[Comparative study of the antioxidant activity of gamma-butyrobetaine and its natural and synthetic derivatives in vitro]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka antioksidantnol aktivnosti gamma-butirobetaina i ego prirodnykh i sinteticheskikh proizvodnykh in vitro.

Experiments in vitro with the use of a rat brain homogenate demonstrated antioxidant activity of methyl ether (3(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate possessing a positive charge at the quaternary nitrogen atom. The antioxidant activity was due to intensified neutralization of superoxide anion radicals and, correspondingly, inhibited peroxidation of endogenous brain lipids. The other compounds under study, namely, gamma-butyrobetaine, its methyl ether, and 3(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazine) propionate did not exhibit antioxidant properties.

[The effect of mildronate on disorders of the cardiac contractile function in rats caused by an excess of free fatty acids and ischemia]. / Vliianie mildronata na narusheniia sokratitel'noi funktsii serdtsa krys, vyzyvaemye izbytkom svobodnykh zhirnykh kislot i ishemiei.

Oral administration of mildronate, 3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazine)propionate, an inhibitor of carnitine-dependent metabolism, in a dose of 50-100 mg/kg for 10 days promoted a rapid restoration of contractility of Langendorf perfused rat heart preparations during postischemic perfusion and protected the rat hearts against inhibition of contractile function resulting from continuous perfusion with palmitic acid. Mildronate inhibits gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase, depresses carnitine biosynthesis and reduces carnitine-dependent fatty acid metabolism. The cardioprotective effect of mildronate is particularly manifest upon continuous administration.