RESUMEN
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a complex disease with rapid progression and poor/unsatisfactory outcomes. In the past few years, the focus has been on developing newer therapies for AML; however, relapse remains a significant problem. Natural Killer cells have strong anti-tumor potential against AML. This NK-mediated cytotoxicity is often restricted by cellular defects caused by disease-associated mechanisms, which can lead to disease progression. A stark feature of AML is the low/no expression of the cognate HLA ligands for the activating KIR receptors, due to which these tumor cells evade NK-mediated lysis. Recently, different Natural Killer cell therapies have been implicated in treating AML, such as the adoptive NK cell transfer, Chimeric antigen receptor-modified NK (CAR-NK) cell therapy, antibodies, cytokine, and drug treatment. However, the data available is scarce, and the outcomes vary between different transplant settings and different types of leukemia. Moreover, remission achieved by some of these therapies is only for a short time. In this mini-review, we will discuss the role of NK cell defects in AML progression, particularly the expression of different cell surface markers, the available NK cell therapies, and the results from various preclinical and clinical trials.
Asunto(s)
Leucemia Mieloide Aguda , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patología , Células Asesinas Naturales , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Receptores KIR/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
The novel HLA-A*01:01:01:111 allele was detected during routine HLA typing.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-A , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Alelos , India , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Antígenos HLA-A/genéticaRESUMEN
The novel HLA-B*40:01:02:59 and HLA-C*05:01:73 alleles were detected during the routine HLA typing process.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-B , Humanos , Alelos , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , India , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto RendimientoRESUMEN
The novel HLA-C*12:02:47 allele was detected during routine HLA typing.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-C , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Alelos , IndiaRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-B*37:01:01:19 differs from B*37:01:01:01 by one nucleotide A->G in Intron 3 at gDNA1430.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-B , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Alelos , Intrones , India , Antígenos HLA-B/genéticaRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-C*03:599 as compared with HLA-C*03:04:01:02 displays polymorphism at position; gDNA 1618 (G>T).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-C , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , AlelosRESUMEN
Novel HLA-A*33:03:62, -B*52:01:01:25 alleles and confirmatory HLA-A*02:01:209 allele were detected during the HLA typing process.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-B , Humanos , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto RendimientoRESUMEN
The novel alleles HLA-DQA1*01:01:01:11 and -DQA1*01:03:01:13 were detected during the routine HLA typing process.
Asunto(s)
Alelos , Humanos , Cadenas alfa de HLA-DQ/genética , India , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
The novel HLA-DPA1*01:03:01:64 allele was detected during routine HLA typing.
Asunto(s)
Cadenas alfa de HLA-DP , Humanos , Alelos , Cadenas alfa de HLA-DP/genética , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , IndiaRESUMEN
HLA-C*07:04:01:19 differs from C*07:04:01:01 by one nucleotide change in gDNA at position 2420 in intron 5.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-C , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Alelos , India , IntronesRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-C*07:02:01:184 as compared with HLA-C*07:02:01:03 displays polymorphism at position; gDNA 2896 (G > C).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-C , Humanos , Alelos , Secuencia de Bases , Genes MHC Clase I , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Antígenos HLA-C/genéticaRESUMEN
The novel allele, HLA-B*40:02:01:39 differs from the HLA-B*40:02:01:01 allele by a single nucleotide change at gDNA position 700.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-B , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Genes MHC Clase I , IndiaRESUMEN
The novel HLA-B*58:01:01:19 allele was characterized using next generation sequencing technology.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-B , Humanos , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto RendimientoRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-C*06:02:38:02 differs from HLA-C*06:02:38:01 by a nucleotide change at position; gDNA 168 T â A.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA-C , Humanos , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Alelos , India , NucleótidosRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-A*02:11:01:06 as compared with HLA-A*02:11:01:01 displays polymorphism at position; gDNA 1562 (C>A).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-A , Humanos , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-A/genéticaRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-A*11:01:01:86 differs from HLA-A*11:01:01:86 by one nucleotide change at position; gDNA-32 (A- > C).
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA-A , Nucleótidos , Humanos , Alelos , India , Antígenos HLA-A/genética , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto RendimientoRESUMEN
The novel allele HLA-A*24:02:01:136 as compared with HLA-A*24:02:01:01 displays a single nucleotide polymorphism at position; gDNA 2827 (C > A).
Asunto(s)
Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Islamismo , Humanos , Secuencia de Bases , Alelos , Antígenos HLA-A/genéticaRESUMEN
The novel HLA-DQA1*01:01:01:10 allele differs from HLA-DQA1*01:01:01:07 by a single nucleotide change at gDNA 702 G T.