Effect of Vitamin E on Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Angiopoietin-1 in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Pilot Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis disturbances are common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Vitamin E has antiangiogenic properties. Data on the effects of vitamin E on angiogenesis in PCOS is limited, so the current study was conducted to evaluate its effects on angiogenic indices in PCOS patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 43 women aged 20-40 years, diagnosed with PCOS (Rotterdam criteria). It was performed at the referral clinic affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran, from April 2017 to September 2017. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups to receive either 400 IU/day vitamin E -as alpha tocopheryl acetate- (n=22) or placebo (n=21), for 8 weeks. Anthropometric, and angiogenic parameters including body weight, fat mass and fat free mass, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), and angiopoietin- 2 (Ang-2) were measured by standard methods at the beginning and at the end of study. Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 was used for statistical analysis and P<0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed that vitamin E supplementation significantly reduced body weight, fat mass, Ang-1, Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio and VEGF (P<0.01). We did not observe any considerable effect for vitamin E on Ang-2 level or bFGF. CONCLUSION: Vitamin E supplementation for 8 weeks in the PCOS women had beneficial effects on body weight, Ang- 1, Ang-1/Ang-2 ratio, and VEGF level (Registration number: IRCT201610193140N18).

The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at determining the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on the inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction indices among overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: This randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among overweight and obese women diagnosed with PCOS. Forty three PCOS women were randomly assigned to two groups: one group received 200 mg CoQ10 capsules per day (n = 22) and the other received placebo (n = 21) for 8 weeks. Biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction including high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin were measured and compared before and after the intervention. RESULTS: At the end of study, compared with pldacebo, CoQ10 supplementation resulted in significant decreases in serum levels of TNF-α (p = 0.009), hs-CRP and IL-6 (p = 0.001, p = 0.007, respectively). In addition, supplementation with CoQ10 resulted in a significant reduction in serum VCAM-1 (p = .002) and E-selectin (p = .006) compared with the control group. There were no significant differences for serum ICAM-1. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that CoQ10 supplementation for 8 weeks had a beneficial effect on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers in overweight and obese patients with PCOS.

Hormonal and Metabolic Effects of Coenzyme Q10 and/or Vitamin E in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women. The hormonal and metabolic effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and/or vitamin E in patients with PCOS have not been studied, to our knowledge. Objective: To evaluate the effects of CoQ10 and/or vitamin E on glucose homeostasis parameters and reproductive hormones in women with PCOS. Design, Setting, Participants: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial among 86 women with PCOS. Intervention: CoQ10 or vitamin E or combination for 8 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: Glucose homeostasis parameters and sex hormone concentrations. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, supplementation with CoQ10 alone or in combination with vitamin E, compared with placebo, had significant effects on fasting blood sugar (FBS); vitamin E's effect on FBS was not significant. A significant reduction in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was observed in the CoQ10 and combined groups. CoQ10, vitamin E, and cosupplementation led to decreased serum total testosterone levels (P < 0.001) compared with those of the placebo group. CoQ10 supplementation in combination with vitamin E significantly improved in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels compared with other groups (P = 0.008). Linear regression analysis revealed that changes in FBS, insulin, and HOMA-IR were predictors of change in free androgen index (P < 0.05). Conclusion: CoQ10 with or without vitamin E supplementation among women with PCOS had beneficial effects on serum FBS and insulin levels, as well as HOMA-IR and total testosterone levels. However, only cosupplementation affected SHBG concentrations.