RESUMEN
Seven previously undescribed compounds, including five pyranonaphthoquinones (ventilanones L-P) and two naphthoquinones (ventilanones Q and R), along with 15 known compounds were isolated from the stem bark of Ventilago harmandiana (Rhamnaceae). The structures were established by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of ventilanone L was established from single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis using Cu Kα radiation and from its electronic circular dichroism data. Anti-HIV-1 activity using a syncytium inhibition assay and the cytotoxic activities of some isolated compounds were evaluated. Compounds 12, 13, 15, and 16 showed activity against syncytium formation with half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values ranging from 9.9 to 47 µM (selectivity index (SI) 2.4-4.5).
Asunto(s)
Naftoquinonas , Rhamnaceae , Estructura Molecular , Naftoquinonas/farmacología , Naftoquinonas/química , Corteza de la Planta/química , Dicroismo Circular , Rhamnaceae/químicaRESUMEN
A new alkaloid, amabiloid A (1) was isolated from Crinum amabile along with eleven known compounds. Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. In addition, the acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated.
Asunto(s)
Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae , Inhibidores de la Colinesterasa/farmacología , Crinum , Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae/aislamiento & purificación , Alcaloides de Amaryllidaceae/farmacología , Butirilcolinesterasa , Inhibidores de la Colinesterasa/aislamiento & purificación , Crinum/química , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Extractos VegetalesRESUMEN
The chemical study on the heartwoods extract of Ventilago harmandiana (Rhamnaceae) resulted in the isolation of ten previously undescribed pyranonaphthoquinones (ventilanones A-J), an undescribed anthraquinone (ventilanone K), together with eight known anthraquinone derivatives. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of ventilanone A was established from single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis of its p-bromobenzenesulfonate ester derivative using Cu Kα radiation. The absolute configurations of the other related compounds were identified by comparison of their ECD data with those of ventilanone A and related known compounds. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of some of the isolated compounds were evaluated. Ventilanone A and ventilanone C exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against P-388â¯cell line. Ventilanone D exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity while ventilanone A and ventilanone C showed moderate activity.
Asunto(s)
Antraquinonas/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Naftoquinonas/farmacología , Rhamnaceae/química , Animales , Antraquinonas/química , Antraquinonas/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/aislamiento & purificación , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Ensayos de Selección de Medicamentos Antitumorales , Ratones , Modelos Moleculares , Estructura Molecular , Naftoquinonas/química , Naftoquinonas/aislamiento & purificación , Ratas , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
Durio is well known as one of the sources of seasonal fruit production in Southeast Asia with its center of diversity in Borneo. Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia are the main Durio producers in the world. Besides having much information about the utilization and benefit from its timber and fruits as a food substance, traditionally some parts of this plant, such as leaves, bark and root, can also be used for medical purposes. This review deals with chemical constituents and the biological activities of Durio plants.
Asunto(s)
Bombacaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Farmacognosia , Corteza de la Planta/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Raíces de Plantas/químicaRESUMEN
Two coumarins, hystrixarin (1) and (+)-hopeyhopin (2); a benzenoid derivative, hystroxene-I (3) and a quinolinone alkaloid, hystrolinone (4), along with 33 known compounds were isolated from the crude acetone extract of the roots of Citrus hystrix. Their structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The antioxidant, anti-HIV and antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated.
Asunto(s)
Benceno/química , Citrus/química , Cumarinas/química , Raíces de Plantas/química , Quinolonas/química , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/clasificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Fármacos Anti-VIH/química , Fármacos Anti-VIH/clasificación , Fármacos Anti-VIH/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/clasificación , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Benceno/clasificación , Benceno/farmacología , Células Cultivadas , Cumarinas/clasificación , Cumarinas/farmacología , VIH/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Estructura Molecular , Quinolonas/clasificación , Quinolonas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Tetraoxygenated xanthones, cowaxanthones A-E, together with 10 previously reported tetraoxygenated xanthones, were isolated from the crude hexane extract of the fruits of Garcinia cowa. Cowaxanthone B has previously been reported as a synthetic xanthone. Their structures were elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data, especially by 1D and 2D NMR. The antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/química , Frutas/química , Garcinia/química , Xantonas/química , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Xantonas/aislamiento & purificación , Xantonas/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Methanolic extracts from the heart wood, stem bark, and stem wood of Ventilago harmandiana Pierre (Family Rhamnaceae) were assessed for anti-inflammatory effects using both acute and chronic inflammatory models. Analgesic and antipyretic activities of the extracts were also evaluated. It was found that all extracts possessed strong inhibitory effects on the acute phase of inflammation as seen in ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)- and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced ear edema as well as in carrageenin-induced paw edema in rats. The extracts elicited only weak inhibitory activity on cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation, a subchronic inflammatory model. In the analgesic test, all extracts exerted pronounced inhibitory activity in acetic acid-induced writhing response but showed only weak effects in the tail-flick test. The extracts also showed excellent antipyretic activity on yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats.