RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to determine the accuracy of infrared (IR)-based serum biomarker profiling to differentiate horses with early inflammatory changes associated with a traumatically induced model of equine carpal osteoarthritis (OA) from controls. METHOD: unilateral carpal OA was induced in 9 of 17 healthy Thoroughbred fillies, while the remainder served as sham operated controls. Serum samples were obtained before induction of OA (Day 0) and weekly thereafter until Day 63 from both groups. Films of dried serum were created, and IR absorbance spectra acquired. Following pre-processing, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to assess group and time differences and generate predictive models for wavenumber ranges 1300-1800 âcm-1 and 2600-3700 âcm-1. RESULTS: the overall correct classification rate when classifying samples by group (OA or Sham) was 52.7% (s.d. â= â12.8%), while it was 94.0% (s.d. â= â1.4%) by sampling Day. The correct classification results by group-sampling Day combinations with pre-intervention serum (Day 0) was 50.5% (s.d. â= â21.7%). CONCLUSION: with the current approach IR spectroscopic analysis could not differentiate serum of horses with induced carpal OA from that of controls. The high classification rate obtained by Day of sampling may reflect the effect of exercise on the biomarker profile. A longer study period (advanced disease) or naturally occurring disease may provide further information on the suitability of this technique in horses.
RESUMEN
The essential oil, various extracts at different polarity, fractions, and pure compounds obtained from Nigella damascena plants and seeds were screened for biological activity. Antimicrobial tests showed the essential oil to be active only against Gram positive bacteria; among the extracts, the BuOH was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Molluscicidal activity was absent.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Moluscocidas/farmacología , Nigella damascena , Fitoterapia , Aceites de Plantas/farmacología , Animales , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Candida albicans/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Moluscocidas/administración & dosificación , Moluscocidas/uso terapéutico , Aceites de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Aceites de Plantas/uso terapéutico , Caracoles/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The antimicrobial activity on bacteria and fungi of increasing polarity extracts of Rubus ulmifolius and that of some isolated constituents, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide; kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, gallic acid, ferulic acid and tiliroside was evaluated. The phenolic and tannins fractions showed an high antimicrobial activity.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Rosaceae/química , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/estadística & datos numéricos , Fitoterapia/métodos , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Hojas de la PlantaRESUMEN
The antimicrobial activity of extracts of Geum rivale (Rosaceae) and that of some isolated constituents, on bacteria and fungi, was evaluated. The activity was concentrated in the triterpenes fraction and, for gram+ and gram- bacteria, also in the flavonoids fraction.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Rosácea , Antibacterianos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Extractos Vegetales/farmacologíaRESUMEN
The antimicrobial activity of the n-hexane (H) and chloroform (C) extracts, the methanol extract (M) and its ethyl acetate (E) and n-butanol (B) fractions, and six isolated constituents of the aerial parts of Hypericum hircinum was investigated using an agar diffusion method. The maximum activity was exhibited by the methanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus, while all pure constituents showed no antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , Hypericum , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Antibacterianos , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
The chemical composition of the essential oil of Calamintha nepeta and its antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella veneziana, S. paratyphi B. S. typhimurium, Fusarium moniliforme, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger and Pyricularia oryzae have been studied. Moreover the main constituents of the oil (limonene, menthone, pulegone, menthol) have been tested against the same microorganisms. Only pulegone showed antimicrobial activity, particularly against all the Salmonella species.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Mentol/análogos & derivados , Monoterpenos , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antibacterianos , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía de Gases , Monoterpenos Ciclohexánicos , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Mentol/farmacología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
The biological activity of methanol and water extracts of Mutisia acuminata Ruiz et Pavon var. acuminata (Asteraceae) against bacteria and fungi (spores and mycelia) was evaluated. The role of pH of the medium in antimicrobial activity was investigated.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antibacterianos , Bacillus subtilis/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Listeria monocytogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Essential oils from Satureja montana L., Rosmarinus officinalis L., Thymus vulgaris L., and Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi, were chemically analysed and their antimicrobial and fungicide activities evaluated on the basis of their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). All four oils have a biotoxic effect, the most active being those from Calamintha and Thymus.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Plantas Medicinales/química , Antibacterianos , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Cromatografía de Gases , Hongos/efectos de los fármacos , Mar Mediterráneo , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
The authors refer on Salmonella species isolated from carriers, in USL 13 country, during the period of five years 1984-1988 in the microbiological laboratories of S.M.P. USL 13. N. 1240 Salmonella strains were isolated. N. 62 serotypes have been recognized of which about 77% were of the groups B, C1, E1. The trial shows a high positivity of more rare serotypes especially in summer period.
