.5%) cases, and 2 (40%) of them were female. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed at average age of 39.5 years old in granular corneal dystrophy cases. Macular corneal dystrophy was present in only 1 (2.5%) case, in a 36 years old female. CONCLUSION: Systematic histopathological approach and evaluation, including special stains in all stromal corneal dystrophies is critical to establish the correct diagnosis.

INTRODUÇÃO: A distrofia corneana é definida como doença primária da córnea, bilateral e simétrica, sem associação com inflamação ocular prévia. Distrofias corneanas são classificados de acordo com a camada corneana envolvida em distrofia superficial, estromal e posterior. A incidência de cada distrofia varia de acordo com a região geográfica estudada. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de distrofias corneanas estromal em botões corneanos de espécimes obtidos por ceratoplastia penetrante (CP), oriundos do arquivo de um laboratório de patologia ocular e correlacionar o diagnóstico com a idade e o sexo dos pacientes. MÉTODOS: Os botões corneanos oriundos de ceratoplastia penetrante recebidos entre janeiro de 1996 e maio de 2009 foram selecionados dos arquivos do Henry C. Witelson Ocular Pathology and Registry Laboratory, em Montreal, Canadá. Os casos com diagnóstico histopatológico de distrofias corneanas estromal foram corados com colorações especiais ("Peroxid acid Schiff", tricrômico de Masson, vermelho Congo analisadas sob luz polarizada, e "alcian blue") para a classificação e foram correlacionados com dados epidemiológicos (idade na época da ceratoplastia penetrante e sexo) dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: 1.300 casos de botões corneanos com diagnóstico clínico de distrofia corneana foram recuperados. Distrofia corneana estromal foi encontrada em 40 (3,1%) dos casos. Distrofia corneana lattice foi a mais prevalente com 26 casos (65%). Dezenove eram do sexo feminino (73,07%) e CP foi realizada em média com 59,3 anos de idade. Distrofia corneana combinada foi encontrada em 8 (20%) casos, 5 (62,5%) eram do sexo feminino e a idade média da CP foi de 54,8 anos. Distrofia corneana granular foi encontrada em 5 (12,5%) casos, e 2 (40%) deles eram do sexo feminino. A ceratoplastia penetrante foi realizada na média de idade de 39,5 anos, em casos de distrofia corneana granular. A distrofia corneana macular esteve presente em apenas um caso (2,5%), 36 anos de idade do sexo feminino. CONCLUSÃO: A abordagem histopatológica e avaliação sistemáticas, incluindo colorações especiais em todas as distrofias corneanas é essencial para estabelecer o correto diagnóstico.

Clinical and histopathological features of orbital granular cell tumor: case report.

A 53 year-old woman presented with a slowly progressive, painless proptosis OS. Computed tomography disclosed a round, homogeneous, well-delimited lesion in the inferior-temporal orbit. The tumor was composed of round cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Some of the cells had larger eosinophilic granules surrounded by a clear halo; known as pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian or Bangle bodies. The diagnosis of a granular cell tumor was then established and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Granular cell tumors are uncommon benign soft tissue neoplasms that have a predilection for the head and neck region. Awareness of the typical histopathological features is crucial for the correct diagnosis.

Clinical and histopathological features of orbital granular cell tumor: case report / Características clínicas e histopatológicas de tumor de células granulares da órbita: relato de caso

A 53 year-old woman presented with a slowly progressive, painless proptosis OS. Computed tomography disclosed a round, homogeneous, well-delimited lesion in the inferior-temporal orbit. The tumor was composed of round cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Some of the cells had larger eosinophilic granules surrounded by a clear halo; known as pustulo-ovoid bodies of Milian or Bangle bodies. The diagnosis of a granular cell tumor was then established and confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Granular cell tumors are uncommon benign soft tissue neoplasms that have a predilection for the head and neck region. Awareness of the typical histopathological features is crucial for the correct diagnosis.

Mulher de 53 anos apresentou proptose lentamente progressiva no olho esquerdo. Tomografia computadorizada mostrou uma lesão na região temporal inferior da órbita esquerda, bem delimitada, arredondada, homogênea. O tumor era composto de células com citoplasma granular eosinofilico. Algumas das células possuíam grandes grânulos eosinofílicos circundados por um halo claro, conhecidos como corpos ovoides-pustulares de Milian or corpos de Bangle. O diagnóstico de tumor de células granulares foi estabelecido, confirmado pela imuno-histoquímica. Tumor de células granulares são neoplasias incomuns com predileção da região da cabeça e pescoço. O conhecimento das características histopatológicas típicas são cruciais para o correto diagnóstico.

Castor oil polyurethane containing silica nanoparticles as filling material of bone defect in rats / Poliuretana de mamona contendo nanopartículas de sílica como material de preenchimento de defeito ósseo em ratos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biologic behavior of the castor polymer containing silica nanoparticles as a bone substitute in diafisary defect. METHODS: Twenty seven male rattus norvegicus albinus wistar lineage were submitted to bone defect filled with castor oil polymer. Three experimental groups had been formed with nine animals each: (1) castor oil polymer containing only calcium carbonate; (2) castor oil polymer with calcium carbonate and doped with 5 percent of silica nanoparticles; (3) castor polymer with calcium carbonate doped with 10 percent of silica nanoparticles; 3 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia 15, 30 and 60 days after experimental procedure, and their femurs were removed to histological evaluation. RESULTS: there was bone growth in all the studied groups, with a greater tendency of growth in the group 1. After 30 days all the groups presented similar results. After 60 days a greater amount of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in group 3 was observed, with integrated activity of 3 kinds of cells involved in the bone activation-reabsorption-formation. CONCLUSIONS: The castor polymer associated to the silica nanoparticles is biocompatible and allows osteoconduction. The presence of osteoprogenitors cells suggests silica osteoinduction capacity.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o comportamento biológico do polímero de mamona contendo nanopartículas de sílica como substituto ósseo. MÉTODOS: Vinte e sete rattus norvergicus albinus, Wistar foram submetidos a defeito ósseo preenchido com polímero de mamona. Foram formados três grupos experimentais, com nove ratos cada: (1) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio; (2) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio dopado com 5 por cento de nanopartículas de sílica; (3) Polímero com carbonato de cálcio dopado com 10 por cento de nanopartículas de sílica; três animais de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia 15, 30 e 60 dias após o procedimento experimental e os fêmures removidos e submetidos à avaliação histológica. RESULTADOS: Houve crescimento ósseo em todos os grupos estudados, com maior tendência de crescimento no grupo contendo polímero de mamona acrescido apenas por carbonato de cálcio. Aos 30 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram resultados semelhantes. Aos 60 dias, notou-se maior presença de fibroblastos, osteoblastos, osteócitos e osteoclastos no grupo 3, com persistência da atividade integrada dos três tipos de células envolvidas no processo de ativação-reabsorção-formação óssea. CONCLUSÕES: O polímero de mamona associado com nanopartículas de sílica é biocompatível e permite a osteocondução. A presença de células osteoprogenitoras nos implantes contendo 10 por cento de sílica indica sua capacidade osteoindutora.

Corneal stromal dystrophies: a clinical pathologic study.

INTRODUCTION: Corneal dystrophy is defined as bilateral and symmetric primary corneal disease, without previous associated ocular inflammation. Corneal dystrophies are classified according to the involved corneal layer in superficial, stromal, and posterior dystrophy. Incidence of each dystrophy varies according to the geographic region studied. PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of stromal corneal dystrophies among corneal buttons specimens obtained by penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in an ocular pathology laboratory and to correlate the diagnosis with patient age and gender. METHODS: Corneal button cases of penetrating keratoplasty from January-1996 to May-2009 were retrieved from the archives of The Henry C. Witelson Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory and Registry, Montreal, Canada. The cases with histopathological diagnosis of stromal corneal dystrophies were stained with special stains (Peroxid acid Schiff, Masson trichrome, Congo red analyzed under polarized light, and alcian blue) for classification and correlated with epidemiological information (age at time of PK and gender) from patients' file. RESULTS: 1,300 corneal buttons cases with clinical diagnose of corneal dystrophy were retrieved. Stromal corneal dystrophy was found in 40 (3.1%) cases. Lattice corneal dystrophy was the most prevalent with 26 cases (65%). Nineteen were female (73.07%) and the PK was performed at average age of 59.3 years old. Combined corneal dystrophy was found in 8 (20%) cases, 5 (62.5%) of them were female and the average age of the penetrating keratoplasty was 54.8 years old. Granular corneal dystrophy was represented by 5 (12.5%) cases, and 2 (40%) of them were female. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed at average age of 39.5 years old in granular corneal dystrophy cases. Macular corneal dystrophy was present in only 1 (2.5%) case, in a 36 years old female. CONCLUSION: Systematic histopathological approach and evaluation, including special stains in all stromal corneal dystrophies is critical to establish the correct diagnosis.

Castor oil polyurethane containing silica nanoparticles as filling material of bone defect in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biologic behavior of the castor polymer containing silica nanoparticles as a bone substitute in diafisary defect. METHODS: Twenty seven male Rattus norvegicus albinus Wistar lineage were submitted to bone defect filled with castor oil polymer. Three experimental groups had been formed with nine animals each: (1) castor oil polymer containing only calcium carbonate; (2) castor oil polymer with calcium carbonate and doped with 5% of silica nanoparticles; (3) castor polymer with calcium carbonate doped with 10% of silica nanoparticles; 3 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia 15, 30 and 60 days after experimental procedure, and their femurs were removed to histological evaluation. RESULTS: there was bone growth in all the studied groups, with a greater tendency of growth in the group 1. After 30 days all the groups presented similar results. After 60 days a greater amount of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts in group 3 was observed, with integrated activity of 3 kinds of cells involved in the bone activation-reabsorption-formation. CONCLUSIONS: The castor polymer associated to the silica nanoparticles is biocompatible and allows osteoconduction. The presence of osteoprogenitors cells suggests silica osteoinduction capacity.

Cytokeratin expression in corneal dystrophies.

PURPOSE: To identify an immunohistochemical pattern of epithelial markers in granular, lattice and Avellino corneal dystrophies. METHODS: Twenty-two corneal buttons, diagnosed as lattice (17), Avellino (4) and granular (1) underwent immunohistochemical studies of cytokeratins (CKs) on paraffin-embedded sections (group I). Monoclonal antibodies for pan-CK (AE1/AE3) and CKs 3/12, 5/6, 8, 18 and 19 were used. Twenty-two normal corneas were used as the control (group II). RESULTS: Six lattice and 2 Avellino cases of group I stained positively with anti-CK 3/12 in corneal epithelium and areas of corneal stroma deposits. One of these cases of lattice was positive for anti-pan-CK (AE1/AE3) also in the epithelium and areas of corneal stroma deposits with a similar pattern. None of the controls (group II) revealed any staining in corneal stroma. All disease and control cases (groups I and II) revealed positive staining in corneal epithelium. CONCLUSION: AE1/AE3 and CK 3/12 anti-CK positive markers in the stromal deposits of lattice and Avellino dystrophies may suggest an epithelial genesis of the disease.

Cytokeratin expression in corneal dystrophies / Expressão de citoqueratinas em distrofias corneanas

PURPOSE: To identify an immunohistochemical pattern of epithelial markers in granular, lattice and Avellino corneal dystrophies. METHODS: Twenty-two corneal buttons, diagnosed as lattice (17), Avellino (4) and granular (1) underwent immunohistochemical studies of cytokeratins (CKs) on pa- raffin-embedded sections (group I). Monoclonal antibodies for pan-CK (AE1/AE3) and CKs 3/12, 5/6, 8, 18 and 19 were used. Twenty-two normal corneas were used as the control (group II). RESULTS: Six lattice and 2 Avellino cases of group I stained positively with anti-CK 3/12 in corneal epithelium and areas of corneal stroma deposits. One of these cases of lattice was positive for anti-pan-CK (AE1/AE3) also in the epithelium and areas of corneal stroma deposits with a similar pattern. None of the controls (group II) revealed any staining in corneal stroma. All disease and control cases (groups I and II) revealed positive staining in corneal epithelium. CONCLUSION: AE1/AE3 and CK 3/12 anti-CK positive markers in the stromal deposits of lattice and Avellino dystrophies may suggest an epithelial genesis of the disease.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a expressão de citoqueratinas (CKs) em córneas com distrofias corneanas tipo granular, lattice e Avellino. MÉTODOS: Vinte e dois botões corneanos com diagnóstico anatomopatológico de distrofia estromal tipo lattice (17), Avellino (4) e granular (1) foram submetidos à avaliação imunohistoquímica nos tecidos inclusos em parafina (grupo I). Anticorpos monoclonais para pan-CK (AE1/AE3) e CKs de números 3/12, 5/6, 8, 18 e 19 foram utilizados. Vinte e dois botões corneanos normais foram usados como controle (grupo II). RESULTADOS: Oito casos do grupo I (seis lattice e dois Avellino) apresentaram reações imuno-histoquímicas positivas com anti-CK 3/12, tanto no epitélio como nos depósitos estromais e um destes casos (lattice) também se mostrou positivo para anti-pan-CK (AE1/AE3) com o mesmo padrão de reação. Nenhum caso do grupo II mostrou reação imuno-histoquímica positiva no estroma corneano. Na avaliação imuno-histoquímica dos grupos I e II, o epitélio apresentou uma reação positiva com o anticorpo anti-pan-CK (AE1/AE3) e com o anti-CK 3/12. CONCLUSÃO: O fato da pan-CK e CK 3/12 apresentarem uma reação positiva nos depósitos das distrofias tipo lattice e Avellino sugere uma origem epitelial desses depósitos corneanos.

[Effects of silver sulfadiazine, ipê roxo (tabebuia avellanedae) extract and barbatimão (stryphnodendron adstringens) extract on cutaneous wound healing in rats]. / O efeito da sulfadiazina de prata, extrato de ipê-roxo e extrato de barbatimão na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratos.

OBJECTIVE: Morphological study of effects of silver sulfadiazine, Tabebuia avellanedae (ipê-roxo) extract and Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) extract on cutaneous wound healing was done. METHODS: Ninety six Wistar rats were used. All animals underwent a femoral right vein ligation to induce a venous hypertension. Thirty days after the cutaneous wound was done, they were divided into groups of four animals. Group S received silver sulfadiazine topical application; group IR, Tabebuia avellanedae extract topical application; group B received Stryphnodendron adstringens extract topical application and group C received physiological solution topical application, every day for a period of seven, 14 and 30 days. Histology analyzed the presence vascular proliferation, neutrophil and lymphocite, fibroblast, collagen fiber and epithelization. RESULTS: The macroscopic analysis showed complete epithelization at 14 days in group S, IR e B. The histological data at 14 days of observation only group C still showed incomplete epithelization in six animals. At the same period there was a statistic significant difference between the control group and the others groups as inflammation process and neovascularization. About the presence fibroblasts and collagen, there was statistic significant difference between the control group and the others groups at the 30 days because at this period the control group still showed fibroblasts and collagen lower when compared to the others groups. CONCLUSION: The morphological analysis of the results permits to infer that the group S, IR and B had a better healing of skin wounds, when compared with the control.

Captura híbrida negativa em displasia intraepitelial isolada de córnea / Negative hybrid capture in a single intraepithelial corneal dysplasia

As displasias intraepiteliais de córnea correspondem a lesões de baixo risco de malignidade, dentro do espectro das neoplasias intraepiteliais da superfície ocular. Essas displasias se apresentam como áreas leucoplásicas e têm como um dos principais fatores de risco o papilomavírus humano (HPV). No presente trabalho, os autores descrevem um caso de displasia intraepitelial isolada de córnea, tratada através de excisão cirúrgica, com confirmação histológica e resultado negativo de hibridização de DNA para HPV.

Cornea intraepithelial dysplasias are lesions with low risk of malignancy within the spectrum of intraepithelial neoplasia of the ocular surface. These areas are presented as dysplasias or leukoplasias and are associated with the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV), a major risk factor. In this report, the authors describe a case of a corneal intraepithelial dysplasia treated by surgical excision, with histological confirmation and negative DNA hybridization for HPV.

End-to-side nerve repair using fibrin glue in rats / Anastomose nervosa término-lateral usando cola de fibrina em ratos

Purpose: To evaluate axonal regeneration after end-to-side nerve repair with fibrin glue in rats. Methods: Forty-five Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group A (n=15), were not submitted to surgery (control group); group B (n=15) were submitted to fibular transection without repair; and group C (n=15), were submitted to fibular transection with end-to-side nerve anastomosis using fibrin glue, in the lateral surface of an intact tibial nerve. The three groups were submitted to walking track (30 and 90 days) and posterior morphometrical analysis (90 days). Results: The functional tests demonstrated that there was no difference in the walking track during the study in group A (p>0.05). The group B had walking pattern impairment in the two tests (p>0.05). The group C had walking pattern impairment in the first test, with important recovery in the second test (p<0.05). The morphometrical assessment revealed significantly higher number of regenerated mielinates axons in group C, compared to group B (p<0.05). Conclusion: The end-to-side nerve repair with fibrin glue shows axonal recovery, demonstrated through functional and morphometrical ways in rats.

Objetivo: Avaliar a regeneração axonal após anastomose nervosa término-lateral (ATL) usando cola de fibrina em ratos. Métodos: Quarenta e cinco ratos Wistar distribuídos em três grupos: os animais do grupo A (n=15) não foram submetidos à secção nervosa (grupo controle); os animais do grupo B (n=15) foram submetidos apenas à secção do nervo fibular, sem posterior anastomose; e os animais do grupo C (n=15) foram submetidos à secção do nervo fibular e à ATL com cola de fibrina no nervo tibial. Posteriormente, os animais foram submetidos a dois testes de marcha (30 e 90 dias) e à análise morfométrica (90 dias). Resultados: A análise estatística dos testes de marcha demonstrou que o grupo A não apresentou alteração no padrão de caminhada durante o estudo (p>0,05). O grupo B apresentou prejuízo motor no primeiro e no segundo teste (p>0,05). O grupo C apresentou um padrão de atrofia no primeiro teste, com recuperação da marcha no segundo teste (p<0,05). Na análise morfométrica, o grupo C apresentou regeneração axonal significativamente superior ao grupo B (p<0,05). Conclusão: A ATL realizada com cola de fibrina resultou em regeneração axonal no rato, demonstrada tanto histologicamente quanto funcionalmente.

End-to-side nerve repair using fibrin glue in rats.

PURPOSE: To evaluate axonal regeneration after end-to-side nerve repair with fibrin glue in rats. METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats were divided into three groups: group A (n=15), were not submitted to surgery (control group); group B (n=15) were submitted to fibular transection without repair; and group C (n=15), were submitted to fibular transection with end-to-side nerve anastomosis using fibrin glue, in the lateral surface of an intact tibial nerve. The three groups were submitted to walking track (30 and 90 days) and posterior morphometrical analysis (90 days). RESULTS: The functional tests demonstrated that there was no difference in the walking track during the study in group A (p>0.05). The group B had walking pattern impairment in the two tests (p>0.05). The group C had walking pattern impairment in the first test, with important recovery in the second test (p<0.05). The morphometrical assessment revealed significantly higher number of regenerated mielinates axons in group C, compared to group B (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The end-to-side nerve repair with fibrin glue shows axonal recovery, demonstrated through functional and morphometrical ways in rats.

O efeito da sulfadiazina de prata, extrato de ipê-roxo e extrato de barbatimão na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas em ratos / Effects of silver sulfadiazine, ipê roxo (Tabebuia avellanedae) extract and barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) extract on cutaneous wound healing in rats

OBJETIVO: Estudo morfológico do efeito da sulfadiazina de prata, extrato de ipê-roxo e extrato de barbatimão na cicatrização de feridas cutâneas. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se 96 ratos Wistar. Todos foram submetidos à ligadura da veia femoral direita para produzir hipertensão venosa. Após 30 dias foi confeccionada a ferida cutânea. Dividiu-se os animais em quatro grupos. O grupo S recebeu aplicação tópica de sulfadiazina de prata; o grupo IR, extrato de ipê-roxo; o grupo B, extrato de barbatimão e o grupo C, aplicação de solução salina a 0,9 por cento, diariamente, nas feridas por um período de sete, 14 e 30 dias. A análise histológica avaliou: proliferação vascular, neutrófilos, linfócitos, fibroblastos, fibras colágenas e epitelização. RESULTADOS: Os achados macroscópicos mostraram epitelização completa aos 14 dias em todos os animais dos grupos S, IR e B. Na análise histológica aos 14 dias, apenas o grupo C ainda apresentava epitelização incompleta em seis animais; neste mesmo período houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o grupo controle e os demais grupos quanto ao processo inflamatório e neovascularização. Em relação à presença de fibroblastos e colágeno, houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre o grupo controle e os demais grupos aos 30 dias. CONCLUSÃO: A análise dos resultados morfológicos permite inferir que o grupo S, IR e B foram favorecidos no processo de cicatrização das feridas cutâneas, quando comparados com o controle.

OBJECTIVE: Morphological study of effects of silver sulfadiazine, Tabebuia avellanedae (ipê-roxo) extract and Stryphnodendron adstringens (barbatimão) extract on cutaneous wound healing was done. METHODS: Ninety six Wistar rats were used. All animals underwent a femoral right vein ligation to induce a venous hypertension. Thirty days after the cutaneous wound was done, they were divided into groups of four animals. Group S received silver sulfadiazine topical application; group IR, Tabebuia avellanedae extract topical application; group B received Stryphnodendron adstringens extract topical application and group C received physiological solution topical application, every day for a period of seven, 14 and 30 days. Histology analyzed the presence vascular proliferation, neutrophil and lymphocite, fibroblast, collagen fiber and epithelization. RESULTS: The macroscopic analysis showed complete epithelization at 14 days in group S, IR e B. The histological data at 14 days of observation only group C still showed incomplete epithelization in six animals. At the same period there was a statistic significant difference between the control group and the others groups as inflammation process and neovascularization. About the presence fibroblasts and collagen, there was statistic significant difference between the control group and the others groups at the 30 days because at this period the control group still showed fibroblasts and collagen lower when compared to the others groups. CONCLUSION: The morphological analysis of the results permits to infer that the group S, IR and B had a better healing of skin wounds, when compared with the control.