RESUMEN
The fetuses of women who live adjacent to a large lead smelter may experience intrauterine growth retardation that results from the mothers' systemic availability of lead absorbed from their environment. In this study, the authors used 30 y of birth records (n = 9329) to obtain fetal growth measurements for the smelter city and a suitable control city. The authors determined rates of intrauterine growth retardation (small-for-date births) for 5-y periods, and they determined the estimated relative risk of intrauterine growth retardation that occurred in the smelter city and compared it with the control city. The risk of intrauterine growth retardation for women in the smelter city was not significantly greater (odds ratio = 0.83) for either the 30-y period or each of the 5-y periods (odds ratio range = 0.51-1.33). The authors concluded that fetal growth was not affected by the amount of lead absorbed by women who lived in a smelter environment.
Asunto(s)
Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/inducido químicamente , Plomo/efectos adversos , Exposición Materna/efectos adversos , Metalurgia , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/sangre , Certificado de Nacimiento , Peso al Nacer , Colombia Británica/epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/epidemiología , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Plomo/sangre , Oportunidad Relativa , Embarazo , Salud UrbanaRESUMEN
Giardia is the most frequently reported intestinal parasite in Canada. More than 2,000 cases are reported annually in British Columbia which exceeds the number of cases of either campylobacteriosis or salmonellosis. Since the different ways this parasite is spread in British Columbia have not been determined, our purpose was to investigate certain factors that might be associated with acquiring giardiasis in this province. Telephone interviews provided information from a group of infected persons and from a group of non-infected control subjects. Information obtained from these interviews was used to identify associated risk factors in this group of cases. If results of the study are generalized to the population-at-risk, they indicate that water (drinking and recreational) is an important vector for transmission of Giardia in British Columbia.
Asunto(s)
Giardiasis/transmisión , Adulto , Colombia Británica/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Giardiasis/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , Oportunidad Relativa , Factores de Riesgo , Viaje , Contaminantes del AguaAsunto(s)
Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Adolescente , Colombia Británica , Niño , Preescolar , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Bucal , Índice PeriodontalRESUMEN
Soil analyses revealed an elevated lead content in the surface soil of three British Columbia cities. The lead accumulations were largely attributed to dustfall from a nearby large lead-zinc smelter in Trail and to automotive traffic in Nelson and Vancouver. Although the mean concentrations of lead in the soil were relatively low at Nelson (192 parts per million [ppm]), in selected areas of Vancouver with heavy traffic they were similar to those found within 1.6 km of the large smelter at Trail (1545 and 1662 ppm respectively). In a study conducted in 1975, children aged 1 to 6 years in Trail and Nelson were found to have higher mean blood lead levels than grade nine students. The findings of the later study support the view that particulate lead in surface soil and dust accounted for most of the greater lead absorption in the younger children.
