[Radiosensitivity of morphoenzymological structural elements of the jejunum mucous membrane in chronodynamics of the impact of electromagnetic fields impulses].

Results of numerous researches have revealed that most sensitive to electromagnetic radiations are the nervous, endocrine and cardiovascular systems of an organism, however, the analysis of literary data confirms also the direct involvement of organs of the intestinal system in physiological, and not seldom, and the pathological program of the response of an organism to the action of extreme factors. In the experiment executed on white laboratory male rats by ourselves there was studied the grade of the radiosensitivity of morphoenzymological structural elements of jejunum mucous membrane after 5, 7 and 10 months of chronic influence of electromagnetic fields impulses with a density of induced currents 0.37; 0.7; 0.8; 2.7 kA/m and frequency of impulses 50, 100 and 500 in a week irrespective of their divisibility of ultrashort duration of 15 a 40 ns. Scientific value and novelty of results is concluded in revealed multiple linear relationships between indices of electromagneticfields (duration of the impact, density of induced currents, periodicity of impulses and the dynamics of the studied indices of a morphofunctional condition of a jejunum mucous membrane). Besides that, there was found the critical population to indices of electromagneticfields impulses parameters - the jejunum mast cells differing in hypersensitivity and dependence on duration of influence and density of induced currents revealed, at that their bioeffects were unidirectional.

[ASPECTS OF HEALTH-SAVING MOTIVATION IN CHILDREN OF THE PRESCHOOL GROUP].

The problem of education of culture of health in children ofpreschool age is actual and sufficiently complicated. It is important at this age stage to create in children the first knowledge and practical skills of a healthy lifestyle. The example of parents has considerable impact on adoption of health saving behavior of a child. For identification of motivations of parents in the sphere of protection and strengthening of health of their children there was performed questionnaire survey of parents of preschool children according to specially developed questionnaire. A half of parents are established to be unable to devote sufficient time to health of the child due to engrossment. A considerable portion of parents doesn't keep a healthy lifestyle, differs in low medical and sports activity. The main motivation of parents is the motivation on recovery of the child after the disease, but not on preservation, strengthening and development of health.

[SELF-ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH STATUS AND LIFESTYLE AMONG STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY].

The life style is considered as one of the leading factors determining human health. The problem of maintaining a healthy lifestyle now isn't solved yet, despite its broad promotion, since in the student's environment risk factors for health are still rather widespread In the paper there are presented data of sociological questionnaire survey lighting a self-assessment of health status, features of a life style among students of the physical and mathematical faculty of the Pedagogical University. There is given an assessment of the spread of risk factors for health in this category of respondents.

Heavy metal contamination in freshwater fish from the border region between Norway and Russia.

The contents of Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni and Zn in muscle, liver and gills were studied in whitefish, perch, pike, brown trout, burbot and vendace from three lake localities in a watercourse in the border region between Norway and Russia, in the vicinity of mining activity and several metallurgic smelters. The contents of Cd and Ni in fish tissue increased with increasing proximity to the smelters, whereas the other elements showed similar concentrations at the three localities. The recorded heavy metal concentrations appeared to be within the ranges reported for fish from other metal-contaminated lakes, and higher than comparable observations from unpolluted systems. The heavy metal concentrations were usually lowest in muscle and highest in the liver or the gills. Significant differences in metal concentration levels were found between different fish species, but Hg was the only metal where these species differences were possibly related to biomagnification. For the other elements, the concentrations generally appeared to be inversely related to the trophic level of the fish species.

[New possibilities for metabolic protection from hypoxia in pregnant rats and their progeny]. / Novye vozmozhnosti metabolicheskoi zashchity ot gipoksii beremennykh krys i ikh potomstva.

Individual resistance of pregnant rats and the newborns to acute hypoxic hypoxia was studied. It was found that individual resistance of the organism to hypoxia significantly decreases in the last period of pregnancy. A new drug limontar proved to possess the properties of an active antihypoxia agent. Its administration during the last third of pregnancy stimulated the organism's protective-adaptational reactions, increased the resistance of pregnant, rats and the newborns to hypoxia. Limontar significantly improves the mechanometabolic indices of an isolated perfused heart under hypoxic conditions. Analysis of the obtained data suggests that limontar increases energy formation in the myocardium through activation of a more efficient and energetically beneficial path of succinic acid oxidation.

[The protective action of limontar in pregnant animals with acute hypoxic hypoxia]. / Protektornoe deistvie limontara na beremennykh zhivotnykh pri ostroi gipoksicheskoi gipoksii.

A comparative study of individual resistance of rats to acute hypoxic hypoxia was performed. It was shown that individual resistance of the organism to hypoxia significantly decreases in the course of pregnancy. Limontar is shown to be active antihypoxant. Limontar administered during the last third of pregnancy stimulates protective-adaptive reactions in the females, thus increasing their resistance to hypoxia.

[Cytochemical lymphocytic markers as criteria suitable for mass and selective hematologic screening of children living in areas contaminated by radionuclides]. / Tsitokhimicheskie markery limfotsitov v kachestve kriteriev, prigodnykh dlia massovogo i selektivnogo gematologicheskogo skrininga detei, prozhivaiushchikh na zagriaznennykh radionuklidami territoriiakh.

A cytochemical lymphocytogram by PAS--reaction and nonspecific esterase test was made using blood smears from 820 children living in different regions of the Bryansk area exposed to radioactive contamination and from 46 matched controls from noncontaminated territories. Most of the children were born before the Chernobyl accident. The cytochemical lymphocytogram was informative enough to evaluate lymphocytic pool and its renewal. The lymphocytogram parameters served criteria for selection of children's groups at relative risk. The groups comprised 25-60% of the examinees depending on the contamination degree and were registered for subsequent follow-up and rehabilitation.

[Effect of induction of the synthesis of serotonin antibodies on lipid peroxidation in experimental alcoholism]. / Vliianie induktsii sinteza antitel k serotoninu na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov pri éksperimental'nom alkogolizme.

The effect of antibodies to serotonin on lipid peroxidation (LPO) in acute alcoholic intoxication was studied in rabbit experiments. Acute alcoholization causes marked LPO disorders which are manifested by a sharp increase of the content of intermediate products and reduction of the concentration of end products. Active immunization of the animals with a conjugated serotonin antigen, bovine serum albumin, reduces the LPO disorders induced by alcoholization.

[The correction of energy metabolism disorders in hypoxia by using vitamin K]. / Korrektsiia narushenii énergeticheskogo obmena pri gipoksii s pomoshch'iu vitamina K.

A study was made of the possibility of correcting respiratory chain function disorders in hypoxia by means of the naphthoquinone derivative vitamin K3. The antihypoxic activity of that compound is defined by its donor-acceptor properties and its capability to shunt the electron flow from NADH to CoQ. The effect is more pronounced in the tissues that oxidize mostly the NAD-dependent substrates which is related to rapid inactivation of the given enzymatic complex under hypoxia and correlates with low resistance of the cell using the NADH-oxidase pathway of oxidizing energy substrates to oxygen deficiency.

[Effect of the quality of fat substrate on the dynamics of fatty acid utilization during biosynthesis of cephalosporin C]. / Izuchenie vliianiia kachestva zhirovogo substrata na dinamiku potrebleniia zhirnykh kislot v protsesse biosinteza tsefalosporina C.

Influence of the quality of the fats used on their utilization in the process of cephalosporin C fermentation and accumulation was studied. A decrease in the level of all the fractions of the fatty acids was observed during the fermentation process. The antibiotic yield with the use of oxidized fats was lower. Treatment of the fats with gaseous nitrogen prevented their oxidation. It was supposed that the decreased yields of the antibiotic were associated with the influence of the oxidized fats on the biosynthetic processes.

[Antihypoxic effects of quinones connected with restoration of electro-transport and function of the respiratory chain of the isolated rat heart]. / Antigipoksicheskie éffekty nekotorykh khinonov, sviazannye s vosstanovleniem élektrotransportnoi funktsii dykhatel'noi tsepi izolirovannogo serdtsa krysy.

The effect of hypoxia of middle severity (H50) has been investigated on the contractile activity, oxidative metabolism and bioenergetic function of the myocardium in the isolated rat heart. It has been shown that differences in the functional-metabolic parameters sensitivity in the resistant and non-resistant to hypoxia animals are defined by the primary utilization of different pathways of substrates oxidation--the succinate-oxidative pathway of oxidation or the NADH-oxidative pathway, correspondingly. It is possible to correct the early hypoxic injuries of the electron-transfer function of the myocardium respiratory chain at the NADH-CoQ region (the first enzyme complex) with the help of quinones (vitamin K3, hydroquinone). The mechanism of this correction depends on the donor-acceptor properties of these compounds and it is the same both in the myocardium of the isolated heart and in the isolated mitochondria. Vitamin K3 is recommended to be utilized on the early stages of hypoxic injuries in myocardium as an antihypoxant of the energized type.

[Oxidative metabolism and myocardial function in rats with different sensitivities to oxygen deficiency in hypoxia]. / Okislitel'nyi metabolizm i funktsiia miokarda krys s raznoi chuvstvitel'nost'iu k kislorodnoi nedostatochnosti v usloviiakh gipoksii.

In exposure to mild hypoxia, the electron-transport function of the myocardial respiratory chain in the NAD-cytochrome b area is limited in a different manner in animals highly resistant (HR) and those poorly resistant (PR) to hypoxia. In PR animals this process develops very rapidly, leads to diminution of the oxidative capacity of the respiratory chain and of ATP production, and, as a consequence, to suppression of the energy-dependent contractile function of the myocardium. In HR animals this process is less manifest and develops very slowly, which confirms the lesser role of NAD-dependent oxidation of substrates in the metabolism of the myocardium of these animals. The ability of the HR animals to maintain in mild hypoxia a higher ATP level than that in PR animals suggests that ATP synthesis in them occurs through oxidation of endogenous substrates which enter the respiratory chain by bypassing the NAD-dependent area. Compounds of the group of quinones, which facilitate removal of the block of the electron-transport function of the respiratory chain on the level of the first enzyme complex, normalize processes of ATP production and myocardial contractility and may be used as antihypoxic agents.

[Effect of plasmapheresis on histamine and serotonin levels in the blood of patients with acute pancreatitis]. / Vliianie plazmafereza na soderzhanie gistamina i serotonina v krovi u bol'nykh ostrym pankreatitom.

Alterations of histamine and serotonin levels in blood were found to depend on the duration and degree of the pathological process in the pancreas in acute pancreatitis. The effect of plasmapheresis on the content of biologically active substances in blood at different stages of the development of pancreatonecrosis was studied. It was established that plasmapheresis was an effective means to make the level of histamine and serotonin lower.