Detecting adsorption space in carbon nanotubes by benzene uptake.

Experimental results of benzene and nitrogen adsorption from gaseous phase and benzene adsorption and kinetics of the process from aqueous solution, measured on a series of eight commercial closed carbon nanotubes, are presented. Additionally we show the results of adsorption on compressed nanotubes. Using simple analytical approach and the analysis of adsorption and kinetics results it is concluded that in the "architecture" of nanotubes very important role has been played by isolated nanotubes.

Enhanced adsorption of paracetamol on closed carbon nanotubes by formation of nanoaggregates: carbon nanotubes as potential materials in hot-melt drug deposition-experiment and simulation.

We present the new results of systematic studies of paracetamol adsorption on closed, commercially available, unmodified carbon nanotubes. The results of thermal analysis, static adsorption measurements and the comparison with phenol adsorption data lead to suggestion that the formation of paracetamol nanoaggregates in the interstitial spaces between nanotubes occurs. This effect is also confirmed by the results of (performed in two ways) independent dynamic measurements and by molecular dynamics simulation technique. Next, we show that the behavior of adsorbed paracetamol during heating leads to the creation of a new drug delivery system. The properties of this system depend on the type of applied nanotubes and the parameters of the process called hot-melt drug deposition. Thus, we conclude that confined nanoaggregate formation, as well as hot-melt deposition should be promising effects in the preparation of highly effective, new drug delivery systems.

Phenol adsorption on closed carbon nanotubes.

We present the results of systematic studies of phenol adsorption on closed commercially available, unmodified carbon nanotubes. Phenol adsorption is determined by the value of tube-specific surface area, the presence of small amount of surface groups influence adsorption only in very small amount. Phenol can be applied as a probe molecule for comparative analysis of tube surface areas. Tube curvature influences adsorption from solution, i.e., we observe increasing adsorption energy (and slower desorption process) with the decrease in tube curvature. This is in full accordance with molecular simulation results.

New phosphorus-containing spherical carbon adsorbents as promising materials in drug adsorption and release.

A simple method of preparation of new high surface area spherical carbon adsorbents is presented. The phosphoric acid activation upon hydrothermally formed spherules was employed to produce carbons having controlled high specific surface area (over 2100m(2)/g), large volumes of pores (1.2cm(3)/g), and high acidity. Prepared from sucrose materials show high adsorption capacities (i.e. 220mg/g(C)) toward paracetamol. It is proved that for these materials the contents of surface phosphorus are responsible for the reversibility of drug adsorption/release process.

[The results of molecular epidemiological investigations in patients infected with strains of the genus Acinetobacter]. / Wyniki molekularnych dochodzen epidemiologicznych u chorych zakazonych szczepami z rodzaju Acinetobacter.

INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter spp. is an important opportunistic pathogen responsible for increasing number of nosocomial infections. The majority of infection are of epidemic origin, and treatment has become difficult because many strains are resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the local infections caused by various species of the genus Acinetobacter, occurring in the hospital wards IGiChP in periods of increased prevalence: August 2007 and February and March 2008. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty three strains of Acinetobacter spp. were isolated from 19 patients residing in the same period and the same hospital ward (2007 - 13 strains from 11 patients, 2008 - 10 strains from 8 patients). Acinetobacter isolates obtained from these patients were characterized by phenotypically methods and genotypically by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR). RESULTS: All strains of Acinetobacter (n = 23) were multi-drug resistant. Used AP-PCR method showed 10 genotypes among the all strains. Acinetobacter spp. strains cultivated in 2007 and 2008 belonged to one genotype, came from patients hospitalized on the same wards, which confirms the transmission of infection in the patient's residence. CONCLUSIONS: The same genotype Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from two patients in 2007, and two patients in 2008, showed the presence of bacteria in the hospital environment. In the present study, we also established the usefulness of AP-PCR in molecular epidemiological investigations.