RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim: To assess the structural and metabolic changes in the sensorimotor cortex of the rat brain under conditions of hemorrhagic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out on rats of the control and experimental groups with a model of hemorrhagic stroke. We used histological, electron microscopic, biochemical methods and biological markers. RESULTS: Results: In the sensorimotor cortex of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere of rats under conditions of hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral edema and progression of neurodegenerative changes were observed; an increase in the size of mitochondria, which is caused by edema of their matrix; activation of lipid peroxidation processes and a decrease in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system, a decrease in the level of apoptosis markers and inhibition of ERK1/2 expression. The study of DNA fragmentation in the cerebral cortex revealed a significant number of manifestations of necrosis and an insignificant number of cells in a state of apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: after modelling a hemorrhagic stroke in the right hemisphere of the brain, perivascular and pericellular edema of the energy apparatus, cell death by necrosis and apoptosis, and activation of lipid peroxidation processes were established as well as a decrease in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system.